ع ن ف

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns roughness, harshness, and lack of gentleness, whether in actions, speech, or physical qualities. It extends to concepts of abruptness, immaturity, and the beginning or early stages of something.

Derived headwords

العُنْفnoun

1.
Harshness, roughnessboth
The opposite of gentleness and kindness; acting with roughness or lack of consideration.
2.
Lack of gentlenessclassical
A deficiency in being gentle or kind, particularly in dealing with matters.

عَنُفَverb

1.
to be harsh withboth
To be harsh or rough towards someone.

عَنِفَverb

1.
to be harsh withboth
To be harsh or rough towards someone.

أَعْنَفْتُهُverb

1.
to reproach, to scoldboth
To reproach, blame, or scold someone harshly.

عَنَّفْتُهُverb

1.
to reproach, to scoldboth
To reproach, blame, or scold someone harshly with reprimands.

العَنِيفadjective

1.
Rough riderclassical
One who is not gentle or skilled in riding horses.
2.
Harsh (in speech)both
Harsh or severe in speech.
3.
Severe (in pace)classical
Severe or intense in pace or movement.
4.
Rough, ungentleboth
One who is not gentle or mild in their affairs.

عُنُفnoun

1.
Harshnessclassical
Harshness or roughness, similar to 'unf'.

عُنْفَةnoun

1.
Harshnessclassical
Harshness or roughness, similar to 'unf'.

اعْتِنَافًاnoun

1.
Beginning, startingclassical
Starting something, with the hamza changed to an 'ayn'. This is the 'an'an' dialect of Banu Tamim.

عُنْفُوَانnoun

1.
Youth, primeboth
The early stage of youth, immaturity, or the prime of life.
2.
Beginning, early stageboth
The beginning or early part of something, like growth or a process.
3.
Vigor of wineclassical
The strength or potency of wine.
4.
Juice of grapesclassical
The liquid that flows from grapes without pressing.

عَنَفُوهverb

1.
to be its beginningclassical
To be the beginning or the prime of its splendor.

العُنْفُوَانnoun

1.
Beginning, early stageboth
The beginning or early part of something, like growth or a process.

العُنْفُوَةnoun

1.
Dried pithclassical
The dried pith of a plant.

العَنَفَةnoun

1.
Water impact on millstoneclassical
The impact of water that turns a millstone.
2.
Strip between cropsclassical
The strip of land between rows of crops.

اعْتَنَفَverb

1.
to take on with harshnessboth
To undertake a matter with harshness and force.
2.
to begin, to startboth
To begin or initiate something.
3.
to be ignorant of, to find difficultclassical
To be ignorant of something or to find it difficult and arduous.
4.
to dislike, to find uncongenialclassical
To dislike something, such as food or land, finding it uncongenial or disagreeable.
5.
to move away fromclassical
To move away from a place or situation, similar to 'inta'kaf'.
6.
to grazeclassical
To graze on the best or freshest part of a pasture.
7.
to deviate, to strayclassical
To deviate from a course or intention, not proceeding directly or purposefully.

المُعْتَنِفadjective

1.
Rough, ungentleclassical
One who is not gentle or mild in their affairs.

الأَعْنَفadjective

1.
Harsh, roughclassical
Similar to 'al-'anif', meaning harsh or rough.

عَنِفَadjective

1.
Rough, ungentleclassical
Similar to 'al-'anif', meaning rough or ungentle.

العُنْفnoun

1.
Harshness, roughnessclassical
Harshness or roughness, similar to 'unf'.

أَعْنَفَverb

1.
to take with forceclassical
To take or seize something with force or intensity.

العُنْفnoun

1.
Roughness, hardnessclassical
Roughness, hardness, or severity.

عُنْفُوَانnoun

1.
Intensity of wineclassical
The intensity or potency of wine.

العُنْفُوَانnoun

1.
Juice of grapesclassical
The liquid that flows from grapes without pressing.

Parallel reading

هو ضد الرفق الخرق بالأمر، وقلة الرفق به

It is the opposite of gentleness, clumsiness in a matter, and lack of gentleness with it.

ويعطي على الرفق ما لا يعطي على العنف

And He gives for gentleness what He does not give for harshness.

عنف ككرم عليه، وبه يعنف عنفا وعنافة

He was harsh with him, as one is with 'karam', and he was harsh with it, experiencing 'unfan' and 'anafatan'.

وعيرته ولمته، ووبخته بالتقريع

And I reproached him and blamed him, and I scolded him with reprimands.

والعنيف: من لا رفق له بركوب الخيل

And the 'anif': one who has no gentleness in riding horses.

يزل الغلام الخف عن صهواته ... ويلوي بأثواب العنيف المثقل

The light boy slips from its heights... and the heavy, unskillful rider twists in his garments.

لم يركبوا الخيل إلا بعد ماهرموا ... فهم ثقال على أكتافها عنف

They did not ride horses except after they grew old... so they are heavy on their shoulders, rough riders.

