ف ت ق

Root entry · 21 derived lemmas

The root ف ت ق (f-t-q) primarily denotes the concept of splitting, tearing, or separating something that was joined or intact. This extends to physical objects, abstract concepts like unity and covenants, and even natural phenomena like the dawn or the earth splitting with vegetation. It also encompasses medical conditions and descriptive terms for things that are split or wide.

Derived headwords

فَتَقَverb

1.
to split, tearboth
To make a split or tear in something that was joined or intact; to separate what was connected.
2.
to break unityclassical
To cause division or discord within a group, especially among Muslims.
3.
to dawnclassical
Used metaphorically for the breaking of dawn.
4.
to mix spices/perfumesboth
To mix or blend perfumes, incense, or oils.

كانتا رتقا ففتقناهما — They were joined together, and We split them apart.

فتقت السماء بالمطر — The sky split with rain.

فَتْقnoun

1.
split, tear, ruptureboth
A physical split, tear, or rupture in an object or body.
2.
division, discordclassical
A division or discord within a group, especially the breaking of unity among Muslims.
3.
warclassical
Metaphorically refers to war, conflict, or a major crisis.
4.
dawnclassical
Metaphorically refers to the breaking of dawn.
5.
herniaboth
A medical condition where an organ protrudes through the wall of the cavity containing it, specifically a hernia.

لا تحل المسألة إلا في حاجة أو فتق — Asking is not permissible except in case of need or a crisis.

ترى جوانبها بالشحم مفتوقا — You see its sides split with fat.

تَفْتِيقnoun

1.
splitting, tearing apartboth
The act of splitting or tearing something into many pieces.

كفتقه تفتيقا — Like splitting it into pieces.

تَفَتَّقَverb

1.
to split, crack openboth
To split or crack open, often implying fragmentation.
2.
to become wide with fatclassical
Used to describe animals becoming excessively fat, causing their sides to widen.

فتفتق أي تشقق — It splits, meaning it cracks.

وسمنت الإبل حتى تفتقت — And the camels grew so fat that they burst.

اِنْفَتَقَverb

1.
to split open, burstboth
To split open or burst apart.
2.
to become apparent (dawn)classical
Used metaphorically for the breaking of dawn.

انفتق: انشق — It split open: it tore.

انفتق القمر: إذا برز بين سحابتين سوداوين — The moon became apparent: when it emerged between two dark clouds.

مُفْتَقnoun

1.
tear, ripclassical
A tear or rip, especially in a garment.

لجس الندامى في يد الدرع مفتق — To feel the companions on the sleeve of the tunic, a tear.

فَتْقَاءadjective

1.
having a split vulvaclassical
A woman whose vulva is split or separated, as opposed to being closed (رتقاء).

فُتُوقnoun

1.
splits, cracksboth
Plural of فتق (fataq), referring to splits or cracks.
2.
drought yearsclassical
Years characterized by drought or scarcity of rain.

إن لها في العام ذي الفتوق — Indeed, they have in the year of the splits (droughts).

فَتَقَname

1.
Fataq (place name)classical
A place name, possibly a town in Ta'if or a region in Mecca.

فَتِيْقadjective

1.
splendid, magnificent (camel)classical
Describing a camel that is exceptionally fat and healthy.
2.
eloquent, sharp (tongue)classical
Describing someone with a sharp, eloquent, and precise way of speaking.
3.
sharp (blade)classical
Describing a blade that is very sharp, as if split into two keen edges.
4.
bright (morning)classical
Describing the morning when it is bright and clear.

ورجل فتيق اللسان أي: فصيحه حديده — And a man with a sharp tongue, meaning eloquent and precise.

الصبح الفتيق هو المشرق — The bright morning is the sunrise.

فَيْتَقnoun

1.
carpenterclassical
A carpenter, derived from the root meaning to split or shape wood.
2.
blacksmithclassical
A blacksmith.
3.
gatekeeperclassical
A gatekeeper or doorman.
4.
kingclassical
A king or ruler.

وهو فيعل من الفتق، ومنه قول الأعشى: كما سلك السكي في الباب فيتق — And it is a 'faytal' from the root 'fataq', and from this is the saying of Al-A'sha: as the nail was inserted into the door by the carpenter.

ورأيت المنايا لا يغادرن ذا غنى ... لمال ولا ينجو من الموت فيتق — And I saw that fates do not spare the wealthy ... nor does the king escape death.

