ع ن ق

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

The root ع ن ق (ʿ-n-q) primarily relates to the neck, the part connecting the head to the body. It extends to concepts of groups, leaders, progress, and even specific animals and geographical features, often metaphorically.

Derived headwords

العُنُقnoun

1.
neckboth
The part of the body connecting the head to the torso, also referred to as the 'jawd' (جيد). It can be masculine or feminine, though masculine is more common.
2.
group, crowdclassical
A large or advanced group of people, often referring to their leaders, chiefs, or nobles.
3.
neck of the stomachclassical
The lower part of the stomach (kursh).
4.
piece of goodclassical
A portion or piece of good fortune or benefit.

فظلت أعناقهم لها خاضعين — their leaders or groups remained submissive to it

جاء القوم عنقا عنقا — the people came in groups, one after another

العَنَقnoun

1.
pace, gaitboth
A steady, extended pace or gait, particularly for camels or other animals.

كان يسير العنق فإذا وجد فجوة نص — he used to travel at a steady pace, and when he found an opening, he would surge forward

أعناقnoun

1.
necks (plural)both
Plural of 'unuq' (neck).
2.
groups, leaders (plural)classical
Plural of 'unuq' used metaphorically for groups or leaders.

لا يزال الناس مختلفة أعناقهم في طلب الدنيا — people will continue to be in groups seeking worldly gain

معنقاadjective

1.
swift, fastclassical
Moving swiftly or rapidly, often used in the context of progress or speed.

لا يزال المؤمن معنقا صالحا ما لم يصب دما حراما — a believer continues to be swift in goodness as long as he does not shed forbidden blood

العُنْقاءnoun

1.
great birdclassical
A legendary, large bird, whose actual form is unknown. It is often used metaphorically.
2.
calamity, disasterclassical
A great misfortune or disaster, often referred to as 'al-'anqā' al-mugharribah'.
3.
a man's name/titleclassical
A title or name given to a man, notably Tha'labah ibn 'Amr.
4.
a hillclassical
A hill or elevated ground.

يحملن عنقاء وعنقفيرا — they carry calamities and disasters

العنقاء المغربةnoun

1.
calamityclassical
A great disaster or misfortune, a metaphorical use of the legendary bird's name.

ولولا سليمان الخليفة حلقت به من يد الحجاج عنقاء مغرب — and were it not for Sulaiman the Caliph, a calamity would have flown him from the hand of Al-Hajjaj

العناقnoun

1.
female goat kidboth
A female kid of a goat, typically one year old or less.
2.
calamity, severe matterclassical
A great misfortune or a difficult, severe matter.

لقي فلان عناق الأرض — so-and-so encountered a severe calamity

عنقاءadjective

1.
long-neckedboth
Having a long neck, used to describe a person or animal.

وهي عنقاء بينة العنق — and she is clearly long-necked

الأعنقadjective

1.
long and thick-neckedboth
Describing someone with a long and thick neck.

ما كان أعنق — how long-necked he was

عنقاnoun

1.
long neckboth
The state or quality of having a long neck.

وقد عنق عنقا — and he had a long neck

المعنقةnoun

1.
necklaceboth
A piece of jewelry worn around the neck.
2.
rope for a dog's neckclassical
Specifically, a rope placed around the neck of a dog.
3.
small rope between camelsclassical
A small rope placed between the leading camels.
4.
curved rock formationclassical
A part of rock formations that curves or bends.

المعنقة: القلادة — the ma'naqah: the necklace

عنقاverb

1.
to have a long neckboth
To possess a long neck.

ولقد عنق عنقا — and indeed he had a long neck

عنوقnoun

1.
female goat kids (plural)both
Plural of 'ināq' (female goat kid), referring to a large number.

يصوع عنوقها أحوى زنيم — its female goat kids are led by a dark-faced, illegitimate one

ذو العنقname

1.
name/title of a horseclassical
The name of a horse belonging to Miqdad ibn Al-Aswad.
2.
title of a personclassical
A title given to several individuals, including Yazid ibn 'Amir and a poet from Judham.

ذو العنيقname

1.
a place nameclassical
A place name, possibly a location.

ذات العنيقname

1.
a water sourceclassical
A place name referring to a water source near Hajir.

بنات أعنقname

1.
daughters of 'Anqclassical
Refers to women known for their beauty in ancient times, or to horses descended from a stallion named 'Anq.

