ب ه م

Root entry · 29 derived lemmas

The root ب ه م (B-H-M) primarily relates to animals, particularly young livestock, and by extension, to things that are undifferentiated, unclear, or difficult to discern. It also extends to concepts of bravery and obscurity.

Derived headwords

البَهِيمَةnoun

1.
animalboth
Any four-legged creature, even if aquatic, or any living being that cannot distinguish.
2.
livestockclassical
Specifically refers to cattle and sheep, as in the Quranic verse 'Allowed for you are the animals of livestock'.

البُهْمَةnoun

1.
young animalboth
The young of sheep and goats, male or female, and also young cattle or wild animals.
2.
difficultyboth
A severe hardship or a perplexing matter that is difficult to navigate.
3.
brave personclassical
A brave warrior or knight whose approach is difficult to discern due to their ferocity.
4.
solid rockclassical
A dense, solid rock.
5.
armyclassical
A large group of warriors, particularly brave ones.

بُهْمَةnoun

1.
young sheep/goatboth
A young sheep or goat, especially when newly born.

بُهْمnoun

1.
young animalsboth
Plural of بهمة (bahmah), referring to young sheep, goats, or cattle.
2.
brave warriorsclassical
Plural of بهمة (bahmah), referring to brave fighters.
3.
difficult mattersclassical
Plural of بهمة (bahmah), referring to perplexing or difficult situations.

بِهَامnoun

1.
young animalsboth
A collective plural for young animals, often referring to young sheep and goats.
2.
young cattleclassical
Specifically refers to young cattle.

بَهَامnoun

1.
young animalsboth
A collective noun for young animals, particularly sheep and goats.

بَهَمَاتnoun

1.
young animalsclassical
A plural of plural for young animals.

الأَبْهَمadjective

1.
undifferentiatedclassical
Lacking distinguishing marks or features, similar to 'mute' or 'unclear'.
2.
solidclassical
Solid, without any cracks or openings.

اسْتَبْهَمَverb

1.
to become unclearboth
For something, like speech or a matter, to become obscure, ambiguous, or incomprehensible.
2.
to be unable to speakclassical
To be unable to speak or articulate due to confusion or difficulty.

البُهْمَةnoun

1.
hardshipclassical
A severe trial or difficult situation.

بُهْمَةnoun

1.
brave warriorclassical
A brave and formidable fighter.

بُهْمَةnoun

1.
armyclassical
A group of brave warriors.

بَهَّمُواverb

1.
to isolate young animalsclassical
To separate young animals from their mothers for individual care.
2.
to stayclassical
To remain in a place without leaving.

أَبْهَمَverb

1.
to obscureboth
To make something unclear, ambiguous, or difficult to understand.
2.
to excludeclassical
To remove or set someone aside from a matter.

أَبْهَمَverb

1.
to grow 'buḥmā'classical
For land to produce the plant known as 'buḥmā'.

البُهْمَىnoun

1.
a plantboth
A specific type of plant, known for its nutritional value when green and its thorny nature when dry.

أَرْضٌ بُهْمَةadjective

1.
abundant in 'buḥmā'classical
Land that is plentifully covered with the plant 'buḥmā'.

المُبْهَمadjective

1.
lockedclassical
A door that is locked and difficult to open.
2.
solidclassical
Solid, without any distinguishing marks or features.
3.
unspecifiedclassical
That which is not clearly defined or specified, particularly in religious rulings.

البَهِيمadjective

1.
blackboth
Intensely black, without any other color mixed in.
2.
undistinguishedboth
Lacking any distinguishing marks or features, especially in horses.
3.
pureclassical
Pure and unmixed in color.

البَهِيمnoun

1.
black horseclassical
A horse that is entirely black.
2.
black sheepclassical
A black ewe without any white markings.

بُهْمnoun

1.
black thingsclassical
Plural of بهيم (bahīm), referring to black animals or things.

بُهْمnoun

1.
sound without resonanceclassical
A sound that lacks reverberation or echo.

بُهْمًاadverb

1.
undifferentiatedclassical
In a state of being undifferentiated, lacking worldly attributes or afflictions.

