ءتن

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the female donkey (أتان) and its characteristics, including its strength and slipperiness. It also extends to related concepts like a stone at a well, a specific gait, and a type of stove or hearth. The root can also denote the act of giving birth in a breech presentation.

Derived headwords

الأَتَانnoun

1.
female donkeyboth
The female of the donkey. This is the primary meaning, though its usage for females is debated by some linguists.
2.
stone at a wellclassical
A stone situated at the mouth of a well, which can be slippery due to moss or partially submerged.
3.
base of the cheekboneclassical
The lower part of the cheekbone, according to Ibn Shumayl.
4.
foolish womanclassical
A woman described as foolish or simple, used metaphorically.

الأتان: الحمارة — The female donkey

الأتان الضحل صخرة ضخمة ململمة تكون في الماء على فم الركية — The stone of the shallow is a large, rounded stone found in the water at the mouth of the well

أَتَنَverb

1.
to stay and settleclassical
To reside in a place and remain there, to be firm and settled.
2.
to approach with short stepsclassical
To walk with short, quick steps, especially when angry. This is a variant of أتل.
3.
to give birth breechclassical
A woman giving birth to a child presented feet or buttocks first.

أَتَنَ به يأتن أتناً وأتونا: أقام به وثبت — He stayed and settled in it, he remained firm in it

أَتَنَ الرجلُ: قارب الخطو في غضب — The man approached with short steps in anger

أَتَنَانnoun

1.
short, angry stepsclassical
The act of walking with short, quick steps, particularly when in a state of anger. It is a variant of أتلانا.

أَتَنَاناً، محركة: قارب الخطو في غضب — Approaching with short steps in anger

الأَتُونnoun

1.
stove/hearthclassical
A stove or hearth, a place for fire. This meaning is considered by some to be of later origin.
2.
groove for mortarclassical
A groove or channel made for plaster or similar material, used by masons.

الأَتُون، كتنور، وقد يخفف؛ هو الموقد — The atun, like tunur, and it may be lightened; it is the stove

هو أخدود الجيار والجصاص ونحوه — It is a groove for plaster and the like

أَتَنَةnoun

1.
female donkey (rare)classical
A variant form for the female donkey, considered less common or even incorrect by some.
2.
elevated groundclassical
A raised area of land.

والأتانة قليلة — And 'atanah is rare

آتَنَverb

1.
to give birth breechclassical
To give birth to a child in a breech presentation (feet or buttocks first).

آتَنَتْ، مثل أَيْتَنَتْ، أي ولدت منكوساً — She gave birth breech, like 'aytanat, meaning she gave birth to a breech presentation

أَتَنَاءnoun

1.
breech birthclassical
The act or state of giving birth to a child in a breech presentation.

وأَتَنَتِ المرأةُ أَتَنَا بالقصر — The woman gave birth breech

مَأْتُوناءnoun

1.
collection of female donkeysclassical
A collective noun for female donkeys, similar to 'ma'yurā' for camels.

ومَأْتُوناء: اسم للجمع كالمعيوراء — And ma'tunā': a name for a collection, like ma'yurā'

آتِنnoun

1.
female donkeys (plural)classical
The plural of أتان (female donkey), following the pattern of عناق and أعنق.

ج آتن، كعناق وأعنق — Plural: ātin, like 'ināq and 'a'naq

أَتَنnoun

1.
female donkeys (plural)classical
A plural form for أتان (female donkey), used for a large number.
2.
stoves/hearths (plural)classical
The plural of أتون (stove/hearth), referring to the lightened form.

وأَتَنٌ، بالضم، وأَتَنٌ بضمتين، كلاهما في الكثير — And atun, with damma, and atun with two dammas, both used for a large quantity

أَتَنَnoun

1.
female donkeys (plural)classical
A plural form for أتان (female donkey), used for a large number.

وأَتَنٌ بضمتين، كلاهما في الكثير — And atun with two dammas, both used for a large quantity

أَتَنَnoun

1.
elevated groundclassical
An area of land that is elevated or high.

الأَتَنُ، بضمتين: المرتفعة من الأرض — Al-atan, with two dammas: the elevated part of the earth

يَأْتِنُverb

1.
to stay and settleclassical
Present tense of أَتَنَ (to stay and settle).