تظل بنات أعنق مسرجات — the daughters of 'Anq remain with their saddles on

العنيقnoun

1.
embracerclassical
One who embraces or clings.

وبات خيال طيفك لي عنيقا — and the image of your specter spent the night embracing me

عنقاءname

1.
a king's nameclassical
The name of a king from the Quda'ah tribe.

عنقىname

1.
a place nameclassical
A place name, possibly a valley.

ابن عنقاءname

1.
a poet's nameclassical
The name of a poet.

عناق الأرضnoun

1.
a predatory animalclassical
A hunting animal, smaller than a cheetah, also called 'al-taffah' or 'al-'anjal'.
2.
calamityclassical
A great misfortune or severe ordeal.

أذني عناق — the ear of a calamity (meaning a severe ordeal)

Parallel reading

العنق، بالضم، وقال سيبويه: هو مخفف من العنق بضمتين.

The 'unuq', with dammah, and Sibawayh said: it is a lightened form of 'unuq' with two dammas.

الجيد، وهو وصلة ما بين الرأس والجسد، وقد فرق بين الجيد والعنق بما هو مذكور في شرح الشفاء للخفاجي فراجعه، يذكر ويؤنث.

The neck, which is the connection between the head and the body, and the distinction between 'jawd' and 'unuq' is mentioned in the commentary of Al-Shifa' by Al-Khafaji, so refer to it; it is used as masculine and feminine.

قولهم: عنق هنعاء، وعنق سطعاء يشهد بتأنيث العنق.

Their saying: 'unuq hun'ā', and 'unuq sat'ā'' testifies to the feminine use of 'unuq'.

والتذكير أغلب، قاله الفراء وغيره.

And masculinity is more common, said Al-Farra' and others.

ومن المجاز: العنق: الجماعة الكثيرة، أو المتقدمة من النآس مذكر.

And from metaphor: 'unuq: a large group, or the foremost of people, masculine.

وبهما فسر قوله تعالى:) فظلت أعناقهم لها خاضعين (أي: فتظل أشرافهم أو جماعاتهم.

And with these two meanings, the Almighty's saying is interpreted: 'their necks remained submissive to it' (meaning: their nobles or their groups remained submissive).

وقيل: أراد بالأعناق هنا: الرقاب، كقولك: ذلت له رقاب القوم وأعناقهم.

And it was said: 'a'nāq' here means: necks (as in throats/servitude), as you say: the people's necks and their 'a'nāq' were humbled to him.

ويقال: جاء القوم عنقا عنقا، أي: طوائف.

And it is said: the people came 'unuqan 'unuqan', meaning: in groups.

وقال الأزهري: أي فرقا، كل جماعة منهم عنق.

And Al-Azhari said: meaning in divisions, each group among them is an 'unuq'.

وقال الأخطل:) (وإذا المئون تواكلت أعناقها ... فاحمل هناك على فتى حمال) قال ابن الأعرابي: أعناقها: جماعاتها.

And Al-Akhṭal said: (And when the camels became weary of each other's burdens... then charge there with a strong young man) Ibn Al-A'rabi said: 'a'nāquhā': their groups.

وفي الحديث: لا يزال الناس مختلفة أعناقهم في طلب الدنيا أي: جماعات منهم.

And in the Hadith: people will continue with their necks differing in pursuit of the world, meaning: in groups among them.

والعنق من الكرش: أسفلها.

And the 'unuq' of the stomach (kursh): its lower part.

ومن المجاز: كان ذلك على عنق الإسلام، وعنق الدهر، أي: قديم الدهر وقديم الإسلام.

And from metaphor: that was at the 'unuq' of Islam, and the 'unuq' of time, meaning: the ancientness of time and the ancientness of Islam.

وقولهم: هم عنق إليك، أي: مائلون إليك ومنتظروك.

And their saying: they are 'unuq to you, meaning: leaning towards you and awaiting you.

يقال: جاء القوم عنقا عنقا.

It is said: the people came 'unuqan 'unuqan'.

ومن المجاز: أعناق الريح: ما سطع من عجاجها.

And from metaphor: the 'a'nāq' of the wind: what rises from its dust.

والمعنقة، كمكنسة: القلادة كما في الصحاح والتهذيب، وخصصه ابن سيده فقال: توضع في عنق الكلب.

