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طغو

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concepts of exceeding bounds, transgression, and rebellion against divine guidance. It extends to the idea of being led astray, particularly by idols or malevolent entities, and the resulting state of arrogance and defiance.

Derived headwords

طَغَا! يَطْغُوverb
  1. 1.
    to transgressboth

    To exceed the limits, to be insolent, to rebel, especially against divine commands.

  2. 2.
    to overflowclassical

    Used metaphorically to describe exceeding a limit, like the Flood waters overflowing.

طُغْوَىnoun
  1. 1.
    transgressionboth

    The state or act of transgression, rebellion, or exceeding bounds.

  2. 2.
    sinclassical

    Specifically refers to sins or acts of disobedience.

كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا — Thamud denied (the truth) because of their transgression.
الطَّاغُوتnoun
  1. 1.
    idolboth

    An object of worship other than God, often an idol or a false deity.

  2. 2.
    demonboth

    A malevolent spirit or demon, particularly one that leads astray.

  3. 3.
    sorcererclassical

    A sorcerer or diviner, one who practices magic.

  4. 4.
    soothsayerclassical

    A soothsayer or diviner.

  5. 5.
    leader of misguidanceclassical

    Any leader or figure who causes people to stray from the right path.

  6. 6.
    deity worshipped besides Godclassical

    Anything worshipped besides Allah.

يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَتَحَاكَمُوا إِلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَقَدْ أُمِرُوا أَن يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ — They wish to go to the Taghut for judgment, while they have been ordered to reject it.
طَغْوَانnoun
  1. 1.
    transgressionclassical

    A masdar (verbal noun) meaning transgression or rebellion, synonymous with طغيان.

طُغْيَانnoun
  1. 1.
    transgressionboth

    The act or state of exceeding limits, insolence, rebellion, and tyranny.

طَغِيَ يَطْغَىverb
  1. 1.
    to transgressboth

    An alternative verb form meaning to transgress or be insolent.

طَغْوَىnoun
  1. 1.
    transgressionboth

    The name for transgression, often used as a masdar.

أَطْغَاهُverb
  1. 1.
    to make someone transgressboth

    To cause someone to become insolent, rebellious, or to transgress.

أَطْغَاهُ الْمَالُ — Wealth made him transgress.
الطَّغْوَةnoun
  1. 1.
    high placeclassical

    A high or elevated place.

الطَّوَاغِيتnoun
  1. 1.
    idolsboth

    Plural of الطاغوت, referring to idols or false deities.

  2. 2.
    houses of idolsclassical

    The dwellings or temples of idols.

الطَّوَاغِيnoun
  1. 1.
    idolsclassical

    An alternative plural for الطاغوت.

  2. 2.
    houses of idolsclassical

    An alternative form for houses of idols.

الطَّاغُوتُ (للواحد والجمع)noun
  1. 1.
    Taghut (singular or plural)classical

    Can refer to a single entity or a group, used for both singular and plural.

وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمُ الطَّاغُوتُ يُخْرِجُونَهُم — And those who disbelieve, their allies are Taghut. They take them out...
الطَّاغُوتُ (للمؤنث)noun
  1. 1.
    Taghut (feminine)classical

    Can be used in the feminine form, referring to Taghut.

الَّذِينَ اجْتَنَبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ أَن يَعْبُدُوهَا — Those who have avoided Taghut, lest they worship it.

