س ه م

Root entry · 25 derived lemmas

The root س ه م (s-h-m) primarily relates to division, allocation, and fate, often through drawing lots. It extends to concepts of arrows, shares, and portions, as well as physical states like paleness, emaciation, and weariness.

Derived headwords

السهمnoun

1.
lot, shareboth
A portion or share, especially one obtained by drawing lots, originally from gambling arrows.
2.
arrowboth
A projectile shot from a bow, consisting of a shaft, fletching, and a head.
3.
measurementclassical
A specific measure, approximately six cubits, used in trade and land surveying.
4.
trapclassical
A stone placed at the entrance of a pit trap designed to catch lions, which falls to block the entrance once the animal enters.

كان له سهم من الغنيمة شهد أو غاب — He had a share of the spoils whether he was present or absent.

السهم: واحد النبل — The arrow: the singular of arrows.

سهمانnoun

1.
lots, sharesboth
Plural of سهم (s-h-m), referring to portions or shares, particularly those determined by drawing lots.

ما أدري ما السهمان — I do not know what the lots are.

فلقد رأيتنا نستفيء سهمانها — We saw ourselves seeking refuge in its shares.

أسهمnoun

1.
lots, sharesboth
Plural of سهم (s-h-m), referring to portions or shares, particularly those determined by drawing lots.
2.
arrowsboth
Plural of سهم (s-h-m), referring to arrows.

سهامnoun

1.
lots, sharesboth
Plural of سهم (s-h-m), referring to portions or shares, particularly those determined by drawing lots.
2.
arrowsboth
Plural of سهم (s-h-m), referring to arrows.
3.
devil's salivaclassical
A substance attributed to demons.
4.
heat of summerclassical
The intense heat and dust of the summer season.
5.
emaciation, discolorationclassical
A state of physical decline, loss of color, and withered lips.
6.
disease of camelsclassical
An ailment that affects camels.

وأرض تعزف الجنان فيها ... فيافيها يطير بها السهام — And a land where jinn play in its plains, and the devil's saliva flies with them.

كأنا على أولاد أحقب لاحها ... ورمي السفا أنفاسها بسهام — As if we were on the young of a camel, whose breaths were scorched by the wind and the summer heat.

سهمverb

1.
to draw lotsboth
To participate in a drawing of lots to determine a share or outcome.
2.
to be affected by summer heatclassical
To be struck or afflicted by the intense heat of summer.
3.
to change color, to become paleclassical
To undergo a change in facial color, often due to distress, illness, or emaciation.

ساهم الرجل: إذا أصابه ذلك، أي: وهج الصيف — The man was affected: if the summer heat struck him.

سهم الرجل كعني: إذا أصابه ذلك، أي: وهج الصيف — The man was affected as if he were ill: if the summer heat struck him.

وقد سهم الرجل كم منع وكرم سهوماً بالضم فيهما: إذا تغير لونه عن حاله لعارض — And the man's color changed as if he were weak or generous, with a change in color in both cases: if his color changed from its state due to an incident.

السهمةnoun

1.
kinshipclassical
A blood relation or familial connection.
2.
share, portionboth
A part or share in a matter or affair.

وقد يوصل النازح النائي وقد ... يقطع ذو السهمة القريب — The distant one may be reached, and yet the one with kinship may cut off the near one.

لي في هذا الأمر سهمة أي: نصيب وحظ من أثر كان لي — I have a share in this matter, meaning: a portion and a lot from a past influence I had.

سهامnoun

1.
valleyclassical
A specific valley in Yemen, after which a gate in the city of Zabid is named.
2.
emaciation, discolorationclassical
A state of physical decline, loss of color, and withered lips.

تصيفت نعمان واصيفت ... جنوب سهام إلى سردد — We spent the summer in Nu'man and the south of Siham towards Sardad.

ساهمadjective

1.
pale-faced, changed in colorboth
Having a face that has lost its color, often due to hardship or distress.
2.
emaciated, witheredclassical
Physically weakened and gaunt, with a diminished appearance.

دخل علي ساهم الوجه — He entered upon me with a pale face.

والخيل ساهمة الوجوه كأنما ... يسقى فوارسها نقيع الحنظل — And the horses had pale faces as if their riders were being given bitter potion.