And al-ma'naqah, like miknasah: the necklace as in Al-Sihah and Al-Tahdhib, and Ibn Sidah specified it saying: it is placed on the neck of a dog.

قال الصاغاني: والقياس معناقة، لقولهم في الجمع: معانيق الرمال، كذا روي عن ابن شميل.

Al-Sagani said: and the analogy is 'ma'nāqah', for their saying in the plural: 'ma'ānīq al-rimāl', thus it was narrated from Ibn Shumayl.

ويوم عانق: م معروف من أيام العرب.

And the Day of 'Ānaq: a known day from the days of the Arabs.

والأعنق: الطويل العنق الغليظه، وقد عنق عنقا، وهي عنقاء بينة العنق.

And al-a'naq: the long-necked and thick-necked, and he became 'anq, with a clear 'unuq'.

والكلب الأعنق: من في عنقه بياض كما في العباب والمفردات.

And the 'a'naq' dog: one whose neck has whiteness, as in Al-'Abab and Al-Mufradat.

وبنات أعنق: بنات دهقان متمول من الدهاقنة.

And Banat 'Anq: daughters of a wealthy peasant from the dehqans.

وطارت به العنقاء أي: الداهية

And the 'anqā' flew with him, meaning: the calamity.

قال أبو حاتم في كتاب الطير: وأما العنقاء المغربة فالداهية، وليست من الطير علمناها.

Abu Hatim said in the Book of Birds: As for the 'anqā' al-mugharribah, it is the calamity, and we do not know it to be a bird.

وقيل في قوله تعالى:) طيرا أبابيل (: هي عنقاء مغربة، وقيل: هو العقاب.

And it was said regarding the Almighty's saying: 'birds in flocks': they are 'anqā' mugharribah, and it was said: it is the eagle.

والعنقاء: لقب رجل من العرب، وهو ثعلبة بن عمرو وعمرو هو مزيقياء بن عامر بن حارثة بن ثعلبة بن امرئ القيس بن مازن.

And Al-'Anqā': the title of a man from the Arabs, who is Tha'labah ibn 'Amr, and 'Amr is Muzayqiya ibn 'Amir ibn Harithah ibn Tha'labah ibn Imru' al-Qays ibn Mazin.

وأما قول ابن أحمر: (في رأس خلقاء من عنقاء مشرفة ... لا يبتغى دونها سهل ولا جبل)

And as for the saying of Ibn Ahmar: (At the head of a barren height, from a prominent 'anqā'... no plain or mountain is sought below it)

وعنقاء: ملك من قضاعة، والتأنيث عند الليث للفظ العنقاء.

And 'Anqā': a king from Quda'ah, and the feminine is according to Al-Layth for the word 'anqā'.

وعنقى، كبشرى: أرض، أو واد وبه روي قول أبي ذؤيب الهذلي المذكور في ع م ق.

And 'Anqā', like bushra: land, or a valley, and in it is narrated the saying of Abu Dhu'ayb Al-Hudhali mentioned under 'm-q'.

والعنيق كأمير: المعانق.

And al-'anīq, like amīr: the embracer.

وأنشد أبو حنيفة: (وما راعني إلا زهاء معانقي ... فأي عنيق بات لي لا أبا ليا)

And Abu Hanifa recited: (And nothing startled me but the splendor of my embrace... what embracer spent the night with me, may my father not be with me!)

والعنق، محركة: ضرب من السير، وهو سير مسبطر منبسط للإبل والدابة.

And 'anq, harakah: a type of gait, which is a steady, extended gait for camels and mounts.

ومننه الحديث: أنه) كان يسير العنق فإذا وجد فجوة نص.

And from it the Hadith: that he used to travel at a steady pace, and when he found an opening, he would surge.

وقال أبو النجم: يا ناق سيري عنقا فسيحا إلى سليمان فنستريحا

And Abu Al-Najm said: O she-camel, travel at a wide, steady pace towards Sulaiman so we may rest.

والعنق: طول العنق، وقد عنق كفرح.

And 'unuq: length of the neck, and he became 'anq, like farih.

والعناق كسحاب: الأنثى من أولاد المعز، زاد الأزهري: إذا أتت عليها سنة.

And 'ināq, like saḥāb: the female of goat offspring, Al-Azhari added: when a year has passed over it.