البَهَائِمnoun

1.
mountainsclassical
A name for mountains located in the region of Al-Ḥimā.
2.
landclassical
A name for a piece of land.

ذُو الأَبَاهِيمname

1.
poetclassical
A poet named Zayd al-Qaṭīʿī.

الإِبْهَامnoun

1.
thumbboth
The largest finger on the hand, located next to the index finger.
2.
big toeboth
The largest toe on the foot.

أَبَاهِيمnoun

1.
thumbsclassical
Plural of إبهام (ibham), referring to thumbs.

سَعْد البُهَامname

1.
lunar mansionclassical
A name for one of the lunar mansions.

الأسماء المُبْهَمَةnoun

1.
demonstrativesclassical
Demonstrative pronouns used in grammar, such as 'this' or 'that'.
2.
uninflected wordsclassical
Words that have no derivation and whose origins are unknown.

Parallel reading

كل ذات أربع قوائم ولو في الماء

Every four-legged creature, even if in water.

أو كل حي لا يميز

Or every living being that cannot distinguish.

أحلت لكم بهيمة الأنعم

Allowed for you are the animals of livestock.

الصغير من أولاد الغنم الضأن والمعز والبقر

The young of sheep, goats, and cattle.

عداني أن أزورك أن بهمي ... عجايا كلها إلا قليلا

What prevented me from visiting you is that my young goats are all difficult except a few.

يقال لأولاد الغنم ساعة تضعها من الضأن والمعز جميعا ذكرا كان أو أنثى: سخلة، وجمعها: سخال، ثم هي البهمة للذكر والأنثى

The young of sheep and goats, male or female, immediately after birth are called 'sakhla', plural 'sikhāl', then they are called 'bahmah' for both male and female.

وإذا اجتمعت البهام والسخال قلت لها جميعا: بهام

And if the 'bihām' (young animals) and 'sikhāl' (newborns) gather, you call them all 'bihām'.

لأن الغذي السخلة

Because 'ghudhi' is a young sheep/goat.

ما ولدت؟ قال: بهمة، قال: اذبح مكانها شاة

What did it give birth to? He said: A young animal. He said: Slaughter a sheep in its place.

ترى الحفاة العراة رعاء الإبل والبهم يتطاولون في البنيان

You will see the barefoot, naked shepherds of camels and sheep stretching their buildings tall.

استبهم عليه الكلام؛ أي: استعجم فلم يقدر على الكلام

The speech became unclear to him; meaning, it became incomprehensible and he was unable to speak.

استبهم عليه الأمر؛ أي: أرتج عليه، وهو مجاز

The matter became obscure to him; meaning, he was struck speechless, which is metaphorical.

وقعت في بهمة لا يتجه لها

He fell into a difficulty from which there was no clear way out.

هو الفارس الذي لا يهتدى من أين يؤتى

He is the knight whose approach is not known.

رجل بهمة: إذا كان لا يثنى عن شيء أراده

A man is 'bahmah' if he is not deterred from what he intends.

فولان فارس بهمة وليث غابة

So-and-so is a brave knight and a lion of the forest.

ولبهمة شديد نواحيها على من تشجعا

And for a formidable force whose sides are severe against those who dare.

بهموا البهم تبهيما: إذا أفردوه عن أمهاته فرعوه وحده

They separated the young animals from their mothers for individual care.

وبهما بالمكان تبهيما أي: أقاموا به ولم يبرحوه

And they stayed in the place, not leaving it.

أبهم الأمر إبهاما: اشتبه فلم يدر كيف يؤتى له، كاستبهم

The matter was made obscure, meaning it became ambiguous and unclear how to approach it, like 'istabham'.

أبهم فلانا عن الأمر: إذا نحاه

He excluded someone from the matter, meaning he pushed him aside.

أنبتت البهمى

It produced the plant 'buḥmā'.

البهمى: من أحرار البقول رطبا ويابسا

Al-Buḥmā: among the noble herbs, fresh or dry.

البهمى نبت تجد به الغنم وجدا شديدا ما دام أخضر، فإذا يبس هر شوكه وامتنع

Al-Buḥmā is a plant that sheep find very desirable as long as it is green; when it dries, its thorns emerge and it becomes unpalatable.

