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ص ي ف

Root entry · 32 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the season of summer and related concepts. It extends to terms for summer rain, hot days, summer provisions, and actions associated with the summer season, such as residing in a place during summer or campaigning during that time.

Derived headwords

الصَّيْفnoun
  1. 1.
    summerboth

    The season of summer, considered one of the four seasons of the year. It is sometimes described as the hottest part of the year or the period after spring.

  2. 2.
    summer rainboth

    Rain that falls during the summer season, or specifically after the spring season.

الصيف: القيظ نفسه أو هو بعد الربيع الأول، وقبل القيظ، وهو أحد فصول السنة — Summer: the heat itself, or it is after the first spring and before the peak heat, and it is one of the seasons of the year.
ولقد وردت الماء لم يشرب به ... بين الربيع إلى شهور الصيف — And I came to the water which had not been drunk from... between spring and the months of summer.
أَصْيَافnoun
  1. 1.
    summersboth

    The plural of ṣayf, referring to multiple summer seasons.

صُيُوفnoun
  1. 1.
    summersboth

    Another plural form of ṣayf, referring to multiple summer seasons.

الصَّيْفَةnoun
  1. 1.
    summer (specific)classical

    A more specific term for summer, similar to 'winter' (شتوة).

صَيْفnoun
  1. 1.
    summer (specific)classical

    A specific instance or period of summer, used as a plural for الصيفة.

صَائِفadjective
  1. 1.
    summer (adj.)both

    Pertaining to or occurring in summer.

  2. 2.
    hotboth

    Describing a hot day or night.

ويقال: صيف صائف وهو توكيد له — And it is said: a summer, a summer, which is an emphasis for it.
الصَّيْف كسيدnoun
  1. 1.
    summer rainboth

    Rain that comes in the summer, or after the spring.

الصيف كسيد، ويخفف: لغة فيه مثال هين، ولين ولين: المطر الذي يجيء في الصيف — Summer (pronounced Sayf like Sayyid): a variant pronunciation, like hayyin, layyin, and layyin: the rain that comes in the summer.
صَيْفِيّadjective
  1. 1.
    summer (adj.)both

    Relating to or characteristic of summer.

ويوم صائف قال الجوهري: وربما قالوا: يوم صاف بمعنى صائف، كما قالوا: يوم راح، ويوم طان، أي: حار وكذلك ليلة صائفة. — And a summer day, Al-Jawhari said: and sometimes they say: a clear day meaning a hot day, just as they said: a breezy day, and a muddy day, meaning hot; and likewise a hot night.
يَوْم صَائِفnoun phrase
  1. 1.
    hot dayboth

    A day characterized by intense heat, typical of summer.

ويوم صائف قال الجوهري: وربما قالوا: يوم صاف بمعنى صائف، كما قالوا: يوم راح، ويوم طان، أي: حار وكذلك ليلة صائفة. — And a summer day, Al-Jawhari said: and sometimes they say: a clear day meaning a hot day, just as they said: a breezy day, and a muddy day, meaning hot; and likewise a hot night.
لَيْلَة صَائِفَةnoun phrase
  1. 1.
    hot nightboth

    A night characterized by intense heat, typical of summer.

وكذلك ليلة صائفة. — And likewise a hot night.
صَائِفَةnoun
  1. 1.
    summer campaignclassical

    A military expedition, particularly one undertaken by the Romans during the summer.

  2. 2.
    summer provisionsclassical

    Provisions or supplies gathered for the summer, or the second set of provisions after the spring ones.

والصائفة: غزوة الروم لأنهم كانوا يغزون صيفا لمكان البرد والثلج. — And the Sa'ifah: the campaign of the Romans because they used to campaign in the summer due to the cold and snow.
والصائفة من القوم: ميرتهم في الصيف — And the Sa'ifah of a people: their provisions in the summer.
يُصِيف بهverb
  1. 1.
    to spend summerboth

    To reside in a place during the summer season.

وصاف به: أي بالمكان، يصيف به صيفا: إذا أقام به صيفا — And to spend summer in it: meaning in the place, to spend summer in it for a summer: if one stays in it during the summer.
أُصِيفَت الأرضverb
  1. 1.
    to be rained on (summer)classical

    The land was struck by summer rain.

وصيفت الأرض، كعني: أي: بالبناء للمجهول، كان في الأصل صيفت، فاستثقلت الضمة مع الياء فحذفت، وكسرت الصاد لتدل عليها فهي مصيفة ومصيوفة على الأصل: إذا أصابها مطر الصيف. — And the land was rained upon, as in 'uni: meaning: in the passive voice, it was originally 'ṣīfat', but the damma with the ya was felt heavy so it was deleted, and the sad was kasraed to indicate it, so it is 'muṣayyafah' and 'maṣyūfah' on the original form: if it was struck by summer rain.
مُصَيِّفadjective
  1. 1.
    summeringboth

    One who spends the summer in a place.