Parallel reading

تقدم مرارا أن ذكر الآتي مما يوهم أنه من حد رمى وليس كذلك، فهو مخالف لاصطلاحه السابق.
It has been mentioned repeatedly that mentioning the following might suggest it belongs to the root 'rmy' (رمى), which is not the case, thus contradicting his previous convention.
كعلو، وطغوانا، بضمهما
Like 'uluww' (علو), and 'tughwānan' (طغوانا), with both of them being prefixed.
الطغوان والطغيان بمعنى
Al-Tughwān and al-Tughyān mean the same thing.
الطغوان لغة في الطغيان
Al-Tughwān is a linguistic variation of al-Tughyān.
طغوت وطغيت.
I transgressed and I transgressed.
كطغي يطغى، أي كرضي كما هو في النسخ؛ ولو كان كسعى جاز فإنها لغات ثلاث صحيحة
Like 'taghy' (طغي) 'yatgha' (يطغى), meaning like 'radiya' (رضي) as it is in the manuscripts; and if it were like 'sa'a' (سعى), it would be permissible, as they are three correct linguistic variations.
والطغوى الاسم منه
And al-Tughwā is the noun derived from it.
تنبيهًا أنهم لم يصدقوا إذا خوفوا بعقوبة طغيانهم.
To indicate that they did not believe when they were warned of the punishment for their transgression.
بطغواها أي معاصيها.
With their transgression, meaning their sins.
أي بطغياها، وهما مصدران إلا أن الطغوى أشكل برؤوس الآي فاختير لذلك
Meaning with their rebellion, and they are two masdars (verbal nouns), except that 'al-Tughwā' is more suitable for the beginnings of verses, so it was chosen for that reason.
ألا تراه قال: {وآخر دعواهم} والمعنى آخر دعائهم.
Do you not see that He said: {And the conclusion of their prayer is} meaning the end of their supplication.
أصلها طغياها، وفعلى إذا كانت من ذوات الياء أبدلت في الاسم واوا ليفصل بين الاسم والصفة، تقول: هي التقوى، وإنما هي من تقيت، وبقوى من بقيت.
Its origin is 'tughyāhā'. And 'fa'lā' (فعلى) when it is from words with a 'yā' (ياء) at the end, the 'yā' is replaced by a 'wāw' (واو) in the noun to distinguish between the noun and the adjective. You say: 'It is al-Taqwā', and it is derived from 'taqiyta' (تقيت), and 'baqwā' (بقوى) from 'baqiyta' (بقيت).
اختلف في تفسيرهما فقيل: هما (اللات والعزى، و) قيل: الطاغوت: (الكاهن) والساحر؛ عن عكرمة وبه فسر قوله تعالى: {يريدون أن يتحاكموا إلى الطاغوت وقد أمروا أن يكفروا به} ، وكذلك الجبت أيضا: نقله الزجاج.
There is disagreement about their interpretation. It is said: They are (al-Lāt and al-'Uzzā), and it is said: Al-Tāghūt is (the soothsayer) and the sorcerer; according to 'Ikrimah, and by this, the verse is interpreted: {They wish to go to the Taghut for judgment, while they have been ordered to reject it}, and similarly, al-Jibt also: this was narrated by Al-Zajjāj.
الجبت السحر، والطاغوت (الشيطان) ؛ وقد جاء ذلك عن عمر بن الخطاب أيضا، وبه فسرت الآية المتقدمة أيضا.
Al-Jibt is magic, and Al-Tāghūt is (the devil); this has also been narrated from 'Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, and by this, the preceding verse has also been interpreted.
هو المارد من الجن.
It is the rebellious one of the jinn.
كل رأس ضلال طاغوت، نقله الجوهري.
Every leader of misguidance is a Taghut, as narrated by Al-Jawharī.
الطاغوت يكون من (الأصنام) ، ويكون من الجن والإنس.
Al-Tāghūt can be from (idols), and it can be from jinn and humans.
كل ما عبد من دون الله جبت وطاغوت.
Everything worshipped besides Allah is Jibt and Taghut.
مردة أهل الكتاب؛ يكون (للواحد والجمع) ويذكر ويؤنث؛