البهمى يكون واحدا وجمعا، وألفها للتأنيث

Al-Buḥmā can be singular or plural, and its alif is for feminine indication.

رعت بارض البهمى جميما وبسرة وصمعاء حتى آنفتها نصالها

They grazed on the land of Buḥmā, eating 'jamīm' and 'basra' and 'ṣamʿā' until its thorns made them turn away.

المغلق من الأبواب لا يهتدى لفتحه

The locked door, whose opening is not discerned.

وقد أبهمه، أي: أغلقه وسده

And he locked it, meaning he closed and sealed it.

فهزمت ظهر السلام الأبهم

So I broke the back of the solid peace.

أي: الذي لا صدع فيه

Meaning, that which has no crack in it.

قلب الكافر مصمت لا يتخلله وعظ ولا إنذار

The heart of the disbeliever is solid, not penetrated by admonishment or warning.

المحرمات: ما لا يحل بوجه ولا سبب

The forbidden things: that which is not permissible by any means or reason.

أبهموا ما أبهم الله

Leave as ambiguous what Allah has left ambiguous.

هذا كله يسمى التحريم المبهم؛ لأنه لا يحل بوجه من الوجوه ولا بسبب من الأسباب

All of this is called ambiguous prohibition; because it is not permissible by any means or for any reason.

كالبهيم من ألوان الخيل الذي لا شية فيه تخالف معظم لونه

Like the undifferentiated color of horses, which has no mark that contradicts its main color.

فأمهات نسائكم حرمن عليكم من جميع الجهات

So your wives' mothers are forbidden to you from all aspects.

والربائب هنا لسن من المبهمات، لأن لهن وجهين مبينين أحللن في أحدهما وحرمن في الآخر

And stepdaughters here are not among the ambiguous matters, because they have two clear aspects: permissible in one and forbidden in the other.

والحفاة العراة رعاء الإبل البهم

And the barefoot, naked shepherds of the black camels.

أي: المصمت الذي لا يخالط لونه لون غيره

Meaning: the solid one whose color is not mixed with any other color.

والأسود البهيم كأنه من ساسم

And the intensely black, as if it were from 'sāsim'.

النعجة السوداء التي لا بياض فيها

The black ewe that has no white in it.

يحشر الناس يوم القيامة حفاة عراة غرلا بهما

People will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection barefoot, naked, uncircumcised, and undifferentiated.

أي: ليس بهم شيء مما كان في الدنيا من الأمراض والعاهات

Meaning: they have nothing of the diseases and afflictions that were in the world.

ولكنها أجساد مبهمة مصححة لخلود الأبد

But they are undifferentiated bodies, made healthy for eternal life.

البهائم: جبال بالحمى على لون واحد

Al-Bahā'im: mountains in Al-Ḥimā of a single color.

بكى خشرم لما رأى ذا معارك أتى دونه والهضب هضب البهائم

Khashram wept when he saw Dhu Ma'ārik, which was approached by the slopes of Al-Bahā'im.

ذو الأباهيم: زيد القطعي شاعر

Dhu al-Abāhīm: Zayd al-Qaṭīʿī, a poet.

الإبهام: العظمى، معروفة مؤنثة

The thumb: the largest finger, known and feminine.

الإبهام: الإصبع الكبرى التي تلي المسبحة، ولها مفصلان، سميت: لأنها تبهم الكف، أي: تطبق عليها

The thumb: the largest finger next to the index finger, with two joints, named so because it covers the palm, meaning it closes upon it.

إذا رأوني أطال الله غيظهم عضوا من الغيظ أطراف الأباهيم

When they see me, may Allah prolong their anger, they bite the tips of their thumbs out of rage.

فقد شهدت قيس فما كان نصرها قتيبة إلا عضها بالأباهم

Qays witnessed, and Qutaybah's victory was nothing but biting its thumbs.

الأسماء المبهمة: أسماء الإشارات عند النحاة

Ambiguous names: demonstrative pronouns according to grammarians.

الحروف المبهمة التي لا اشتقاق لها ولا تعرف لها أصول

Uninflected letters that have no derivation and whose origins are unknown.