س ق م

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of illness, sickness, and disease. It extends to describe the state of being ill, the act of causing illness, and figuratively, negative or corrupted states of abstract concepts.

Derived headwords

السُّقْمُnoun

1.
illnessboth
The state of being sick or diseased.
2.
sicknessboth
A particular disease or ailment.

سَقِمَverb

1.
to be illboth
To suffer from sickness or disease.

سَقَمٌnoun

1.
illnessboth
The state of being sick or diseased.

سَقَامٌnoun

1.
illnessesboth
Plural of sickness or disease.

سَقِيمٌadjective

1.
illboth
Suffering from sickness or disease.
2.
sicklyboth
Having a tendency to be ill.

{إني سقيم} — "Indeed, I am ill"

سُقَّامٌnoun

1.
valleyclassical
A specific valley in the Hijaz region, named Suqam.

أمسى سقام خلاء لا أنيس به ... إلا السباع ومر الريح بالغرف — Suqam became desolate, with no inhabitant... except for wild beasts and the passing wind over the high ground.

سُقْمَانٌname

1.
A'amclassical
A place name, likely a valley or location.

السَّوْقَمُnoun

1.
treeclassical
A type of large tree resembling the Athl tree but taller and narrower, with a fig-like fruit.

السَّقْمُونِيَاnoun

1.
scammonymodern
A plant from which a sticky, purgative substance is extracted, known for its strong effect on the stomach and intestines.

أسْقَمَverb

1.
to make illboth
To cause someone to become sick or diseased.

أسقمه الداء إسقاماً — The illness made him ill.

سَقَّمَverb

1.
to make illboth
To cause someone to become sick or diseased.

خامرها منها على عدواء الدار تسقيم — It mixed with her from the vicinity of the dwelling, causing illness.

مِسْقَامٌadjective

1.
frequently illboth
A person who is often sick.

سَقِيمُ الصَّدْرِphrase

1.
resentfulclassical
Figuratively, someone who harbors malice or resentment.

وهو سقيم الصدر عليه — And he is resentful towards him.

Parallel reading

السُّقْمُ كَسَحَابٍ، وَلَوْ خَلَاهُ عَلَى إِطْلَاقِهِ كَانَ كَافِيًا فِي الضَّبْطِ

As-suqm (illness) is like Sahab (clouds); and if it were left as is, it would have been sufficient for pronunciation.

وَالسُّقْمُ مِثْلُ جَبَلٍ وَقُفْلٍ: المَرَضُ

And as-suqm, like jabal and qufl, means illness.

وَقَدْ سَقِمَ كَفَرِحَ وَكَرُمَ

And he became ill, like faraha and karuma.

وَعَلَى الأُولَى اقْتَصَرَ الجَوْهَرِيُّ سَقَمًا وَسَقَامَةً وَسُقَامًا

And Al-Jauhari limited himself to the first [pattern] for the masdar: saqaman, saqamatan, and suqaman.

فَهُوَ سَقِيمٌ

So he is ill.

وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى حِكَايَةً عَنْ سَيِّدِنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: {إِنِّي سَقِيمٌ}

And from it is His saying, Exalted be He, recounting from our master Abraham, peace be upon him: {Indeed, I am ill}.

قَالَ بَعْضُ المُفَسِّرِينَ: مَعْنَاهُ إِنِّي طَعِينٌ

Some commentators said: Its meaning is that I am afflicted with a plague.

وَقِيلَ مَعْنَاهُ سَأَسْقَمُ فِيمَا أَسْتَقْبِلُ إِذَا حَانَ الأَجَلُ

And it was said its meaning is: I will become ill in the future when the appointed time comes.

وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ اسْتَدَلَّ بِالنَّظَرِ إِلَى النُّجُومِ عَلَى وَقْتِ حُمَّى كَانَتْ تَأْتِيهِ

And it was said: He inferred by looking at the stars the time of a fever that used to come to him.

وَقِيلَ: أَرَادَ إِنِّي سَقِيمٌ مِنْ عِبَادَتِكُمْ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى

And it was said: He meant, I am sick of your worship of other than Allah, the Almighty.

وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهَا إِحْدَى كَذَبَاتِهِ الثَّلَاثِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، وَكُلُّهَا كَانَتْ مِنْ ذَاتِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَمُكَابَدَةً عَنْ دِينِهِ

And the correct view is that it is one of his three lies, peace be upon him, all of which were for the sake of Allah the Almighty and enduring hardship for his religion.

ج سِقَامٌ كَكِتَابٍ

Plural is siqam, like kitab.

قَالَ سِيبَوَيْهِ: جَاؤُوا بِهِ عَلَى فِعَالٍ

Sibawayh said: They brought it in the pattern of fiaal.

قَالَ ابْنُ سِيدَهْ: يَذْهَبُ سِيبَوَيْهِ إِلَى الإِشْعَارِ بِأَنَّهُ كَسْرُ تِكْسِيرِ فَاعِلٍ

Ibn Sidah said: Sibawayh tends to indicate that it is a broken plural of fa'il.