  2. 2.
    summer resortboth

    A place where one spends the summer.

ومصيف ومصيفة: معها ولدها — And muṣayf and muṣayfah: with her young.
مَصِيفnoun
  1. 1.
    summer resortboth

    A place where one spends the summer.

  2. 2.
    time of summerclassical

    The period of summer.

والمصيف: المعوج من مجاري الماء، من صاف، كالمضيق من ضاق — And al-maṣīf: the winding of watercourses, from ṣāfa, like al-maḍīq from ḍāqa.
مَصْيَافadjective
  1. 1.
    one who marries lateclassical

    A man who does not marry until his hair turns gray.

  2. 2.
    late-blooming (land)classical

    Land where vegetation grows late.

ورجل مصياف كمحراب: لا يتزوج حتى يشمط نقله الصاغاني، وهو مجاز. — And a man maṣyāf like miḥrāb: does not marry until he gets gray hair, as narrated by Al-Saghani, and this is metaphorical.
مُصْطَافnoun
  1. 1.
    summer resortboth

    A place where one spends the summer.

والموضع مصطاف كما يقال: مرتبع. — And the place is a summer resort, as it is said: a place for spring grazing.
أَصَافَverb
  1. 1.
    to have children lateclassical

    To have offspring in old age.

  2. 2.
    to enter summerboth

    To enter the season of summer.

  3. 3.
    to avertclassical

    To turn away or avert something (e.g., evil).

وأصاف الرجل فهو مصيف: ولد له على الكبر — And a man aṣāfa, so he is muṣayf: he had children in his old age.
وأصاف القوم: دخلوا في الصيف — And aṣāfa a people: they entered into summer.
مُصَيِّفadjective
  1. 1.
    summeringboth

    One who spends the summer in a place.

من يك ذا بت فهذا بتي مقيظ مصيف مشتي — Whoever has a dwelling, this is my dwelling, a place for summering, wintering, and staying.
تَصَيَّفَverb
  1. 1.
    to spend summerboth

    To spend time or reside in a place during the summer.

فتصيفنا ماء بدحل ساكنا ... يستن فوق سراته العلجوم — So we spent the summer at a still water in a cave... flowing over its rocky heights.
اصْطَافَverb
  1. 1.
    to spend summerboth

    To reside or spend time in a place during the summer.

واصطاف بمعنى أقام في الصيف — And iṣṭāfa meaning to stay in the summer.
مُصَايَفَةnoun
  1. 1.
    summering (act of)both

    The act of spending the summer in a place.

وعامله مصايفة: من الصيف، كالمشاهرة: من الشهر — And to deal with him for a summer period: from summer, like monthly: from month.
صَيَّفَverb
  1. 1.
    to be rained on (summer)classical

    The people were rained upon (with summer rain).

وصيَّف القوم، بالبناء للمجهول مع تشديد الياء: أي مطروا. — And ṣayyifa the people, in the passive voice with a shadda on the ya: meaning they were rained upon.
اصْطِيفَverb
  1. 1.
    to spend summerclassical

    To spend the summer in a place.

واصيف بالمكان، مثل صيف — And iṣṭīfa in the place, like ṣayf.
مُصْطَافَهُمnoun
  1. 1.
    their summer resortboth

    The place where they spend their summer.

واصيفت وذا مصيفهم، ومتصيفهم: أي مصطافهم — And iṣṭīfa, and this is their summer resort, and their place of summering: meaning their summer resort.
صَيَّافnoun
  1. 1.
    summer workerboth

    One hired to work during the summer season.

واستأجره صيافا، ككتاب: أي مصايفة. — And hired him as a summer worker, like kitāb: meaning for a summer period.
الصَّيْفِيَّةnoun
  1. 1.
    summer provisionsclassical

    Provisions gathered before the winter provisions (الدفئية).

والصيفية: الميرة قبل الدفئية. — And the ṣayfiyyah: the provisions before the winter provisions.
صَيْفِيُّونadjective
  1. 1.
    summer-bornclassical

    Referring to offspring born during the summer, or metaphorically, those who are late to mature.

إن بني صبية صيفيون أفلح من كان له ربعيون — Indeed, my sons are summer-born; successful is he who has those born in the spring.
صَيْفِيّnoun
  1. 1.
    summer grassclassical

    Grass that grows in the summer.