مسهمadjective

1.
striped, patternedclassical
Adorned with stripes or patterns resembling arrows.
2.
emaciated, weakenedclassical
Physically weakened or emaciated.

فلما رأينا العرض أحوج ساعة ... إلى الصون من ريط يمان مسهم — When we saw the عرض (garment) needing protection more than a striped Yemeni garment.

أنه كان يصلي في برد مسهم — That he used to pray in a striped cloak.

مسهمadjective

1.
inferior (horse)classical
A mixed-breed horse that receives a lesser share of spoils compared to a purebred.

مسهمadjective

1.
consumed by loveclassical
A person whose body or mind is greatly affected by love.

أسهمverb

1.
to talk excessivelyclassical
To speak at length, often to the point of being verbose.

أسهم الرجل فهو مسهم كأسهب فهو مسهب زنة ومعنى — The man became verbose, and he is verbose, similar in form and meaning to 'as-haba'.

ساهمname

1.
a horse's nameclassical
The name of a horse belonging to the tribe of Kindah.

استهمverb

1.
to draw lotsboth
To cast lots with another person.

استهم الرجلان: تقارعا — The two men drew lots: they cast lots.

تساهمverb

1.
to draw lotsboth
To cast lots with another person.

تساهم الرجلان: تقارعا — The two men drew lots: they cast lots.

ساهمverb

1.
to draw lotsboth
To draw lots with a group of people.

ساهم القوم فسهمهم سهماً: قارعهم فقرعهم — The people drew lots, and he drew lots from them: he cast lots with them and won.

سهومnoun

1.
frowning, gloominessclassical
A somber or troubled expression on the face, often due to worry.

إن أكن موثقا لكسرى أسيرًا ... في هموم وكربة وسهوم — If I am imprisoned by Khosrow ... in worries, distress, and gloom.

السهومnoun

1.
soaring eagleclassical
A bird of prey that flies high in the sky.

سهم الراميname

1.
archer's starclassical
A specific star, likely referring to one in a constellation associated with archery.

ذو السهمname

1.
Mu'awiyah ibn 'Amirclassical
A title given to Mu'awiyah ibn 'Amir because he used to give his share to his companions.

ذو السهمينname

1.
Kurz ibn al-Harithclassical
A title given to Kurz ibn al-Harith al-Laythi.

مسهمnoun

1.
striped clothclassical
A garment characterized by stripes or patterns resembling arrows.

بالأشيمين يمان فيه تسهيم — In Al-Ashaymayn, a Yemeni garment with stripes.

سهيمname

1.
a man's nameclassical
A proper name for a man.

أساهمname

1.
a place nameclassical
A location situated between Mecca and Medina.

نظرت وهرشى بيننا وبصاقها ... فركن كساب فالصوى من أساهم — I looked, and between us and its spitting ... was a corner like Qassab, then the stones from Asahim.

سهمname

1.
a tribal nameclassical
The name of a tribe or a descendant of a tribal ancestor.

وفي قيس عيلان: سهم بن مرة بن عوف بن سعد — And among Qays 'Aylan: Sahm ibn Murrah ibn 'Awf ibn Sa'd.

Parallel reading

السهم: الحظ ج: سهمان وسهمة بضمهما

The lot: the share, plural: sahaman and sahmah, with both prefixed by dammah.

كان له سهم من الغنيمة شهد أو غاب

He had a share of the spoils whether he was present or absent.

السهم في الأصل القدح الذي يقارع به في الميسر، ثم سمي به ما يفوز به الفالج سهمه، ثم كثر حتى سمي كل نصيب سهما

The lot (saham) originally was the arrow with which one gambled in maisir (a game of chance), then what the winner obtained was named his saham, then it became common until every portion was called a saham.

السهم: واحد النبل وهو مركب النصل

The arrow: the singular of projectiles, which is the assembled shaft and head.

والسهم: جائز البيت

And the saham: the lintel of the house.

والسهم: مقدار ست أذرع في معاملات الناس ومساحاتهم

And the saham: a measure of six cubits in people's dealings and their surveys.

والسهم: حجر يجعل على باب بيت يبنى ليصاد فيه الأسد، فإذا دخله وقع الحجر على الباب فسده

And the saham: a stone placed at the door of a house built to trap a lion, so when it enters, the stone falls on the door and blocks it.