وَسُقَامٌ كَغُرَابٍ: اسْمُ وَادٍ بِالحِجَازِ لَهُذَيْلٍ

And Suqam, like ghuraab, is the name of a valley in the Hijaz belonging to the Hudhayl tribe.

وَقَدْ يُفْتَحُ

And it may be opened (the first letter).

وَالسَّوْقَمُ: شَجَرٌ يُشْبِهُ الخِلَافَ وَلَيْسَ بِهِ

And as-sawqam is a tree that resembles the poplar but is not it.

وَقَالَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ: شَجَرٌ عِظَامٌ مِثْلُ الأَثْأَبِ سَوَاءً

And Abu Hanifa said: Large trees, exactly like the Athl tree.

غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ أَطْوَلُ مِنْهُ وَأَقَلُّ عَرْضًا

Except that it is taller than it and less wide.

وَإِذَا كَانَ أَخْضَرَ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ حَجَرٌ صَلَابَةً

And when it is green, it is like stone in hardness.

فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَ اصْفَرَّ شَيْئًا وَلَانَ وَحَلَا حَلَاوَةً شَدِيدَةً

If it ripens, it becomes somewhat yellowish, softens, and is intensely sweet.

وَهُوَ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ يَتَهَادَى

And it has a pleasant fragrance and is easily carried.

وَالسَّقْمُونِيَا: يُونَانِيَّةٌ أَوْ سُرْيَانِيَّةٌ كَمَا فِي المِصْبَاحِ: نَبَاتٌ يُسْتَخْرَجُ مِنْ تَجَاوِيفِهِ رُطُوبَةٌ دَبِقَةٌ وَتُجَفَّفُ

And as-saqmunia: is Greek or Syriac, as in Al-Misbah: a plant from whose cavities a sticky moisture is extracted and dried.

وَتُدْعَى بِاسْمِ نَبَاتِهَا أَيْضًا مُضَادَّتُهَا لِلْمَعِدَةِ، وَالأَحْشَاءِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ المُسَهِّلَاتِ

And it is also called by the name of its plant due to its antagonism towards the stomach and intestines, more so than all laxatives.

وَتُصْلَحُ بِالأَشْيَاءِ العَطِرَةِ كَالفُلْفُلِ وَالزَّنْجَبِيلِ وَالأَنِيسُونِ سِتُّ شُعَيْرَاتٍ مِنْهَا إِلَى عِشْرِينَ شُعَيْرَةً، يُسَهِّلُ المَرَّةَ الصَّفْرَاءَ وَاللَّزَاجَاتِ الرَّدِيئَةَ مِنْ أَقَاصِي البَدَنِ

And it is corrected with aromatic substances like pepper, ginger, and anise; six to twenty small strands of it facilitate the yellow bile and bad viscous humors from the extremities of the body.

وَاسْتِعْمَالُ جُزْءٍ مِنْهُ بِجُزْءٍ مِنْ تِرْبَذٍ فِي حَلِيبٍ عَلَى الرِّيقِ لَا يَتْرُكُ فِي البَطْنِ دُودَةً، عَجِيبٌ فِي ذَلِكَ مُجَرَّبٌ

And using a part of it with a part of تربذ in milk on an empty stomach leaves no worms in the belly; it is wondrous in this regard and tested.

أَسْقَمَهُ الدَّاءُ إِسْقَامًا: أَمْرَضَهُ

The illness made him ill (isqaman): it sickened him.

وَسَقَّمَهُ تَسْقِيمًا كَذَلِكَ

And saqqamahu tasqiman likewise.

هَامَ الفُؤَادُ بِذِكْرَاهَا وَخَامَرَهَا ... مِنْهَا عَلَى عَدْوَاءِ الدَّارِ تَسْقِيمٌ

The heart wandered with its remembrance, and it mixed with her... from it, upon the path of the dwelling, comes illness.

وَالمِسْقَامُ كَالسَّقِيمِ

And al-misqam is like as-saqim.

هُوَ الكَثِيرُ السُّقْمِ

He is the one with much illness.

وَالأُنْثَى مِسْقَامٌ أَيْضًا

And the female is also misqam.

وَأَسْقَمَ الرَّجُلُ: سَقِمَ أَهْلُهُ وَتَرَادَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ الأَسْقَامُ

And a man became asqama: his family became ill and illnesses followed one another upon him.

وَرَجُلٌ سَقِيمٌ مُسَقَّمٌ: سَقِمَ هُوَ وَأَهْلُهُ

And a saqim musaqqam man: he and his family are ill.

وَقَلْبٌ سَقِيمٌ

And a sick heart.

وَكَلامٌ سَقِيمٌ

And corrupt speech.

وَفَهْمٌ سَقِيمٌ

And flawed understanding.

وَهُوَ سَقِيمُ الصَّدْرِ عَلَيْهِ

And he is resentful towards him.