ءث م

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns sin, wrongdoing, and the consequences thereof. It extends to concepts like transgression, guilt, and punishment, with specific applications to intoxicants and gambling. Derived terms also denote those who commit sins or are associated with them.

Derived headwords

الإِثْمnoun

1.
sinboth
A transgression or wrongdoing, considered more general than ' عدوان' (aggression). It refers to an act that hinders one from reward.
2.
intoxicantclassical
Specifically refers to wine or intoxicants, which can lead to a loss of reason.
3.
gamblingclassical
Refers to gambling, which involves wasting one's wealth.
4.
unlawful actclassical
An act that is not permissible for a person to do.

أَثِمَverb

1.
to fall into sinboth
To commit a sin or fall into wrongdoing.

إِثْمًاnoun

1.
sinboth
The act or state of sinning; guilt.

مَأْثَمًاnoun

1.
place of sinclassical
A place or state associated with sin.

آثَمَverb

1.
to cause to sinclassical
To cause someone to fall into sin or wrongdoing.

آثِمadjective

1.
sinfulboth
One who commits sin; guilty.

أَثِيمadjective

1.
sinfulboth
One who habitually commits sin; guilty.
2.
liarclassical
A person who tells lies.

أَثَامnoun

1.
punishmentboth
The recompense or punishment for sin.
2.
valley in hellclassical
A specific place or valley within Hell.

أَثُومadjective

1.
very sinfulclassical
One who is excessively sinful or prone to sin.
2.
liarclassical
A person who tells lies.

أَثِمَverb

1.
to count as sinclassical
To consider or reckon an act as a sin against someone.

مَأْثُومadjective

1.
punished for sinclassical
One who is punished or recompensed for their sins.

آثَمَهُverb

1.
to cause to fall into sinclassical
To make someone commit a sin or fall into error.

تَأْثِيمnoun

1.
sinclassical
The act of sinning or causing sin.

تَأَثَّمَverb

1.
to repent from sinclassical
To turn away from sin through repentance and seeking forgiveness.
2.
to avoid sinclassical
To perform an action that leads one out of sin or avoids it.

الأَثَامnoun

1.
punishmentboth
The recompense or punishment for sin.
2.
valley in hellclassical
A specific place or valley within Hell.

المَأْثَمnoun

1.
sinclassical
An act that hinders one from reward; sin.

المُؤَاثِمadjective

1.
one who lies in travelclassical
Someone who tells falsehoods while traveling.

نُوقٌ آثِمَاتnoun

1.
slow camelsclassical
Camels that are slow or hindered in their movement.

Parallel reading

الإثم، بالكسر: الذنب

Al-ithm, with kasra: the sin.

هو أعم من العدوان

It is more general than aggression.

هو فعل مبطىء عن الثواب

It is an act that slows one down from reward.

والإثم والبغي

And sin and transgression.

الإثم: ما دون الحد

Al-ithm: that which is less than the prescribed limit.

الإثم: الخمر

Al-ithm: wine.

شربت الإثم حتى ضل عقلي

I drank the intoxicant until my mind wandered.

الإثم: القمار

Al-ithm: gambling.

قل فيهما إثم كبير ومنافع للناس

Say, 'In them is great sin and [many] benefits for people.'

أن يعمل ما لا يحل له

To do what is not permissible for him.

أثم، كعلم، يأثم إثما، كعلم، ومأثما: وقع في الإثم

Athima, like 'alima, ya'thamu ithman, like 'alima, and ma'thaman: to fall into sin.

لو قلت ما في قومها لم تيثم

If I said there was no one superior to her in her people, I would not be sinning.

فهو آثم وأثيم وأثام، كشداد، وأثوم

So he is a sinner (aathim), and sinful (atheem), and a great sinner (athaam), like shidad, and very sinful (athoom).

أثمه الله تعالى في كذا، كمنعه ونصره: عده عليه إثما

Allah counted it as a sin against him in such-and-such, like man'ahu and nasarahu.

أثمه الله في كذا يأثمه ويأثمه: عده عليه إثما

Athama-hu Allah in such-and-such, ya'thimuhu and ya'thimuhu: He counted it as a sin against him.

فهو مأثوم

So he is one who is punished for sin.

عاقبه بالإثم

He punished him with sin.

أثمه الله يأثمه إثما وأثاما: جازاه جزاء الإثم

Athama-hu Allah ya'thimuhu ithman wa athaman: He recompensed him with the recompense of sin.

هل يأثمني الله في أن ذكرتها

Will Allah recompense me for my sin because I mentioned her?

آثمه: أوقعه فيه أي: في الإثم

Aathama-hu: He caused him to fall into it, i.e., into sin.

أثمه تأثيما: قال له: أثمت

Aththama-hu ta'theeman: He said to him, 'You have sinned.'

لا لغو فيها ولا تأثيم

No falsehood therein nor sin.

تأثم الرجل: تاب منه أي: من الإثم واستغفر منه

The man ta'aththama: He repented from it, i.e., from sin, and sought forgiveness for it.

فأخبر بها عند موته تأثما

So he informed about it at his death, seeking to avoid sin.

الأثام، كسحاب: واد في جهنم

Al-athaam, like sahaab: a valley in Hell.

الأثام، العقوبة

Al-athaam: the punishment.

ومن يفعل ذلك يلق أثاما

And whoever does that will meet punishment.

كل كفار أثيم

Every persistent disbeliever and sinner.

طعام الأثيم

The food of the sinner.

لا لغو فيها ولا تأثيم

Therein they will hear no vain talk, nor sin.

جمالية تغتلي بالرداف إذا كذب الآثمات الهجيرا

A swift she-camel carrying its load when the slow ones falsify the midday heat.