أَتَنَ به يَأْتِنُ أَتْناً وأَتُوناً: أقام به وثبت — He stayed and settled in it, he remained firm in it

أَتَنَverb

1.
to give birth breechclassical
Past tense of أَتَنَ (to give birth breech).

وأَتَنَتِ المرأةُ أَتَنَا بالقصر — The woman gave birth breech

أَتَنَاناًnoun

1.
short, angry stepsclassical
The masdar (verbal noun) for the act of walking with short, quick steps in anger.

وأَتَنَ الرجلُ أَتَناناً، محركة: قارب الخطو في غضب — The man walked with short steps in anger

أَتُوناًnoun

1.
staying and settlingclassical
The masdar (verbal noun) for the act of staying and settling in a place.

أَتَنَ به يأتن أَتْناً وأَتُوناً: أقام به وثبت — He stayed and settled in it, he remained firm in it

أَتَنِينnoun

1.
stoves/hearths (plural)classical
A plural form for أتون (stove/hearth), derived from the intensified form.

ج أَتَنٌ هذا جمع المخفف، وأَتَاتِين جمع المشدد، عن الفراء — Plural: atan (for the lightened form), and atātin (for the intensified form), from Al-Farra'

أَتَاتِينnoun

1.
stoves/hearths (plural)classical
A plural form for أتون (stove/hearth), derived from the intensified form, with an added 'alif' and 'ta'.

وأَتَاتِين جمع المشدد، عن الفراء — And atātin, the plural of the intensified form, from Al-Farra'

الأَتَنnoun

1.
protrusion of the footclassical
A condition where a child emerges from the womb feet first, a breech presentation. This is a variant of اليَتْن.

الأَتَنُ: أن يخرج رجلا الصبي قبل رأسه، لغة في اليَتْن — Al-atan: for a boy to emerge feet first before his head, a variant of al-yatan

اسْتَأْتَنَverb

1.
to buy a female donkeyclassical
To purchase and acquire a female donkey for oneself.
2.
to become a female donkeyclassical
For a male donkey to become like a female donkey, or to mature into one.

اسْتَأْتَنَ الرجلُ: اشترى أَتاناً واتخذها لنفسه — The man bought a female donkey and took it for himself

اسْتَأْتَنَ الحمارُ: صار أَتاناً — The donkey became a female donkey

مُؤْتَنnoun

1.
breech presentationclassical
Something that is presented in a breech manner, particularly a baby during birth.

والمُؤْتَنُ، كمُكْرَم: المَنْكُوس؛ وسيأتي إن شاء الله تعالى — And al-mu'tan, like mukram: the breech presentation; it will be discussed later, God willing

أَتَنَnoun

1.
stone in a dry stream bedclassical
A large, solid stone found in the bed of a dry stream, often covered in moss.

وأَتَانُ الثَّمِيلِ: الصخرة في باطن المسيل الضخمة لا يرفعها شيء ولا يحركها — And the atan of the stream bed: a huge rock in the middle of the stream bed that nothing can lift or move

Parallel reading

ولا تقل أتانة.

And do not say 'atanah (feminine form of donkey).

وقد جاء في بعض الحديث.

And it has come in some of the Hadith.

فإن بعض أئمة اللغة أنكرها وقال: هو لفظ خاص بالذكور لا تلحقه الهاء؛ ولو قال الأنثى من الحمر لكان أصوب، أشار له شيخنا، رحمه الله تعالى.

For some linguists have denied it, saying: it is a term specific to males and does not take the feminine suffix 'ha'; and if one said 'the female of the wild asses', it would be more accurate, as indicated by our Sheikh, may God have mercy on him.

وما أبين منهم غير أنهمهم الذين غذت من خلفها الأتن

And I saw none of them except their murmuring, those whom the female donkeys nourished from behind them.

وهو صخرة أيضا، كما في الصحاح.

And it is also a rock, as in Al-Sihah.

قاعدة الفودج

The base of the cheekbone.

الحمائر هي القواعد والأتن، الواحدة حمارة وأتان، (ج آتن)، بالمد.

The 'hamā'ir' are the old ones and the 'atan', the singular of which is 'himārah' and 'atanah', plural 'ātin', with extended vowel.