ذو فَتَاقname

1.
Dhu Fataq (place name)classical
A place name, possibly a mountain or region mentioned in poetry.

فالمحياة فالصفاح فأعلى ... ذي فتاق فعاذب فالوفاء — Then Al-Muhayyah, then Al-Safah, then the heights of Dhu Fataq, then Adhib, then Al-Wafa.

فَتَاقnoun

1.
thick yeastclassical
A large, thick piece of yeast used to hasten the rising of dough.
2.
white fibers of palmclassical
The white, unexposed inner fibers of a palm frond, resembling a face.
3.
sun's coronaclassical
The corona of the sun, or the point where it begins to emerge from behind clouds.
4.
mixture of perfumesclassical
A mixture of ground medicinal ingredients blended with oils like lily oil to create a fragrant scent.
5.
mixing musk and amberclassical
The act of mixing musk with amber or other substances to enhance its fragrance.

وفتاة بيضاء ناعمة الجس ... م لعوب ووجهها كالفتاق — And a girl, white, soft of body, playful, and her face like the white fibers.

وكأن الأري المشور مع الخم ... ر بفيها يشوب ذاك فتاق — And as if the spread perfume with the wine in her mouth, that is mixed with a fragrant blend.

فَتَقَverb

1.
to mix perfume/incenseboth
To mix perfume, incense, or oils with other ingredients.

فتق الطيب يفتقه فتقا: طيبه وخلطه بعود وغيره، وكذلك الدهن — He perfumed the incense, mixing it with oud and other things, and likewise the oil.

أَفْتَقَverb

1.
to become fat (animals)classical
Animals becoming fat and prosperous due to abundant pasture.
2.
to use a palm frond as a toothpickclassical
To clean one's teeth using a palm frond (عرجون).
3.
to clear (clouds)classical
For clouds to break or clear, allowing the sun to appear.
4.
to enter a wide spaceclassical
To move from a narrow passage into a wider, open area.
5.
to be afflicted by hardshipsclassical
To be persistently troubled by difficulties or afflictions.

أفتق الرجل: سمنت دوابه فتفتقت من الخصب — The man's animals became fat and prosperous from the abundance.

خرجنا فما أفتقنا حتى وردنا اليمامة — We went out and the clouds did not clear until we reached Al-Yamamah.

اِنْفَتَقَتْverb

1.
to be afflicted by herniaclassical
For a female camel to be afflicted by a disease called 'al-fataq', causing swelling between her udder and navel.

انفتقت الناقة انفتاقا: أخذها داء يسمى الفتق — The she-camel suffered a rupture: she was afflicted by a disease called 'al-fataq'.

فُوتَقname

1.
Futaq (place name)classical
A place name in Merv, possibly an Arabized form of 'Bawth'.

فَتْقَةnoun

1.
patch of unwatered landclassical
An area of land that is not rained upon, while the surrounding area is.

اِنْفِتَاقnoun

1.
opening, wideningboth
The act of opening, splitting, or widening.
2.
herniaclassical
The condition of having a hernia.

كان في خاصرتيه انفتاق — There was a widening in his flanks.

تَفَتَّقَتْverb

1.
to widen with fatclassical
For the flanks of sheep to widen due to excessive grazing and fatness.
2.
to swell upclassical
For livestock to swell up with fat, sometimes leading to death.

تفتقت خواصر الغنم من البقل — The sheep's flanks widened from the grass.

فَتَقَverb

1.
to refine, clarify speechclassical
To refine, clarify, or explain the meaning of speech.

فتق فلان الكلام، وبجه: إذا قومه ونقحه — So-and-so refined his speech: meaning he corrected and clarified it.

Parallel reading

كانتا رتقا ففتقناهما

They were joined together, and We split them apart.

قال الفراء: فتقت السماء بالمطر، والأرض بالنبات.

Al-Farra' said: The sky split with rain, and the earth with vegetation.

ترى جوانبها بالشحم مفتوقا

You see its sides split with fat.

لا تحل المسألة إلا في حاجة أو فتق

Asking is not permissible except in case of need or a crisis.

الفتق: شق عصا المسلمين بعد اجتماع الكلمة من قبل حرب في ثغر، أو غير ذلك

Al-fataq: The breaking of the unity of Muslims after their words were united, due to war at the frontier, or otherwise.

يسأل الرجل في الجائحة أو الفتق أي: الحرب تكون بين القوم، ويقع فيها الجراحات والدماء.

A man asks in a calamity or a crisis, meaning: war occurs between people, and wounds and blood are shed.

ومن المجاز: الفتق: الصبح

And among the metaphors: Al-fataq is the dawn.

