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ءن

Root entry · 5 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with particles of condition, emphasis, and doubt, often functioning similarly to 'if', 'that', and 'as if'. It explores nuances in their grammatical function, particularly in relation to meaning and emphasis, and their usage in classical Arabic syntax and Quranic recitation.

Derived headwords

أنْparticle
  1. 1.
    ifboth

    A conditional particle used to introduce a hypothetical clause, often followed by a verb.

  2. 2.
    thatboth

    A particle introducing a subordinate clause, often functioning as a noun clause or object.

إنْparticle
  1. 1.
    ifboth

    A conditional particle, often used for possibility or when the condition is less likely.

  2. 2.
    indeedclassical

    A particle used for emphasis or confirmation.

أنَّparticle
  1. 1.
    thatboth

    A particle introducing a nominal clause, often functioning as the object of a verb or preposition.

  2. 2.
    as ifclassical

    Used to introduce a clause expressing doubt or a hypothetical situation.

إنَّماparticle
  1. 1.
    onlyboth

    A particle of restriction and emphasis, indicating that something applies exclusively to what follows.

  2. 2.
    indeed onlyboth

    Used to affirm what is mentioned and negate everything else.

لعلَّparticle
  1. 1.
    perhapsboth

    A particle expressing hope or possibility.

  2. 2.
    as ifclassical

    Used in a specific dialectal usage to introduce a clause expressing doubt or a hypothetical situation.

Parallel reading

وإذا لزم التأويل بمصدر فتحت وذلك بعد لو
And when interpretation is necessitated by a masdar, it is opened (fatHa), and that is after 'law'.
نحو لو أنك قائم لقمت
For example: 'If you were standing, I would have stood'.
والمفتوحة وما بعدها في تأويل المصدر
And the opened (fatHa) [particle] and what follows it are in the interpretation of a masdar.
وأن المفتوحة فرع عن إن المكسورة فصح أن أنما تفيد الحصر كإنما
And 'anna' (opened) is a branch from 'inna' (broken), so it is correct that 'innama' signifies restriction, like 'innama'.
أصل إنما ما منعت إن عن العمل
The origin of 'innama' is what prevented 'inna' from functioning.
ومعنى إنما إثبات لما يذكر بعدها ونفي لما سواه
And the meaning of 'innama' is affirmation of what is mentioned after it and negation of what is other than it.
إذا زدت على إن ما صار للتعيين
If you add 'ma' to 'inna', it becomes for specification.
لأنه يوجب إثبات الحكم للمذكور ونفيه عما عداه
Because it necessitates affirming the ruling for the mentioned and negating it from all others.
قل إنما يوحى إلي أنما إلهكم إله واحد
Say: 'It is only revealed to me that your god is one God'.
فالأولى لقصر الصفة على الموصوف
So the first [particle] is for restricting the attribute to the qualified.
والثانية لعكسه
And the second is for the reverse.
أي لقصر الموصوف على الصفة
Meaning, for restricting the qualified to the attribute.
إن الحصر خاص بالمكسورة
'Indeed' (al-HaSr) is specific to the broken [particle].
وأن المفتوحة قد تكون لغة في لعل كقولك: إئت السوق! أنك تشتري لنا لحما أو سويقا
And 'anna' (opened) can be a dialectal variant for 'la'alla', as in your saying: 'Go to the market! Perhaps you will buy us meat or rusks'.
وما يشعركم أنها إذا جاءت لا يؤمنون
And what makes you aware that they will not believe when it comes?