فضل

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of excess, surplus, superiority, and grace. It extends to notions of doing good, being generous, and excelling. It also covers terms for those who meddle in others' affairs or are in a subordinate position.

Derived headwords

الفضوليadjective

1.
meddlerboth
One who is occupied with matters that do not concern him.
2.
unauthorized agentclassical
In the terminology of jurists, one who is neither an owner, nor an agent, nor a guardian.
3.
tailorclassical
According to Ibn al-A'rabi, a tailor.

الفضالىnoun

1.
benefactorsclassical
Those who bestow favors or are benevolent.

مفضالadjective

1.
very generousboth
A man who is very generous and benevolent towards his people. It can also refer to a woman who is generous and kind.
2.
abundant in virtueclassical
Possessing great virtue or merit.

أفضلتverb

1.
to leave behindboth
To leave something from it or to keep it.

استفضلتverb

1.
to leave behindboth
To leave something from it or to keep it.

الفضلةnoun

1.
remainderboth
The remaining part or surplus of something.

حلف الفضولname

1.
The Oath of the Virtuousclassical
A pre-Islamic alliance formed to uphold justice and protect the oppressed.

مفضولadjective

1.
subordinateboth
One who is overcome or surpassed by others; in a lower position.

الفضلnoun

1.
excessboth
A surplus or an addition; a gain.
2.
virtueboth
Merit, excellence, or grace.

ذات الفضولname

1.
Zat al-Fudulclassical
The name of the Prophet Muhammad's shield, so named because of its spaciousness and superiority.

فضول الغنائمnoun

1.
spoils of war surplusclassical
The portion of spoils of war that remains after distribution.

الفضالnoun

1.
garmentclassical
A single garment that a man wears at home.

فضلnoun

1.
arrogant gaitclassical
A woman who walks with an ostentatious or haughty stride, swinging her train.

مفضلاname

1.
Mufaddalboth
A proper name for a male.

فضالةname

1.
Fudalahboth
A proper name, possibly for a place or person.

فاضلverb

1.
to distinguish betweenboth
To make a distinction between two things or among things.

تتفاضلverb

1.
to differ in degreeboth
Things differ from each other in rank or quality.

فاضلadjective

1.
abundantboth
Abundant; more than enough for sustenance.
2.
virtuousboth
Possessing merit, excellence, or virtue.

فضل الزمامnoun

1.
reins' endboth
The end or extremity of the reins.

استفضلverb

1.
to take excessboth
To take something in excess of one's due right.

الفضلىadjective

1.
feminine of 'most excellent'both
The feminine form of 'al-afdal', meaning 'most excellent' or 'best'.

القاضي الفاضلname

1.
The Virtuous Judgeclassical
A title referring to Abu Ali Abd al-Rahim ibn Ali, a prominent figure.

الملك المفضلname

1.
King Al-Mufaddalclassical
Refers to King Qutb al-Din ibn al-Adil Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ayyub.

Parallel reading

والمفضولي، بالضم: المشتغل بما لا يعنيه

And al-Fuduli, with damma, is one occupied with what does not concern him.

وقال الراغب: الفضول: جمع الفضل، وقد استعمل الجمع استعمال المفرد فيما لا خير فيه

And Al-Raghib said: Al-Fudul is the plural of Al-Fadl, and the plural has been used in the sense of the singular for something without good.

والفضولي في عرف الفقهاء: من ليس بمالك ولا وكيل ولا ولي

And al-Fuduli in the terminology of jurists is one who is neither an owner, nor an agent, nor a guardian.

والفضالى، كسمانى: المتفضلون أي المتطولون

And al-Fudala, like Sumani, means the benefactors, i.e., those who bestow favors.

ورجل مفضال على قومه، وهي بهاء، ذو فضل ومعروف سمح

And a man is Mifdal towards his people, and she is its feminine form, possessing virtue and generosity.

وأفضلت منه الشيء واستفضلت بمعنى واحد، أي تركت منه وأبقيته

And I left something from it (afadaltu) and I left something from it (istafadaltu) with the same meaning, meaning I left it and kept it.

والاسم منهما الفضلة

And the noun from both is Al-Fadlah.

شهدت في دار عبد الله بن جدعان حلفا لو دعيت إلى مثله في الإسلام لأجبت، يعني حلف الفضول

I witnessed in the house of Abdullah bin Jud'an an alliance, and if I were invited to something like it in Islam, I would respond, meaning the Oath of the Virtuous.

سمي بذلك لأنهم تحالفوا أن لا يتركوا عند أحد فضلا يظلمه أحدا إلا أخذوه له منه

It was named so because they allied themselves not to leave any excess (fadlan) with anyone that would oppress someone, except that they would take it for him from him.

وقيل: سمي حلف الفضول لأنه قام به رجال من جرهم كلهم يسمى الفضل

And it was said: The Oath of the Virtuous was named so because men from Jurhum, all of whom were named Al-Fadl, undertook it.

رجل مفضول: مغلوب، قد فضله غيره

A man is mafdul: overcome, others have surpassed him.

ومن قولهم: قد يوجد في المفضول ما لا يوجد في الفاضل

And from their saying: What is not found in the superior may be found in the subordinate.

والفضل، بالضم وبضمتين: مصدران بمعنى الزيادة

And Al-Fadl, with damma and with two dammas, are two masdars meaning increase.

إن لله ملائكة سيارة فضلا أي زيادة على الملائكة المرتبين مع الخلائق

Indeed, Allah has traveling angels as an excess (fadlan), meaning an addition to the angels assigned with the creation.

وذات الفضول، بالضم) ويفتح: اسم درعه صلى الله تعالى عليه وسلم، سميت لفضلة كانت فيها وسعة

And Zat al-Fudul, with damma, and it is opened: is the name of the Prophet's shield, may God's blessings and peace be upon him, named so because of the superiority and spaciousness it possessed.

فضول الغنائم: ما فضل منها حين تقسم

Fudul al-Ghanai'm: what remains from them when they are divided.

والفضال، بالكسر، الثوب الواحد يتفضل به الرجل يلبسه في بيته

And Al-Fiddal, with kasra, is the single garment that a man wears in his home.

امرأة فضل، بضمتين: مختالة تفضل من ذيلها

A woman is Fudul, with two dammas: haughty, swinging her train.

واعلم أن فضلا يستعمل في موضع يستبعد فيه الأدنى ويراد به استحالة ما فوقه

And know that 'fadlan' is used in a context where the lesser is deemed unlikely and the greater is intended to be impossible.

وفاضل بين الشيئين

And he distinguished between the two things.

والأشياء تتفاضل

And things differ in degree.

ومال فلان فاضل: أي كثير: يفضل عن القوت

And so-and-so's wealth is fadhil: meaning abundant: exceeding the sustenance.

وفي يده فضل الزمام: أي طرفه

And in his hand is the fadl of the reins: meaning its end.

واستفضل ألفا: أخذه فاضلا عن حقه

And he took an extra thousand (istafdala alfayn): he took it as an excess beyond his right.

والفضلى، كبشرى: تأنيث الأفضل

And Al-Fudla, like Bushra, is the feminine of Al-Afḍal.