الصيف، كسيد: الكلأ ينبت في الصيف، - كالصيفي. — Summer, like Sayyid: the fodder that grows in the summer, - like ṣayfiyy.
صيفيname
  1. 1.
    name of a personboth

    A given name, such as Ṣayfī bin Aktham bin Ṣayfī.

وصيفي: اسم رجل، وهو - صيفي بن أكثم بن صيفي، وأبوه من حكماء العرب. — And Ṣayfī: a man's name, and it is Ṣayfī bin Aktham bin Ṣayfī, and his father was among the wise men of the Arabs.
المصيفnoun
  1. 1.
    winding watercourseclassical

    A meandering or winding channel for water.

والمصيف: المعوج من مجاري الماء، من صاف، كالمضيق من ضاق — And al-maṣīf: the winding of watercourses, from ṣāfa, like al-maḍīq from ḍāqa.
الصَّيْفnoun
  1. 1.
    female owlclassical

    The female of the owl.

والصيف: الأنثى من البوم، عن كراع. — And al-ṣayf: the female of the owl, according to Kra'a.

Parallel reading

الصيف: القيظ نفسه أو هو بعد الربيع الأول، وقبل القيظ، وهو أحد فصول السنة، نقله الجوهري.
Summer: the heat itself, or it is after the first spring and before the peak heat, and it is one of the seasons of the year, as narrated by Al-Jawhari.
وقال الليث: الصيف: ربع من أرباع السنة، وعند العامة: نصف السنة.
And Al-Layth said: Summer is a quarter of the quarters of the year, and among the common people: half the year.
وقال الأزهري: الصيف عند العرب: الفصل الذي تسميه عوام الناس بالعراق وخراسان الربيع، وهي ثلاثة أشهر، والفصل الذي يليه عند العرب القيظ، وفيه تكون حمراء القيظ، ثم بعده فصل الخريف، ثم بعده فصل الشتاء.
And Al-Azhari said: Summer among the Arabs is the season that the common people in Iraq and Khurasan call spring, and it is three months, and the season that follows it among the Arabs is the peak heat, and in it is the intense heat of summer, then after it is the autumn season, then after it is the winter season.
ويقال: صيف صائف وهو توكيد له، كما يقال: ليل لائل، وهمج هامج، نقله الجوهري.
And it is said: a summer, a summer, which is an emphasis for it, just as it is said: a night, a dark night, and a swarm, a dense swarm, as narrated by Al-Jawhari.
والصيف كسيد، ويخفف: لغة فيه مثال هين، ولين ولين: المطر الذي يجيء في الصيف نقله الجوهري، قال أبو كبير الهذلي:
And Summer (pronounced Sayf like Sayyid), and it is lightened: a variant pronunciation, like hayyin, layyin, and layyin: the rain that comes in the summer, as narrated by Al-Jawhari, Abu Kabir Al-Hudhali said:
ولقد وردت الماء لم يشرب به ... بين الربيع إلى شهور الصيف
And I came to the water which had not been drunk from... between spring and the months of summer.
بأهلي أهل الدار إذ يسكنونها ... وجادك من دار ربيع وصيف
With my family, the people of the dwelling when they inhabited it... And may it rain upon you from the dwelling, spring and summer.
ويوم صائف قال الجوهري: وربما قالوا: يوم صاف بمعنى صائف، كما قالوا: يوم راح، ويوم طان، أي: حار وكذلك ليلة صائفة.
And a summer day, Al-Jawhari said: and sometimes they say: a clear day meaning a hot day, just as they said: a breezy day, and a muddy day, meaning hot; and likewise a hot night.
والصائفة: غزوة الروم لأنهم كانوا يغزون صيفا لمكان البرد والثلج.
And the Sa'ifah: the campaign of the Romans because they used to campaign in the summer due to the cold and snow.
والصائفة من القوم: ميرتهم في الصيف نقله الجوهري، وقال غيره: هي الميرة قبل الصيف، وهي الميرة الثانية، وذلك لأن أول المير الربعية، ثم الصائفة، ثم الدفئية، وقد تقدم.
And the Sa'ifah of a people: their provisions in the summer, as narrated by Al-Jawhari, and others said: it is the provisions before summer, and it is the second set of provisions, because the first provisions are the spring ones, then the summer ones, then the winter ones, and this has been mentioned before.
وصاف به: أي بالمكان، يصيف به صيفا: إذا أقام به صيفا وفي الصحاح: أقام به الصيف.
