ءن

Root entry · 7 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with conditional and negating particles, specifically 'in' (إنّ/إنْ). It explores its various grammatical functions as a conditional conjunction, a negator, a lightened form of the emphatic 'inna', and as an auxiliary particle.

Derived headwords

إنْparticle

1.
if (conditional)both
Used to introduce a conditional clause, where the second clause is dependent on the first.
2.
if (less common conditional)classical
Sometimes used in conditional statements, particularly in classical poetry and prose.

إن ينتهوا يغفر لهم ما قد سلف — If they cease, what has passed will be forgiven them

وإن تعودوا فعد — And if you return, We will return

إنْparticle

1.
not (negating)both
Used to negate a verbal or nominal sentence, often functioning similarly to 'ma' (ما).

إن الكافرون إلا في غرور — The disbelievers are not but in delusion

إن أردنا إلا الحسنى — We intended not, except good

إنّparticle

1.
indeed (emphatic)both
An emphatic particle used to affirm the statement that follows, often translated as 'indeed' or 'verily'.

إنّparticle

1.
indeed (lightened form)both
The lightened form of 'inna' (إنّ), which can be followed by a 'lam' (ل) in its predicate.

إن كل نفس لما عليها حافظ — Indeed, every soul will have with it a protector

إن هذان لساحران — Indeed, these two are magicians

إنْparticle

1.
extra (added)classical
An auxiliary particle that is sometimes added for emphasis or stylistic reasons, particularly after 'ma' (ما).

ما إن رأينا ملكا أغارا — We have not seen a king who raided

ما إن أتيت بشيء أنت تكرهه — I have not brought anything you dislike

إنْparticle

1.
as if (potential meaning)classical
In some contexts, 'in' can be interpreted as having a meaning similar to 'as if' or 'when'.

أتغضب إن أذنا قتيبة حزتا — Do you get angry if Qutaybah's ears were cut?

إن كان وعد ربنا لمفعولا — Indeed, the promise of our Lord has been fulfilled

إنْparticle

1.
when (temporal)classical
Can sometimes function as a temporal conjunction, similar to 'idha' (إذا), especially in conditional contexts.

لا تتخذوا آباءكم وإخوانكم أولياء إن استحبوا — Do not take your fathers and your brothers as allies if they prefer disbelief over belief

امرأة مؤمنة إن وهبت نفسها للنبي — A believing woman who gives herself to the Prophet

Parallel reading

ني أرى ما ترين أو بخيلا مخلدا

I see what you see, or an immortal miser.

أعاذك ما يدريك أن منيتي إلى ساعة في اليوم أو في ضحى الغد؟

O protector, what tells you that my death is at an hour of the day or in the morning of tomorrow?

وما يدريك لعله يزكى

And what can make you know; perhaps he will be purified

وما يدريك لعل الساعة تكون قريبا

And what can make you know; perhaps the Hour is near

إن ينتهوا يغفر لهم ما قد سلف

If they cease, what has passed will be forgiven them

وإن تعودوا فعد

And if you return, We will return

إن تأتني إتك

If you come to me, I will come

وإن جئتني أكرمتك

And if you come to me, I will honor you

إن دخلت الدار إن كلمت أخاك فأنت طالق

If you enter the house, if you speak to your brother, you are divorced

أنت طالق إن احمر البسر؟

You are divorced if the dates turn red?

أنت طالق إذا احمر البسر؟

You are divorced when the dates turn red?

أنت طالق إن لم أطلقك

You are divorced if I do not divorce you

إلا تنصروه فقد نصره الله

If you do not support him [then] Allah has already supported him

إلا تنفروا يعذبكم

If you do not go forth, He will punish you

إن الكافرون إلا في غرور

The disbelievers are not but in delusion

إن أردنا إلا الحسنى

We intended not, except good

ما إن رأينا ملكا أغارا

We have not seen a king who raided

إن عندكم من سلطان بهذا

You have no authority for this

قل إن أدري أقريب ما توعدون

Say, 'I do not know if that which you are promised is near

إن هذان لساحران

Indeed, these two are magicians

إن كل نفس لما عليها حافظ

Indeed, every soul will have with it a protector

إن ضربت لزيدا

If I strike, then Zayd

إن قام لزيد

If he stands, then Zayd

ما إن أتيت بشيء أنت تكرهه

I have not brought anything you dislike

تخالج الأمر إن الأمر مشترك

The matter intervenes, if the matter is shared

إن نفعت الذكرى

if the reminder benefits

إن قام زيد

Indeed, Zayd stood

إن كان وعد ربنا لمفعولا

Indeed, the promise of our Lord has been fulfilled

وإن كادوا ليفتنونك

And indeed, they were about to tempt you

وإن كادوا ليستفزونك

And indeed, they were trying to drive you away

إن كنتم مؤمنين

if you are believers

إن شاء الله آمنين

if Allah wills, in security

أتغضب إن أذنا قتيبة حزتا

Do you get angry if Qutaybah's ears were cut?

لا تتخذوا آباءكم وإخوانكم أولياء إن استحبوا

Do not take your fathers and your brothers as allies if they prefer disbelief over belief

امرأة مؤمنة إن وهبت نفسها للنبي

A believing woman who gives herself to the Prophet

ورج الفتى للخير ما إن رأيتهعلى السن خيرا لا يزال يزيد

And the young man's inclination is towards goodness; I have not seen him at any age but that goodness increases in him

والله إن فعلت

By God, I did not do it