ب ذ ق

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root primarily discusses a Persian loanword referring to a type of wine or alcoholic beverage, its origins, and its etymology. It also touches upon related terms for foot soldiers and chess pieces, often derived from the same Persian origin.

Derived headwords

البَاذِقnoun

1.
wineclassical
A beverage made from fermented grape juice, specifically one that has been boiled down slightly. It is considered a loanword from Persian.
2.
alcoholic beverageclassical
Any intoxicating drink, with the term 'bādhq' being a specific name for it, possibly to distinguish it from the general term 'khamr'.

بَاذِقadjective

1.
intoxicatingclassical
Describing something that causes intoxication, related to the beverage 'bādhq'.

حَاذِق بَاذِقother

1.
emphatic repetitionclassical
A phrase used as an emphatic repetition or follow-up to 'ḥādhiq', possibly related to the concept of skill or proficiency, though its exact meaning in this context is unclear and linked to the root's primary discussion.

البَيَادِقَةnoun

1.
infantryclassical
Foot soldiers, a Persian loanword ('bayādiqah') referring to the infantrymen, noted for their light movement.

بَيَذَق الشطرنجnoun

1.
chess pawnclassical
The pawn in the game of chess, derived from the Persian word 'baydaq'.

بَذَقَهَاverb

1.
to move lightlyclassical
To move lightly or nimbly, used in relation to the infantry ('bayādiqah') who were named for their swift movements.

بَذْقnoun

1.
lightnessclassical
The quality of being light or agile, possibly related to the movement of infantry or chess pieces.

بَذَقnoun

1.
guideclassical
A guide, especially in travel, possibly related to the Persian term 'baydaq'.

بَذَقnoun

1.
small and lightclassical
Something small and light, a descriptive term possibly derived from the root's association with agility.

بَذُوقnoun

1.
light onesclassical
Plural form referring to light or agile things, possibly infantry or other mobile units.

المِبْذَقَةnoun

1.
action of speakingclassical
The act of speaking, used in the phrase 'al-mabdhaqah khayrun min fi'lihi' (speaking is better than doing).

بَذَقُونname

1.
district in Egyptclassical
A district or region in Egypt, specifically in the western part of the Gharbiyya governorate, mentioned in historical conquest accounts.

البِيذَقِيّname

1.
village nameclassical
The name of a village, likely located in the Qibliyya region.

Parallel reading

وقال أبو عبيد: هي كلمة فارسية عربت، فلم نعرفها، قال: وهو تعريب باده وهو اسم الخمر بالفارسية.

Abu Ubayd said: It is an Arabized Persian word, which we did not know. He said: It is the Arabization of 'badeh', which is the name for wine in Persian.

وقال غيره: هو ما طبخ من عصير العنب أدنى طبخة، فصار شديدا وأول من وضعه بنو أمية، لينقلوه عن اسم الخمر، وكل مسكر خمر، لأن الاسم لا ينقله عن معناه الموجود فيه، قاله في المطالع، وأصله في المشارق.

Others said: It is what is cooked from grape juice with minimal cooking, becoming strong. The Umayyads were the first to introduce it, to transfer it from the name of wine, and every intoxicant is wine, because the name does not transfer it from its existing meaning. This is stated in Al-Matalia, and its origin is in Al-Mashariq.

سئل عنه ابن عباس فقال: سبق محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم الباذق وما أسكر فهو حرام فهذا يدل على أنه معروف قبل بني أمية، ومعنى الحديث أي سبق قوله فيه، وفي غيره من جنسه، وقيل: أي لم يكن في زمانه، فتأمل.

Ibn Abbas was asked about it and said: Muhammad, peace be upon him, preceded the 'bādhq', and whatever intoxicates is forbidden. This indicates it was known before the Umayyads. The meaning of the hadith is that his saying preceded it and other similar things, and it was said: meaning it was not in his time. Reflect on this.

ومما عرب من هذا التركيب البياذقة هم الرجالة وهي تعريب بياده ومنه بيذق الشطرنج وحذف الشاعر الياء فقال: وللشر سواق خفاف بذوقها أراد خفاف بياذقها كأنه جعل البيذق بذقا قاله ابن بزرج

And from what was Arabized from this structure are 'al-bayādhqah', meaning the infantry, which is the Arabization of 'piyādah'. And from it is the chess 'baydaq'. The poet omitted the 'ya' and said: 'And for evil, swift drivers, with their 'badhq' (movement)', meaning 'swift infantry', as if he made the 'baydaq' into a 'badhq', according to Ibn Buzraj.

وفي غزوة الفتح، جعل أبا عبيدة على البياذقة هم الرجالة واللفظة فارسية معربة سموا بذلك لخفة حركتهم، وأنهم ليس معهم ما يثقلهم.

And in the Conquest expedition, Abu Ubaydah was placed in charge of the 'al-bayādhqah', meaning the infantry. The word is an Arabized Persian word. They were named thus for the lightness of their movement and because they had nothing to weigh them down.

وقال الخارزنجي: البذق الدليل في السفر كالبيذق.

Al-Khārazanjī said: 'Al-badhq' is the guide in travel, like 'al-baydaq'.

أو هو الصغير الخفيف وفي التكملة الصغير الخفيف.

Or it is the small and light. And in Al-Takmilah, it is the small and light.

ج: بذوق قال الشاعر فحذف الياء: وللشر سواق خفاف بذوقها أراد بياذقها كأنه جعل البيذق بذقا قاله ابن بزرج.

Plural: 'budhūq'. The poet said, omitting the 'ya': 'And for evil, swift drivers, with their 'budhūq' (movement)', meaning 'their infantry', as if he made the 'baydaq' into a 'badhq', according to Ibn Buzraj.

قال الخارزنجي: والمبذقة كمحدثة من كلامه) أفضل من فعله كما في العباب.

Al-Khārazanjī said: 'Al-mabdhaqah' (like 'muḥdathah') from his speech is better than his action, as in Al-'Abāb.

بذقون بالتحريك وضم القاف كورة بمصر من أعمال الحوف الغربي لها ذكر في الفتوح كما في المعجم.

'Badhaqūn' (with harakah on the 'dhal' and dammah on the 'qaf') is a district in Egypt, from the works of Al-Gharbiyyah, mentioned in the conquest accounts, as in Al-Mu'jam.

والبيذقي: قرية أخرى بالقبلية.

And 'Al-Baydhqī': another village in Al-Qibliyyah.