ويقال: انظر الى فتق الفجر، أي: طلوعه وانشقاقه وانفلاقه كما في الأساس.

And it is said: Look at the splitting of the dawn, meaning its rising, splitting, and breaking open, as in Al-Asas.

إن لها في العام ذي الفتوق

Indeed, they have in the year of the splits (droughts).

والفتق أيضا: شق عصا الجماعة، ووقوع الحرب بينهم وتصدع الكلمة.

And Al-fataq is also: the splitting of the group's staff, the occurrence of war among them, and the fracturing of unity.

وهو أن تنشق الجلدة التي بين الخصية وأسفل البطن، فتقع الأمعاء في الخصية.

It is when the skin between the testicle and the lower abdomen splits, and the intestines fall into the testicle.

والفتق بالتحريك: مصدر الامرأة الفتقاء، للمنفتقة الفرج، خلاف الرتقاء.

And Al-fataq (with harakah) is the masdar of the 'fataqaa' woman, for the one whose vulva is split, opposite of the 'ratqaa'.

أي: لم تزل في جدب، ولم تذق لبنا بعد هذه الأعوام التي تفتقت فيها الإبل سمنا.

Meaning: she remained in drought, and did not taste milk after these years in which the camels became fat.

وسمنت الإبل حتى تفتقت، فسمي عام الفتق.

And the camels grew so fat that they burst, so that year was named the Year of Bursting.

امرأة فتق للتي تفتق في الأمور

A 'fataq' woman is one who is sharp in matters.

والفتيق: الفتق.

And Al-fatiq: the split.

والفيتق، كصيقل: النجار وهو فيعل من الفتق

And Al-faytaq, like 'sayqal': the carpenter, and it is a 'fay'al' from the root 'fataq'.

وفتاق: ماء م أي: معروف، هكذا في سائر النسخ، وفيه نظر

And Fataq: a known water source, thus in all copies, but it requires consideration.

وفتاق: ماء م أي: معروف، هكذا في سائر النسخ، وفيه نظر، فإنه كيف يكون معروفا وهو مجهول يحتاج الى التبيين والإيضاح.

And Fataq: a known water source, thus in all copies, but it requires consideration, for how can it be known if it is unknown and needs clarification and explanation.

أفتق الرجل: سمنت دوابه فتفتقت من الخصب، عن أبي عمرو.

Aftaq the man: his animals became fat and prosperous from the abundance, according to Abu Amr.

أفتق قرن الشمس: إذا أصاب فتقا في السحاب، فبدا منه

Aftaq the sun's corona: when it finds a split in the clouds, and emerges from it.

ثم صب في دقران، حتى أفتق بين الصدمتين أي: خرج من مضيق الوادي الى المتسع.

Then he poured into Duqran, until he reached the open space between the two passes, meaning: he exited from the narrow valley into the wide area.

انفتقت الناقة انفتاقا: أخذها داء يسمى الفتق، محركة، يأخذها فيما بين ضرعها وسرتها فتنفتق، وذلك من السمن، فربما أفرقت وربما تموت به.

The she-camel suffered a rupture: she was afflicted by a disease called 'al-fataq' (with harakah), which affects her between her udder and navel, causing her to rupture, and this is from fatness, so she might recover or die from it.

والفتقة، محركة: الأرض التي يصيب ما حولها المطر ولا يصيبها.

And Al-fatqah (with harakah): the land that is surrounded by rain but is not reached by it.

فتق فلان الكلام، وبجه: إذا قومه ونقحه.

So-and-so refined his speech: meaning he corrected and clarified it.

كان في خاصرتيعه انفتاق أي: اتساع، وهو محمود في الرجال، مذموم في النساء.

There was a widening in his flanks, meaning: spaciousness, which is praiseworthy in men and blameworthy in women.

وتفتقت خواصر الغنم من البقل: إذا اتسعت من كثرة الرعي.

And the sheep's flanks widened from the grass: when they became wide from excessive grazing.

وانفتقت الماشية: مثل تفتقت، أي: انتفخت خواصرها سمنا، فتموت لذلك، وربما سلمت.

And the livestock became bloated: like 'tafaftaqat', meaning their flanks swelled with fat, so they die from it, and sometimes they survive.

فتق الطيب يفتقه فتقا: طيبه وخلطه بعود وغيره، وكذلك الدهن.

He perfumed the incense, mixing it with oud and other things, and likewise the oil.

لها فأرة ذفراء كل عشية ... كما فتق الكافور بالمسك فاتقه

She has a fragrant musk every evening ... as the camphor is mixed with musk by the perfumer.