والعنيف: الشديد من القول

And 'al-'anif': the severe one in speech.

فإن ابن ترنى إذا جئتكم ... أراه يدافع قولا عنيفا

For Ibn Turna, when I come to you... I see him defending harsh words.

والعنيف أيضا: الشديد من السير

And 'al-'anif' also: the severe one in pace.

يقال: كان ذلك منا عنفة بالضم وعنفة بضمتين، واعتنافا: أي ائتنافا قلبت الهمزة عينا

It is said: that was from us 'unfatan' (with one damma) and 'unfatan' (with two dammas), and 'i'tināfan': meaning 'i'tināfan', where the hamza was changed to an 'ayn'.

وهو فعلوان من العنف

And it is 'fa'luwan' from 'al-'unf'.

أنشأت تطلب الذي ضيعته ... في عنفوان شبابك المترجرج

You began seeking what you lost... in the turbulent prime of your youth.

عنفوان المكرع أي: أوله

'Unfuwan al-mukra' means: its beginning.

ماذا تقول نيبها تلمس وقد دعاها العنفوان المخلس

What do you say about her teeth that feel, when the deceptive prime has called her?

هم يخرجون عنفوانا عنفا عنفا، بالفتح، أي: أولا فأولا

They come out 'unfuwanan 'anfatan 'anfatan', with the fath, meaning: one by one, or first by first.

العنفة، محركة: الذي يضربه الماء فيدير الرحى

'Al-'anifah', with harakah: that which the water strikes to turn the millstone.

والعنفة أيضا: ما بين خطي الزرع

And 'al-'anifah' also: the strip between the lines of crops.

اعتنف الأمر: إذا أخذه بعنف وشدة

'I'atanafa al-amr': if he took it with harshness and force.

واعتنفه: ابتدأه

And 'i'atanafahu': he began it.

وبعض بني تميم يقول: اعتنف الأمر، بمعنى ائتنفه وهذه هي العنعنة

And some of Banu Tamim say: 'i'atanafa al-amr', meaning 'i'tanifah', and this is the 'an'anah'.

اعتنف الشيء: جهله ووجد له مشقة وعنفا

'I'atanafa al-shay'': he was ignorant of the thing and found hardship and roughness in it.

بأربع لا يعتنفن العفقا

With four, they do not ignore the intensity of the race.

أو اعتنفه اعتنافا: إذا أتاه ولم يكن له به علم

Or 'i'atanafahu i'itināfan': if he came to it without having knowledge of it.

إذا تعتنفه الوقائع أي: ليس ينكرها

When the events confront him, meaning: he does not deny them.

فاعتنفته أي: أنكرته

So I found it uncongenial, meaning: I disliked it.

وذلك إذا لم يوافقه

And that is if it did not suit him.

اعتنف الأرض: إذا كرهها واستوخمها

'I'atanafa al-ard': if he disliked the land and found it unhealthy.

إذا اعتنفتني بلدة لم أكن لها ... نسيا، ولم تسدد علي المطالب

If a land confronts me, I was not its... forgotten one, and the demands were not met by me.

هذه إبل معتنفة: إذا كانت في أرض لا توافقها

These are 'mu'atanifah' camels: if they are in land that does not suit them.

اعتنف المجلس: إذا تحول عنه كائتنف

'I'atanafa al-majlis': if he moved away from it, like 'inta'kaf'.

ليحدث له بالقيام واعتناف المجلس ما يذعر عنه النوم

So that standing up and moving away from the gathering would dispel sleep from him.

اعتنف المراعي: إذا رعى أنفها

'I'atanafa al-marā'ī': if he grazed its best part.

طريق معتنف: أي غير قاصد

A 'mu'atanif' road: meaning not direct.

وقد اعتنف اعتنافا إذا جار ولم يقصد

And he deviated 'i'itināfan' if he strayed and did not intend.

وعنفه: لامه بعنف وشدة

And 'anfah': he blamed him with harshness and severity.

شددت عليه الوطء لا متظالعا ... ولا عنفا حتى يتم جبورها

I intensified the pressure on it, not faltering... nor roughly, until its mending is complete.

إذا قادني يوم القيامة قائد ... عنيف وسواق يسوق الفرزدقا

If on the Day of Resurrection a leader leads me... a harsh one, and a driver driving Al-Farazdaq.

وأنت بهز المشرفية أعنف

And you, with the sharp sword, are harsher.

أعنف الشيء: أخذه بشدة

'A'anafa al-shay'': to take it with force.

وبه فسر اللحياني ما أنشده: فقذفت ببيضة فيها عنف

And with this, Al-Laythani interpreted what he recited: 'So I threw an egg in which there was hardness'.

وعنفوان الخمر: حدتها

And 'unfuwan al-khamr': its intensity.

والعنفوان: ما سال من العنب من غير اعتصار

And 'al-'unfuwan': what flows from the grapes without pressing.