والسهمة بالضم: القرابة

And the sahmah (with dammah): kinship.

والسهامة: النصيب

And the sahmah: the portion.

والسهام كسحاب: مخاط الشيطان

And the saham (like sahāb): the devil's saliva.

والسهام أيضا: حر السموم ووهج الصيف وغبراته

And the saham (plural) also: the heat of the scorching wind and the blaze of summer and its dust.

وقد سهم الرجل كعني: إذا أصابه ذلك، أي: وهج الصيف

And the man was affected (as if ill): if that struck him, meaning: the heat of summer.

وسهام ككتاب: واد باليمن لعك

And Siham (like kitāb): a valley in Yemen belonging to 'Akk.

والسهام كسحاب: الضمر والتغير في اللون وذبول الشفتين

And the saham (like sahāb): emaciation and change in color and wilting of the lips.

وقد سهم الرجل كم منع وكرم سهوما بالضم فيهما: إذا تغير لونه عن حاله لعارض

And the man's color changed as if he were weak or generous, with a change in color in both cases: if his color changed from its state due to an incident.

وفي الحديث: " دخل علي ساهم الوجه " أي: متغيره

And in the hadith: 'He entered upon me with a pale face,' meaning: his color had changed.

والسهام: داء يصيب الإبل

And the saham: a disease that afflicts camels.

وبعير مسهوم: إذا أصابه السهام

And a camel afflicted with sahm: if the sahm (disease) struck it.

والسهوم بالضم: العبوس عبوس الوجه من الهم

And the suhum (with dammah): frowning, a facial expression of worry.

والسهوم بالفتح: العقاب الطأئر

And the sahum (with fatha): the soaring eagle.

وسهم الرامي: كوكب

And the archer's saham: a star.

وذو السهم: لقب معاوية بن عامر؛ لأنه كان يعطي سهمه أصحابه

And Dhu al-Sahm: the title of Mu'awiyah ibn 'Amir; because he used to give his share to his companions.

والمسهم كم معظم: البرد المخطط

And al-musahham (like mu'azzam): the striped cloak.

وفي حديث جابر: " أنه كان يصلي في برد مسهم "، أي: مخطط فيه وشي كالسهام

And in the hadith of Jabir: 'He used to pray in a striped cloak,' meaning: patterned with embroidery like arrows.

والمسهم كمكرم: الفرس الهجين يعطى دون سهم العتيق من الغنيمة

And al-musahham (like mukram): the mixed-breed horse given a lesser share than the purebred from the spoils.

ورجل مسهم الجسم: ذاهبه في الحب

And a man whose body is musahham: consumed by love.

وأسهم الرجل فهو مسهم كأسهب فهو مسهب زنة ومعنى أي: إذا كثر كلامه

And the man became verbose, and he is musahhim, similar in form and meaning to 'as-haba', meaning: if his speech became excessive.

واستهم الرجلان: تقارعا

And the two men drew lots: they cast lots.

وتساهم الرجلان: تقارعا

And the two men drew lots: they cast lots.

وساهم القوم فسهمهم سهما: قارعهم فقرعهم

And the people drew lots, and he drew lots from them: he cast lots with them and won.

وقوله تعالى: {فساهم فكان من المدحضين}

And His saying, the Almighty: {So he cast lots and was among the defeated}.

والسهام بالضم: تغير اللون لغة في الفتح

And al-suhum (with dammah): a variant pronunciation for the change of color, a dialectal variation of the fatha pronunciation.

وسهم الرجل كعني فهو مسهوم إذا ضمر، وقيل: أصابه السهام

And the man became sahm (as if ill), so he is mashoom if he emaciated, and it was said: the sahm (disease) struck him.

وفي حديث ابن عباس في ذكر الخوارج: " مسهمة وجوههم "

And in the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas concerning the Khawarij: 'Their faces are pale/emaciated'.

وفرس ساهم الوجه: محمول على كريهة الجري، وكذلك الرجل إذا حمل كريهة في الحرب

And a horse with a pale face: driven to endure difficult running, and likewise a man if he endures hardship in war.

وأساهم - بالضم وكسر الهاء: موضع بين مكة والمدينة

And Asahim - with dammah and kasrah on the ha: a place between Mecca and Medina.