And to spend summer in it: meaning in the place, to spend summer in it for a summer: if one stays in it during the summer, and in Al-Sihah: to stay in it during the summer.
وصيفت الأرض، كعني أي: بالبناء للمجهول، كان في الأصل صيفت، فاستثقلت الضمة مع الياء فحذفت، وكسرت الصاد لتدل عليها فهي مصيفة ومصيوفة على الأصل: إذا أصابها مطر الصيف.
And the land was rained upon, as in 'uni: meaning: in the passive voice, it was originally 'ṣīfat', but the damma with the ya was felt heavy so it was deleted, and the sad was kasraed to indicate it, so it is 'muṣayyafah' and 'maṣyūfah' on the original form: if it was struck by summer rain.
ورجل مصياف كمحراب: لا يتزوج حتى يشمط نقله الصاغاني، وهو مجاز.
And a man maṣyāf like miḥrāb: does not marry until he gets gray hair, as narrated by Al-Saghani, and this is metaphorical.
وأصاف الرجل فهو مصيف: ولد له على الكبر وفي اللسان: إذا لم يولد له حتى يسن ويكبر، وقال غيره: أصاف: ترك النساء شبابا ثم تزوج كبيرا، وقد تقدم، وهو مجاز.
And a man aṣāfa, so he is muṣayf: he had children in his old age, and in Al-Lisan: if he did not have children until he grew old and aged, and others said: aṣāfa: he left women in his youth then married when old, and this has been mentioned before, and it is metaphorical.
وأصاف القوم: دخلوا في الصيف كما يقال: أشتوا: إذا دخلوا في الشتاء.
And aṣāfa a people: they entered into summer, just as it is said: they entered winter: if they entered into winter.
وصيفني هذا الشيء: أي كفاني لصيفتي نقله الجوهري، والمراد بالشيء طعام أو ثوب، أو غيرهما، وأنشد قول الراجز:
And this thing sufficed me: meaning it was enough for my summer needs, as narrated by Al-Jawhari, and the thing intended is food or clothing, or other than them, and he recited the saying of the rajaz poet:
من يك ذا بت فهذا بتي مقيظ مصيف مشتي
Whoever has a dwelling, this is my dwelling, a place for summering, wintering, and staying.
وتصيف، واصطاف بمعنى أقام في الصيف، قال الجوهري: كما تقول: تشتى من الشتاء، قال لبيد:
And taṣayyfa, and iṣṭāfa meaning to stay in the summer, Al-Jawhari said: just as you say: to spend winter from winter, Labīd said:
فتصيفنا ماء بدحل ساكنا ... يستن فوق سراته العلجوم
So we spent the summer at a still water in a cave... flowing over its rocky heights.
والموضع مصطاف كما يقال: مرتبع.
And the place is a summer resort, as it is said: a place for spring grazing.
وعامله مصايفة: من الصيف، كالمشاهرة: من الشهر والمعاومة: من العام.
And to deal with him for a summer period: from summer, like monthly: from month, and yearly: from year.
الصيف، كسيد: الكلأ ينبت في الصيف، - كالصيفي.
Summer, like Sayyid: the fodder that grows in the summer, - like ṣayfiyy.
وصيَّف القوم، بالبناء للمجهول مع تشديد الياء: أي مطروا.
And ṣayyifa the people, in the passive voice with a shadda on the ya: meaning they were rained upon.
واصيف بالمكان، مثل صيف، قال الهذلي:
And iṣṭīfa in the place, like ṣayf, Al-Hudhali said:
تصيفت نعمان واصيفت وذا مصيفهم، ومتصيفهم: أي مصطافهم، قال سيبويه: والمصيف: اسم الزمان، أجري مجرى المكان.
Taṣayyfa Nu'man, and iṣṭīfa, and this is their summer resort, and their place of summering: meaning their summer resort, Sibawayh said: And al-maṣīf: is a noun of time, treated as a place.
واستأجره صيافا، ككتاب: أي مصايفة.
And hired him as a summer worker, like kitāb: meaning for a summer period.
والصيفية: الميرة قبل الدفئية.
And the ṣayfiyyah: the provisions before the winter provisions.
والمصيف: المعوج من مجاري الماء، من صاف، كالمضيق من ضاق نقله الجوهري.
And al-maṣīf: the winding of watercourses, from ṣāfa, like al-maḍīq from ḍāqa, as narrated by Al-Jawhari.
والصيف: الأنثى من البوم، عن كراع.
And al-ṣayf: the female of the owl, according to Kra'a.
وصيفي: اسم رجل، وهو - صيفي بن أكثم بن صيفي، وأبوه من حكماء العرب.
And Ṣayfī: a man's name, and it is Ṣayfī bin Aktham bin Ṣayfī, and his father was among the wise men of the Arabs.