The rebellious ones of the People of the Book; it can be (for the singular and the plural) and it is masculine and feminine.
وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمُ الطَّاغُوتُ يُخْرِجُونَهُم
And those who disbelieve, their allies are Taghut. They take them out...
الَّذِينَ اجْتَنَبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ أَن يَعْبُدُوهَا
Those who have avoided Taghut, lest they worship it.
وزنه (فلعوت) ، بفتح اللام، لأنه (من طغوت)، قال: وإنما آثرت طوغوتا في التقدير على طيغوت لأن قلب الواو عن موضعها أكثر من قلب الياء في كلامهم نحو شجر شاك ولاث وهار؛
Its weight is (fal'awt), with a fatha on the lām, because it is from (taghawta). He said: And I preferred 'tawghūt' in estimation over 'tayghūt' because the inversion of the 'wāw' from its position is more common than the inversion of the 'yā' in their speech, like 'shajar shāk' (شجر شاك) and 'lāth' (لاث) and 'hāra' (هار).
وقيل: وزنه فعلوت لكن قدمت اللام موضع العين واللام واو محركة مفتوح ما قبلها فقلبت ألفا فبقي في تقدير فلعوت وهو من الطغيان، قاله الزمخشري.
And it is said: its weight is 'fal'awt', but the lām was moved to the position of the 'ayn', and the 'wāw' is mobile with a fatha on the preceding letter, so it was inverted to an 'alif', leaving it in the estimation of 'fal'awt', and it is from 'al-ṭughyān', according to Al-Zamakhsharī.
والقلب للاختصاص إذ لا يطلق على غير الشيطان.
And the inversion is for specificity, as it is not applied to anything other than the devil.
الطاغوت تاؤها زائدة وهي مشتقة من طغا، انتهى.
The 'tā'' (ت) of Al-Tāghūt is extra, and it is derived from 'taghā' (طغا), end quote.
إن تاءها عوض عن واو وزنه فاعول وقبل على الزيادة أنه فاعلوت وأصله طاغيوت.
That its 'tā'' is a substitute for a 'wāw', its weight is 'fā'ūl', and it is considered extra, being 'fā'alūt', and its origin is 'ṭāghiyūt'.
وطاغوت وإن جاء على وزن لاهوت فهو مقلوب لأنه من طغا، ولاهوت غير مقلوب لأنه من لاه بمنزلة الرغبوت والرهبوت.
And 'Tāghūt', even if it comes on the pattern of 'Lāhūt', it is inverted because it is from 'taghā', while 'Lāhūt' is not inverted because it is from 'lāh' (لاه), similar to 'raghabūt' (رغبوت) and 'rahbut' (رهبوت).
ج طواغيت؛ وعليه اقتصر الجوهري؛ وطواغ، نقله ابن سيده.
Plural is 'ṭawāghīt'; Al-Jawharī limited himself to this; and 'ṭawāgh', as narrated by Ibn Sīdah.
أو الجبت: حيي بن أخطب؛ والطاغوت: كعب بن الأشرف اليهوديان.
Or Al-Jibt: Ḥuyayy ibn Akhtab; and Al-Tāghūt: Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf, the two Jews.
وهو غير خارج عن قول أهل اللغة لأنهم إذا اتبعوا أمرهما فقد أطاعوهما من دون الله.
And this is not outside the scope of the linguists' saying, because if they follow their command, they have obeyed them instead of Allah.
وأطغاه المال: (جعله طاغيا) ؛ نقله الجوهري.
And wealth made him transgress: (made him arrogant/rebellious); as narrated by Al-Jawharī.
والطغوة: المكان المرتفع؛ نقله الجوهري.
And Al-Ṭaghwah: the elevated place; as narrated by Al-Jawharī.
الطاغوت: الصارف عن طريق الخير؛ نقله الراغب.
Al-Tāghūt: that which diverts from the path of good; as narrated by Al-Rāghib.
والطواغيت: بيوت الأصنام؛ كذا الطواغي، نقله الحافظ في مقدمة الفتح.
And Al-Ṭawāghīt: the houses of idols; likewise Al-Ṭawāghī, as narrated by Al-Ḥāfiẓ in the introduction to Al-Fatḥ.