وأنشد ابن الأعرابي لقريط يصف الذئب: (حسبت بغام راحلتي عناقا ... وما هي ويب غيرك بالعناق)

And Ibn Al-A'rabi recited for Quraith describing a wolf: (I thought the bleating of my mount was a female goat kid... but it was not, by your life, a female goat kid)

ج في أقل العدد ثلاث أعنق وأربع أعنق.

The plural for the minimum number is three 'anāq and four 'anāq.

قال الفرزدق: (دعدع بأعنقك القوائم إنني ... في باذخ يا بن المراغة عال)

Al-Farazdaq said: (Make your legs move with your 'anāq, for I am... in loftiness, O son of Al-Maraghah, high)

والجمع الكثير عنوق.

And the large plural is 'unūq.

وأنشد ابن السكيت: (أبوك الذي يكوي أنوف عنوقه ... بأظفاره حتى أنس وأمحقا)

And Ibn Al-Sikkit recited: (Your father is the one who cauterizes the noses of his 'unūq... with his claws until they are accustomed and worn out)

وأما تكسيرهم له على فعول، فلتكسيرهم إياه على أفعل إذ كانا يعتقبان على باب فعل.

And as for their pluralizing it as 'uf'ūl, it is because they pluralize it as 'af'al' since they alternate on the pattern 'fa'ala'.

وفي المثل: العنوق بعد النوق يضرب في الضيق بعد السعة.

And in the proverb: 'al-'unūq ba'da al-nūq' (the female kids after the she-camels) is said for hardship after ease.

وفي حديث الشعبي: نحن في العنوق ولم نبلغ النوق قال ابن سيده: وفي المثل: هذه العنوق بعد النوق يقول: مالك العنوق بعد النوق، يضرب للذي يكون على حالة حسنة، ثم يركب القبيح من الأمر، ويدع حاله الأولى، وينحط من علو الى سفل.

And in the narration of Al-Sha'bi: we are in the 'unūq and have not reached the 'nūq'. Ibn Sidah said: And in the proverb: 'these 'unūq after the 'nūq', it means: you have the 'unūq after the 'nūq', it is said for one who is in a good state, then undertakes an ugly matter, abandons his former state, and descends from high to low.

قال الأزهري: يضرب للذي يحط عن مرتبته بعد الرفعة.

Al-Azhari said: it is said for one who is demoted from his rank after elevation.

والمعنى أنه صار يرعى العنوق بعد ما كان يرعى الإبل، وراعي لشاء عند العرب مهين ذليل، وراعي الإبل عزيز شريف.

And the meaning is that he came to herding female kids after he used to herd camels, and the herder of kids is lowly and despised among Arabs, while the herder of camels is honored and noble.

وعناق الأرض: دابة صيادة، يقال لها: التفة، والعنجل، وهي أصغر من الفهد الطويل الظهر.

And 'ināq al-arḍ: a hunting animal, called: al-taffah, and al-'anjal, and it is smaller than a long-backed cheetah.

وقال الأزهري: فوق الكلب الصيني، يصيد كما يصيد الفهد، ويأكل اللحم، وهو من السباع.

And Al-Azhari said: it is larger than a Chinese dog, it hunts like a cheetah hunts, and eats meat, and it is among the predators.

ويقال: إنه ليس شيء من الدواب يؤبر، أي: يعفي أثره إذا عدا غيره وغير الأرنب، وجمعه عنوق أيضا عجميته سياه كوش قال: وقد رأيته بالبادية، وهو أسود الرأس، أبيض) سائره.

And it is said: there is nothing among the animals that covers its tracks when it runs, except it and the rabbit, and its plural is also 'unūq, its Persian name is Siyah Kush, he said: and I have seen it in the desert, and it has a black head and white body.

والعناق أيضا: الداهية.

And 'ināq also: the calamity.

يقال: لقي فلان عناق الأرض، وأذني عناق، أي: داهية.

It is said: so-and-so encountered the 'ināq al-arḍ, and 'udhunay 'ināq, meaning: a calamity.

وقيل: الأمر الشديد.

And it was said: the severe matter.

قال: إذا تمطين على القيافي لاقين منه أذني عناق أي: من الحادي، أو من الجمل.

He said: when they stretch out on the tracks, they will meet from it the 'udhunay 'ināq, meaning: from the driver, or from the camel.