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جفي

Root entry · 17 derived lemmas

The root جفي (j-f-y) primarily relates to concepts of distance, harshness, and neglect. It encompasses being rough in disposition or appearance, abandoning or neglecting something or someone, and physical distance or separation.

Derived headwords

جَفَاverb
  1. 1.
    to be roughboth

    To be coarse in disposition, manner, or appearance.

  2. 2.
    to neglectboth

    To abandon, forsake, or neglect someone or something.

  3. 3.
    to move awayboth

    To move away from something or someone.

  4. 4.
    to treat harshlyboth

    To act harshly or unkindly towards someone.

  5. 5.
    to be coarse (fabric)classical

    To be coarse or thick in texture, referring to fabric or a pen's nib.

من بدا جفا — Whoever is uncivilized is rough.
جفاه: بعد عنه — He distanced himself from him.
جفاه: فعل به ما ساءه — He did to him what displeased him.
جفا ثوبه: غلظ — His garment became coarse.
جَفَاءnoun
  1. 1.
    roughnessboth

    Coarseness in disposition, manners, or appearance; harshness.

  2. 2.
    distanceboth

    Distance or estrangement from someone.

  3. 3.
    drossclassical

    The scum or dross skimmed from a pot or thrown by a wadi.

البذاء من الجفاء — Vulgarity stems from harshness.
الجفاء في النار — Harshness is in the Fire.
جفاء الزمن — The harshness of time.
جَفْوَةnoun
  1. 1.
    harshnessboth

    Harshness or roughness, often implying a more persistent state than جفاء.

  2. 2.
    neglectboth

    A single instance or period of neglecting or abandoning someone or something.

الجفوة ألزم في ترك الصلة من الجفاء — Jafwah is more binding in abandoning connection than Jafaa'.
فلان ظاهر الجفوة — So-and-so exhibits harshness.
جَافٍadjective
  1. 1.
    roughboth

    Rough in disposition, manners, or appearance; uncivilized.

  2. 2.
    distantboth

    Distant or estranged.

رجل جافي الخلقة — A man of rough build.
ليس بالجافي المهين — He is not rough and demeaning.
مَجْفُوّadjective
  1. 1.
    neglectedboth

    One who is neglected, abandoned, or treated harshly.

فإن كان مجفو قيل به جفوة — If he is neglected, it is said he has a neglect.
أَجْفَىverb
  1. 1.
    to removeclassical

    To lift or remove something, like a saddle from a horse.

  2. 2.
    to drive hardclassical

    To drive livestock hard, causing them fatigue.

  3. 3.
    to distanceboth

    To cause someone or something to be distant or far away.

أجفاه أنا إذا رفعته عنه — I ajfa-ed it if I lifted it from him.
أجفى الماشية — He drove the livestock hard.
مُجْفَاةadjective
  1. 1.
    fatigued (livestock)classical

    Livestock that have been driven hard and are tired.

وأجفى الماشية، فهي مجفاة — He drove the livestock hard, and they were fatigued.
اِسْتَجْفَىverb
  1. 1.
    to consider roughboth

    To deem something rough, coarse, or harsh.

  2. 2.
    to seek harshnessclassical

    To seek or ask for harsh treatment.

استجفى الفراش وغيره: عده! جافيا — He considered the mattress and other things rough.
جَافَىverb
  1. 1.
    to keep away fromboth

    To keep one's side away from a mattress, or to move limbs away from the body.

  2. 2.
    to distance oneselfboth

    To distance oneself from something or someone.

جافى جنبه عن الفراش فتجافى — He kept his side away from the mattress, and it moved away.
جافى عضديه عن جنبيه: باعدهما — He moved his upper arms away from his sides.
تَجَافَىverb
  1. 1.
    to move awayboth

    To move away or keep distance, often reflexively.

جافى جنبه عن الفراش فتجافى — He kept his side away from the mattress, and it moved away.
جُفَاةnoun
  1. 1.
    rough peopleclassical

    The rough or uncivilized people; the early or swift ones, likened to the rush of a flood.

وهو من جفاة العرب — And he is from the rough Arabs.
أَجْفَتverb
  1. 1.
    to skim offclassical

    For a pot to skim off its foam or scum.

  2. 2.
    to become barrenclassical

    For land to become barren or unproductive.

أجفت القدر زبدها: رمته — The pot skimmed off its foam: it threw it away.
أجفت الأرض: صارت كالجفاء في ذهاب خيرها — The land became barren: it became like dross in the loss of its goodness.
جَفَتverb
  1. 1.
    to skim offclassical

    For a pot to skim off its foam or scum.

وكذلك جفت — And likewise it skimmed off.
مُجَافَاةnoun
  1. 1.
    keeping distanceboth

    The act of keeping distance or moving away.

جَفَاءnoun
  1. 1.
    roughness of writingclassical

    Coarseness in the cut of a pen nib.

مَجْفُوّnoun
  1. 1.
    those whose arts are neglectedclassical

    Those whose crafts or arts are neglected or shunned.

والأدب صناعة مجفو أهلها — And literature is a craft whose people are neglected.
جَفَاverb
  1. 1.
    to neglect (child)classical

    For a woman to neglect her child, not attending to it.

وجفا المرأة ولدها: لم تتعاهده — And the woman neglected her child: she did not attend to it.

