ش ر ف

Root entry · 18 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns elevation, height, and loftiness, both physically and metaphorically. It extends to concepts of honor, nobility, prestige, and high status, often linked to lineage or elevated position. It also encompasses geographical features like high ground, mountains, and elevated places, as well as abstract notions of being on the verge of something.

Derived headwords

الشَّرَفnoun

1.
Elevation, high placeboth
Physical height, an elevated location, or high ground.
2.
Honor, nobilityboth
Prestige, high status, and dignity, often associated with lineage or noble deeds.
3.
Expanse, distanceclassical
A stretch of land, often referring to a mile or two, particularly in the context of horse racing.
4.
Hump of a camelclassical
Metaphorically refers to the hump of a camel.
5.
Geographical locationboth
A specific place name, often a mountain, hill, or region.

آتي الندى فلا يقرب مجلسي ... وأقود للشرف الرفيع حماري — I come with dew, so do not approach my assembly... and I lead my donkey to the high honor.

الشرف: كل نشز من الأرض، قد أشرف على ما حوله — Honor: every elevation of the land that overlooks its surroundings.

شَرِيفadjective

1.
Honorable, nobleboth
Possessing honor, nobility, high status, or distinguished lineage.
2.
High, elevatedboth
Physically high or elevated.
3.
Distinguishedboth
Remarkable or outstanding.

يقال: رجل شريف، أي: ماجد — It is said: a noble man, meaning: a glorious one.

أَشْرَفَverb

1.
To overlook, to be elevatedboth
To be situated at a height and look down upon something, or to be physically elevated.
2.
To be on the verge ofboth
To be close to experiencing something, whether good or bad.
3.
To honorclassical
To bestow honor upon someone.

أشرف لي شرف فما زلت أركض حتى علوته — A high place appeared to me, and I kept running until I ascended it.

هو على شرف من قضاء حاجته — He is on the verge of fulfilling his need.

شُرُفnoun

1.
High places, eminencesboth
Plural of 'sharaf', referring to elevated locations or high ground.
2.
Battlements, parapetsclassical
The elevated structures on top of walls, often for defense.

ج شرفاء، كأمير، وأمراء، وأشراف، كيتيم، وأيتام — Plural of 'sharaf', like 'amir' and 'umara', and 'ashraf', like 'yatim' and 'aytamm.

شَارِفnoun

1.
Old, aged camel (female)both
An old and worn-out female camel.
2.
Old arrowclassical
An old or worn-out arrow.
3.
Tribulations, afflictionsclassical
Metaphorically refers to dark and overwhelming tribulations or periods of strife.

وإن لي ممر الشرف — And I have the passage of the old ones.

ألا يا حمز للشرف النواء — O Hamza, for the old ones are the strong ones.

شُرُوفnoun

1.
Old age, decrepitudeclassical
The state of being old and infirm, particularly referring to animals.

شروفا، بالضم، ككرم، ونصر — Shuruf, with damma, like karuma and nasara.

شُرُفَاءnoun

1.
High places, battlementsclassical
Plural of 'shurfah', referring to elevated structures or high places.

والمدائن شرفا — And the cities with battlements.

شُرْفَةnoun

1.
Battlement, balconyboth
An elevated structure on a wall, a balcony, or a high place.

الواحدة شرفة — The singular is 'shurfah'.

شَرَفِيّadjective

1.
Related to Sharafboth
Pertaining to or originating from a place named Sharaf.

الحاكم أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الشرفي — Al-Hakim Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Muhammad Al-Sharafi.

شَارُوفnoun

1.
Broomclassical
A broom, derived from Persian.
2.
Mountainclassical
A mountain, possibly a neologism.

والمكنسة تسمى شاروفا وهو معرب جاروب — And the broom is called 'sharuf', and it is an Arabicized form of 'jarub'.

شَرَافnoun

1.
Place nameclassical
A specific location, possibly a water source or a mountain.

مررن على شراف فذات رجل — They passed by Sharaf, then Dhat Rajil.

شَارَفَverb

1.
To be close to, to approachboth
To be nearing a certain state or time, to be about to become.

وشارف عن قليل كذا في بعض نسخ الكتاب وهو الصواب — And 'sharifa' after a short while, as in some copies of the book, and this is correct.

شَرَفَverb

1.
To grow old, to become decrepitclassical
To reach an advanced age and become weak or infirm.

وقد شرفت، شروفا، بالضم، ككرم، ونصر — And she grew old, shurufan, with damma, like karuma and nasara.

شُرُفُnoun

1.
Old female camelsclassical
Plural of 'sharifah', referring to old female camels.

ج شوارف، وشرف، ككتب، وركع — Plural 'shawarif', and 'shuruf', like 'kutub' and 'rukk'.

شَوَارِفnoun

1.
Old female camelsclassical
Plural of 'sharifah', referring to old female camels.

ج شوارف، وشرف، ككتب، وركع — Plural 'shawarif', and 'shuruf', like 'kutub' and 'rukk'.

