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ه ر ش م

Root entry · 2 derived lemmas

This root primarily describes characteristics of stones and earth, specifically their texture and consistency. It extends to describe features of mountains, land, and even animals like camels and sheep, often in contrast between soft/loose and hard/solid.

Derived headwords

الهِرشَمnoun
  1. 1.
    soft stoneclassical

    A type of stone that is soft and easily crumbled, as mentioned in Al-Jauhari's Al-Sihah.

  2. 2.
    thin, watery stoneclassical

    Alternatively, it refers to a stone that is thin and contains a lot of water.

  3. 3.
    crumbly stoneclassical

    In Al-Muḥkam, it is defined as a stone that is soft and crumbly.

  4. 4.
    hard stoneclassical

    Conversely, it can also mean a hard stone, used in contrast to its soft meaning.

الهِرشَمَةnoun
  1. 1.
    soft mountainclassical

    According to Abu Zayd, it refers to a soft, hollowed-out mountain.

  2. 2.
    abundant flockclassical

    It signifies an abundant flock of sheep, though some scholars restrict it to goats.

  3. 3.
    hard landclassical

    It can also denote hard, solid land, which is considered an antonym to its other meanings.

  4. 4.
    weak she-camelclassical

    It is also used to describe a weak or exhausted she-camel.

Parallel reading

الحجر الرخو
the soft stone
هو الرقيق، الكثير الماء
it is the thin, watery one
الرخو النخر
the soft, crumbly one
هو الجبل اللين المحفر
it is the soft, hollowed-out mountain
هرشمة في جبل هرشم
a soft mountain in a soft mountain range
تبذل للجار ولابن العم
it is given to the neighbor and the cousin
الغزيرة من الغنم
the abundant one of the sheep
الأرض الصلبة
the hard land
ضد
an antonym
الناقة الخوارة
the weak she-camel
الحجر الصلب، ضد
the hard stone, an antonym
عادية الجول طموح الجم
A she-camel of strong gait, high of hump
جيبت بحرف حجر هرشم
It was dug out at the edge of a hard stone
فالهرشم هنا: الصلب؛ لأن البئر لا تجاب إلا بحجر صلب
So 'al-harsham' here means: the hard; because a well is only dug with a hard stone
ويروى: (جوب لها بحبل هرشم ... )
And it is narrated: (Dig for it with a soft rope...)
قال ثعلب: معناه رخو غزير، أي: في جبل.
Tha'lab said: its meaning is soft and abundant, meaning: in a mountain.