Parallel reading

فلما انقلبت الواو ياء فيما لم يسم فاعله بني المفعول عليه.
And when the waw turned into a ya' in the passive voice, the passive verb was built upon it.
وفي الحديث: البذاء من الجفاء والجفاء في النار.
And in the Hadith: Vulgarity is from harshness, and harshness is in the Fire.
وفي الحديث الآخر: من بدا جفا، أي غلظ طبعه لقلة مخالطة الناس.
And in another Hadith: Whoever is uncivilized is rough, meaning his disposition is coarse due to little interaction with people.
قال الليث: الجفوة ألزم في ترك الصلة من الجفاء.
Al-Layth said: Jafwah is more binding in abandoning connection than Jafaa'.
وفلان ظاهر الجفوة، بالكسر: أي الجفاء.
And so-and-so exhibits Jafwah, with kasr: meaning Jafaa'.
وجفا ماله: لم يلازمه.
And he neglected his wealth: he did not stick to it.
جفا السرج عن فرسه: رفعه عنه، كأجفاه.
The saddle moved away from his horse: he lifted it from it, like ajfaa-ing it.
ففي الصحاح: جفا السرج عن ظهر الفرس وأجفيته أنا إذا رفعته عنه.
In Al-Sihah: The saddle moved away from the horse's back, and I ajfa-ed it if I lifted it from it.
وشاهد أجفاه قول الراجز أنشده الجوهري: تمد بالأعناق أو تلويهاوتشتكي لو أننا نشكيها مس حوايا قلما نجفيها
And the evidence for ajfaa is the saying of the rajaz poet, narrated by Al-Jawhari: You extend your necks or twist them, and complain if we were to complain of the touch of the saddle-pads, we rarely remove them.
والجفاء يكون في الخلقة والخلق؛ يقال: رجل جافي الخلقة و جافي الخلق، أي كز غليظ العشرة خرق في المعاملة متحامل عند الغضب والسورة على الجليس.
And Jafaa' can be in build and character; it is said: A man of rough build and rough character, meaning coarse in companionship, clumsy in dealings, and oppressive when angry or agitated towards his companion.
وفي صفته صلى الله عليه وسلم (ليس بالجافي المهين)، أي ليس بالغليظ الخلقة والطبع، أي ليس بالذي يجفو أصحابه، والمهين تقدم في النون.
And in his description, peace be upon him (He is not rough and demeaning), meaning he is not coarse in build and nature, meaning he is not one who is rough with his companions, and 'demeaning' was previously mentioned under the letter Nun.
واستجفى الفراش وغيره: عده! جافيا، أي غليظا أو خشنا.
And he considered the mattress and other things rough: he deemed them coarse or harsh.
وأجفى الماشية؛ فهي مجفاة: أتعبها؛ وفي الصحاح: تبعها؛ ولم يدعها تأكل، ولا علفها قبل ذلك، وذلك إذا ساقها سوقا شديدا؛ عن أبي زيد.
And he drove the livestock hard; they were fatigued: he tired them out; and in Al-Sihah: he followed them; and did not let them eat, nor did he feed them beforehand, and that is when he drove them severely; from Abu Zayd.
جافى جنبه عن الفراش فتجافى.
He kept his side away from the mattress, and it moved away.
وجافى عضديه عن جنبيه: باعدهما.
And he moved his upper arms away from his sides: he distanced them.
ومنه قول محمد بن سوقة: لما قل مالي جفاني إخواني.
And from this is the saying of Muhammad ibn Suqah: When my wealth became scarce, my friends abandoned me.
وأجفاه: أبعده؛ ومنه الحديث: (اقرؤا القرآن ولا تجفوا عنه)، أي لا تبعدوا عن تلاوته.
And ajfaa-ed him: he distanced him; and from this is the Hadith: (Recite the Quran and do not distance yourselves from it), meaning do not stray from its recitation.
وجفاه: فعل به ما ساءه.
And he jafaa-ed him: he did to him what displeased him.
واستجفاه: طلب منه ذلك.
And he requested that from him: he asked him for that.
والأدب صناعة مجفو أهلها.
And literature is a craft whose people are neglected.
وجفت المرأة ولدها: لم تتعاهده.
And the woman neglected her child: she did not attend to it.
وفي الحديث: (من حج ولم يزرني فقد جفا)، أي فعل ما يسوءني.
And in the Hadith: (Whoever performs Hajj and does not visit me has indeed been harsh), meaning he has done what displeases me.
وجفا ثوبه: غلظ؛ وكذلك القلم إذا غلظ قطه.
And his garment became coarse: it grew thick; and likewise a pen if its nib becomes thick.
وهو من جفاة العرب.
And he is from the rough Arabs.
وأصابته جفوة الزمن وجفاوته؛ وهو مجاز.
And the harshness of time and its severity afflicted him; and this is metaphorical.
والجفوة: المرة الواحدة من الجفاء، والجفاء كغراب: ما يرمى به الوادي أو القدر من الغثاء.
And Al-Jafwah: is the single instance of Al-Jafaa', and Al-Jafaa' (like ghurab): is what is skimmed from the wadi or the pot as dross.
وأجفت القدر زبدها: رمته؛ وكذلك جفت.
And the pot skimmed off its foam: it threw it away; and likewise it skimmed off.
وأجفت الأرض: صارت كالجفاء في ذهاب خيرها.
And the land became barren: it became like dross in the loss of its goodness.
قال الراغب: أصل كل ذلك الواو دون الهمزة.
Al-Raghib said: The origin of all of that is the waw without the hamza.
وجفاء الناس: سرعانهم وأوائلهم، شبهوا بجفاء السيل.
And the jafaa' of people: their swift ones and their first ones, they are likened to the rush of a flood.