ءه ق

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root entry primarily discusses a specific type of wild herb, known by various names. It explores the etymology and different appellations of this plant, citing classical poets and lexicographers to clarify its identity and nomenclature.

Derived headwords

الأيهقانnoun

1.
wild herbclassical
A tall wild herb with a red flower, broad leaves, and a bitter taste, sometimes eaten. It is also known as al-nahq or al-jurayr al-barri.

نهقnoun

1.
wild herbclassical
The actual name for the plant referred to as al-ayhaqan, according to Abu Ziyad. The singular form is nahqah.

نهقةnoun

1.
a single plantclassical
The singular form of nahq, referring to one plant of the wild herb.

الجرجير البريnoun

1.
wild arugulaclassical
Another name for the wild herb al-ayhaqan, as stated in Al-Sihah.

بهاءnoun

1.
a single plantclassical
The singular form of the wild herb, al-jurayr al-barri.

المكنانnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant mentioned alongside al-ayhaqan and al-dharaqa in a poetic verse.

الذرقاnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant mentioned alongside al-ayhaqan and al-maknan in a poetic verse.

الجونadjective

1.
dark-coloredclassical
Describing al-ayhaqan as dark-colored or black.

الزهرnoun

1.
flowersclassical
Refers to the flowers of the wild herb al-ayhaqan.

الأيهمانnoun

1.
wild herbclassical
Another name for the wild herb, considered synonymous with al-nahq by some narrators.

الكثأةnoun

1.
wild herbclassical
A name for the wild herb, described as being about the length of a forearm, with broader leaves than al-hawa'ah, and white flowers.

الكثاةnoun

1.
wild herbclassical
A variant pronunciation of al-kath'ah, referring to the same wild herb.

الحواءةnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant whose leaf is used as a reference point for the width of the leaf of al-kath'ah.

الصيمرانnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant name cited as an example of the 'fiy'alan' pattern.

الزيبدانnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant name cited as an example of the 'fiy'alan' pattern.

الهيردانnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant name cited as an example of the 'fiy'alan' pattern.

الخيزرانnoun

1.
bambooclassical
A plant name cited as an example of the 'fiy'alan' pattern, used to illustrate its frequency.

الحيسمانnoun

1.
a type of plantclassical
A plant name cited as an example of the less common 'af'alan' pattern.

Parallel reading

الأيهقان فيعلان، بضم العين عشب يطول في السماء طولا شديدا وله وردة حمراء، وورقه عريض، ويؤكل يأكله الناس

Al-ayhaqan is a fiy'alan, with a damma on the 'ayn, a herb that grows very tall towards the sky, has a red flower, broad leaves, and is eaten by people.

وهو الذي يقول فيه لبيد رضي الله عنه: (فعلا فروع الأيهقان وأطفلت ... بالجلهتين ظباؤها ونعامها)

And it is about which Labīd, may God be pleased with him, says: (The branches of al-ayhaqan grew tall... and its gazelles and ostriches gave birth in the two plains).

وإنما اسمه النهق، واحدته نهقة.

Its name is actually al-nahq, and its singular is nahqah.

أو هو الجرجير البري كما في الصحاح، وهو قول أبي نصر واحدته بهاء

Or it is the wild arugula, as in Al-Sihah, which is the opinion of Abu Nasr, its singular being bahā'.

فأنبت الغفو والريحان وابله ... والأيهقان مع المكنان والذرقا

So his downpour grew the ghufw and basil... and al-ayhaqan along with al-maknan and al-dharaqa.

تربع الروض في بهمى وفي نفل ... يزينه الأيهقان الجون والزهر

The meadow grew lush with pasture and clover... adorned by the dark al-ayhaqan and its flowers.

وقال بعض الرواة: الأيهمان والنهق شيء واحد

And some narrators said: Al-ayhaman and al-nahq are one and the same.

وزعم أنه يقال له: الكثأة

And he claimed it is called: al-kath'ah.

فقال: هو عشبة تستقل مقدار الساعد. ولها ورقة أعرض من ورقة الحواءة. وزهرة بيضاء، هي تؤكل، وفيها مرارة

He said: It is a herb about the measure of a forearm. It has a leaf broader than the leaf of al-hawa'ah, and a white flower; it is eaten and has bitterness.

وقال غيره: زهره كزهر الكرنب، وبزره كبزره، وثمره سرمقي الشكل

And others said: Its flowers are like cabbage flowers, its seeds like its seeds, and its fruit is onion-shaped.

وهذا الذي قاله أبو حنيفة عن أبي زياد من أن الأيهقان مغير عن النهق، مقلوب منه خطأ

And this which Abu Hanifa said from Abu Ziyad, that al-ayhaqan is a modification of al-nahq, an inversion of it, is an error.

لأن سيبويه قد حكى الأيهقان في الأمثلة الصحيحة الوضعية التي لم يعن بهما غيرها، فقال: ويكون على فيعلان في الاسم والصفة، نحو الأيهقان، والصيمران والزيبدان، والهيردان

Because Sibawayh has narrated al-ayhaqan in examples of correct formation, for which no other meaning was intended, saying: And it can be on the fiy'alan pattern for nouns and adjectives, like al-ayhaqan, al-simran, al-zaybadan, and al-hirdan.

وإنما حملناه على فيعلان دون أفعلان وإن كانت الهمزة تقع أولا زائدة لكثرة فيعلان، كالخيزران والحيسمان، وقلة أفعلان.

And we only carried it over to fiy'alan instead of af'alan, even though the hamza can be an addition at the beginning, because of the abundance of fiy'alan, like al-khayzuran and al-haysaman, and the scarcity of af'alan.