تكون في الماء على فم الركية يركبها الطحلب فتملاس وتكون أشد ملاسة من غيرها؛

It is in the water at the mouth of the well, moss grows on it making it slippery, and it is smoother than others;

أو هي الصخرة التي بعضها ظاهر وبعضها غامر في الماء

Or it is the rock of which some is visible and some is submerged in the water.

وبها تشبه الناقة في صلابتها وملاستها؛

And by it, the she-camel is likened in its firmness and slipperiness;

عيرانة كأتان الضحل ناجية إذا ترقص بالقور العساقيل

A swift she-camel like the stone of the shallow, surviving when the sand dunes sway.

وأَتَنَ به يأتن أتناً وأتونا: أقام به وثبت؛

And he stayed in it, he remained firm in it;

أتنت لها ولم أزل في خبائهامقيما إلى أن أنجزت خلتي وعدي

I stayed with her and remained in her tent until my need was fulfilled and my promise completed.

أتن الرجل أَتَناناً، محركة: قارب الخطو في غضب، لغة في أتل أتلانا؛

The man walked with short steps in anger, a variant of 'atal 'atalanan;

هو الموقد.

It is the stove.

هو (أخدود الجيار والجصاص ونحوه)

It is a groove for plaster and the like.

ج أتن هذا جمع المخفف، وأتاتين جمع المشدد، عن الفراء.

Plural: atan (for the lightened form), and atātin (for the intensified form), from Al-Farra'.

كأنه زاد على عين أتون عينا أخرى، فصار فعول مخفف العين إلى فعول مشدد العين فتصوره حينئذ على أتون فقال فيه أتاتين كسفود وسفافيد وكلوب وكلاليب.

It is as if another 'ayn was added to the 'ayn of 'atun', so that 'fa'ul' with a lightened 'ayn became 'fa'ul' with an intensified 'ayn, and thus it was formed as 'atun' and then 'atātin' was formed from it, like 'safud' and 'safāfid', and 'kulub' and 'kalālib'.

وهذا كما جمعوا قسا قساوسة، أرادوا أن يجمعوه على مثال مهالبة، فكثرت السينات وأبدلوا إحداهن واوا،

And this is like how they pluralized 'qass' to 'qasāwisah', intending to pluralize it on the pattern of 'muhālabah', so the 'sin' letters became numerous and they replaced one of them with a 'waw',

ربما شددوا الجمع ولم يشددوا واحدا مثل أتون وأتانين.

Sometimes they intensified the plural without intensifying the singular, like 'atun' and 'atānīn'.

أن يخرج رجلا الصبي قبل رأسه، لغة في اليتن؛

For the boy to emerge feet first before his head, a variant of 'al-yatan';

المرتفعة من الأرض؛

The elevated part of the earth;

وأتنت المرأة أتنا بالقصر، وآتنت بالمد، مثل أيتنت، أي ولدت منكوسا.

And the woman gave birth breech (atan with short vowel), and she gave birth breech (ātanat with long vowel), like 'aytanat, meaning she gave birth to a breech presentation.

اشترى أتانا واتخذها لنفسه؛

He bought a female donkey and took it for himself;

بسأت يا عمرو بأمر مؤتن

You have failed, Amr, with a matter of breech presentation.

واستأتن الناس ولم تستأتن

And the people acquired female donkeys, and you did not acquire one.

كان حمارا فاستأتن: يضرب للرجل يهون بعيد العز؛

He was a donkey and then became one (a female donkey): this is said of a man who loses his dignity after being honored;

المرأة الرعناء، على التشبيه.

The foolish woman, by way of simile.

هل يجوز للرجل أن يتزوج بأتان؟ قال: نعم؛

Is it permissible for a man to marry a foolish woman? He said: Yes;

الصخرة في باطن المسيل الضخمة لا يرفعها شيء ولا يحركها، طولها قامة في عرض مثله؛

The huge rock in the middle of the stream bed that nothing can lift or move, its length is a stature and its width is similar;

بناجية كأتان الثميل تقضي السرى بعد أين عسيرا

A swift she-camel like the stone of the stream bed, completing the night journey after a difficult and arduous path.