← Back to Taj al-Arus

س ف ك

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the act of pouring, spilling, or shedding liquids, especially blood, tears, or water. It extends metaphorically to the rapid outpouring of speech, and related terms describe eloquent or excessive talkers, and even a type of hospitality offering.

Derived headwords

سَفَكَverb
  1. 1.
    to pour outboth

    To pour out a liquid, such as blood, tears, or water. This is the primary meaning of the root.

سَفْكًاnoun
  1. 1.
    pouringboth

    The act of pouring out, the masdar of سفك.

يَسْفِكُverb
  1. 1.
    he pours outboth

    Present tense of the verb 'to pour out'.

يُسْفِكُverb
  1. 1.
    he pours outboth

    Present tense of the verb 'to pour out', with a different vocalization of the middle radical.

يَسْفِكُ الدماءverb
  1. 1.
    he spills bloodboth

    Specifically referring to the spilling of blood, with a different vocalization of the middle radical.

لا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءَكُمْverb
  1. 1.
    you do not spill your bloodclassical

    A prohibition against spilling blood, with a specific vocalization.

مَسْفُوكadjective
  1. 1.
    poured outboth

    Passive participle, meaning poured out or shed.

سَفِيكadjective
  1. 1.
    poured outclassical

    An alternative form of the passive participle, meaning poured out or shed.

انسَفَكَverb
  1. 1.
    to flow outboth

    To flow out or pour forth, often used for liquids.

سَفْكnoun
  1. 1.
    pouring outboth

    The act of pouring out, the masdar of the root.

سَفَكَ الكلامverb
  1. 1.
    to pour out speechclassical

    Metaphorically, to utter words rapidly and profusely.

المِسْفَكnoun
  1. 1.
    talkative personclassical

    One who is excessively talkative, a chatterbox.

سَفَّاكadjective
  1. 1.
    eloquentclassical

    Eloquent and capable of speaking well.

  2. 2.
    bloodshedderclassical

    One who sheds blood; a murderer.

السَّفْكَةnoun
  1. 1.
    hospitality offeringclassical

    A portion of food or drink presented to a guest as a sign of hospitality.

السَّفُوكnoun
  1. 1.
    soulclassical

    The soul or spirit.

  2. 2.
    anxious soulclassical

    An anxious, restless, or yearning soul.

  3. 3.
    lying personclassical

    Metaphorically, a liar, one whose words are untrustworthy.

التَّسْفِيكnoun
  1. 1.
    offering hospitalityclassical

    The act of offering food or drink to a guest, related to السفكة.

سَفَّاك للدماءadjective
  1. 1.
    bloodshedderclassical

    One who is prone to shedding blood; a murderer.

سَوَاكِفadjective
  1. 1.
    shedding tearsclassical

    Eyes that shed tears profusely, often used poetically.

Parallel reading

سفك الدم والدمع والماء يسفكه سفكا
Blood, tears, and water are poured out, he pours them out with pouring.
ويسفكه بالضم أيضا من حد نصر
And he pours it out with the dammah on the fa' also, from the pattern of nasara.
وقرأ ابن قطيب وابن أبي عبلة وطلحة بن مصرف وشعيب بن أبي حمزة: ويسفك الدماء بضم الفاء
And Ibn Qutaybah, Ibn Abi 'Ablah, Talhah bin Musarrif, and Shu'ayb bin Abi Hamzah recited: 'and he spills blood' with a dammah on the fa'.
فهو مسفوك وسفيك: صبه وهراقه وأجراه، لكل مائع
So it is masfuk and safik: poured out, spilled, and flowed, for every liquid.
فانسفك: انصب
So it flowed out: it poured.
سفك الكلام سفكا: إذا نثره من فيه بسرعة
To pour out speech rapidly: if he scatters it from his mouth quickly.
والمسفك كمنبر: المكثار في الكلام
And al-misafk, like minbar: the excessively talkative one in speech.
والسفاك كشداد: البليغ القادر على الكلام
And as-safak, like shaddad: the eloquent one, capable of speech.
وقال كراع: خطيب سفاك: بليغ، كسهاك
And Kara' said: an eloquent orator, safak: eloquent, like suhak.
وقال ابن الأعرابي: السفكة، بالضم: اللمجة وهو ما يقدم إلى الضيف، يقال: سفكوه ولمجوه
And Ibn al-A'rabi said: as-safkah, with dammah: the offering to a guest, which is what is presented to the guest. It is said: 'They offered it to him and presented it to him.'
وقال أبو زيد: السفوك كصبور: النفس، وهي أيضا: الجائشة، والطموح
And Abu Zayd said: as-safuk, like sabur: the soul, and it is also: the anxious one, the yearning one.
والسفوك بالكلام: هو الكذاب، وهو مجاز
And as-safuk with speech: it is the liar, and this is metaphorical.
السفاك للدماء: هو السفاح
As-safak for blood: it is the murderer.
والتسفيك: تلميج الضيف
And at-tasfik: offering hospitality to the guest.
ورجل سفاك: كذاب
And a man safak: a liar.
وعيون سوافك: تذري بالدموع
And 'uyun sawafik: eyes shedding tears.
لئن قطع اليأس الحنين فإنه ... رقوء لتذراف الدموع السوافك
If despair has cut off longing, then it is... a stopping for the shedding of flowing tears.