شَرَفَاءnoun

1.
High places, battlementsclassical
Plural of 'shurfah', referring to elevated structures or high places.

والمدائن شرفا — And the cities with battlements.

شُرُفُnoun

1.
Tribulations, afflictionsclassical
Plural of 'sharf', referring to dark and overwhelming tribulations.

أن تخرج بكم الشرف الجون بضمتين — That the dark tribulations emerge with you.

شَارِقnoun

1.
Rising sunclassical
The rising sun.
2.
Emerging tribulationsclassical
Metaphorically refers to tribulations emerging from a certain direction.

ويروى: الشرق الجون، بالقاف، جمع شارق، أي: الفتن الطالعة من ناحية المشرق — And it is narrated: 'Al-Sharq al-Jawn', with a qaf, plural of 'shariq', meaning: tribulations rising from the direction of the east.

Parallel reading

الشرف، محركة: العلو والمكان العالي

Al-sharaf, with harakah: elevation and a high place.

نقله الجوهري وأنشد: (آتي الندى فلا يقرب مجلسي ... وأقود للشرف الرفيع حماري)

Al-Jawhari transmitted it and recited: (I come with dew, so do not approach my assembly... and I lead my donkey to the high honor).

يقول: إني خرفت فلا ينتفع برأيي، وكبرت فلا أستطيع أن أركب من الأرض حماري، إلا من مكان عال.

He says: I have become senile, so my opinion is not benefited, and I have grown old, so I cannot mount my donkey from the ground, except from a high place.

وقال شمر: الشرف: كل نشز من الأرض، قد أشرف على ما حوله.

And Shamir said: Al-sharaf: every elevation of the land that overlooks its surroundings.

ويقال: أشرف لي شرف فما زلت أركض حتى علوته

And it is said: A high place appeared to me, and I kept running until I ascended it.

والشرف: المجد، يقال: رجل شريف، أي: ماجد

And al-sharaf: glory. It is said: a noble man, meaning: a glorious one.

أو الشرف: علو الحسب قاله ابن دريد.

Or al-sharaf: the loftiness of lineage, said Ibn Duraid.

الشرف من البعير: سنامه، وهو مجاز

Al-sharaf of a camel: its hump, and this is metaphorical.

والشرف: الشوط، يقال: عدا شرفا أو شرفين.

And al-sharaf: a course. It is said: he ran a course or two courses.

من المجاز: الشرف: الإشفاء على خطر من خير أو شر

From metaphor: Al-sharaf: being on the verge of danger, whether good or evil.

يقال في الخير: هو على شرف من قضاء حاجته، ويقال في الشر: هو على شرف من الهلاك.

In good: He is on the verge of fulfilling his need. And in evil: He is on the verge of destruction.

وشرف جبل قرب جبل شريف، كزبير، وشريف هذا أعلى جبل ببلاد العرب، هكذا تزعمه العرب، زاد المصنف، وقد صعدته

And Sharaf is a mountain near Jabal Sharif, like Zubayr. And this Sharif is the highest mountain in the Arab lands, so the Arabs claim. The author added, and I have ascended it.

والشرف: كبد نجد، وكان من منازل الملوك من بني آكل المرار من كندة

And Al-Sharaf: the heart of Najd, and it was among the residences of the kings of Banu Akil al-Murar from Kinda.

وفي الشرف لمن ضريه وضريه بئر وفي الشرف الريذة، وهي الحمى الأيمن

And in Al-Sharaf is Li-man Darriyah, and Darriyah is a well. And in Al-Sharaf is Al-Riyadhah, which is the right-hand protected pasture.

والشرف: ع بإشبيلية، من سوادها، كثير الزيتون

And Al-Sharaf: a place in Seville, from its countryside, with many olive trees.

شرف إشبيلية: جبل عظيم، شريف البقعة، كريم التربة، دائم الخضرة

Sharaf of Seville: a great mountain, noble in its location, generous in its soil, perpetually green.

إقليم الشرف على تل أحمر عال من تراب أحمر مسافته أربعون ميلا في مثلها

The region of Al-Sharaf is on a high red hill of red earth, its distance forty miles by forty miles.

منه: الحاكم أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الشرفي، خطيب قرطبة، وصاحب شرطتها

From it: Al-Hakim Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Muhammad Al-Sharafi, the orator of Cordoba, and its chief of police.

والشرف: محلة بمصر، والذي حققه المقريزي في الخطط، أن المسمى بالشرف ثلاثة مواضع بمصر أحدها المعروف بجبل الرصد.

And Al-Sharaf: a district in Egypt. And what Al-Maqrizi confirmed in Al-Khutat is that those named Al-Sharaf are three places in Egypt, one of them known as Jabal Al-Rasd.

وشرف البياض: من بلاد خولان، من جهة صعدة.

And Sharaf Al-Bayad: from the lands of Khawlan, from the direction of Sa'dah.

وشرف قلحاح: قلعة على جبل قلحاح، وقرب زبيد، حرسها الله تعالى، وسائر بلاد المسلمين.

And Sharaf Qalhah: a fortress on Jabal Qalhah, near Zabid, may God Almighty protect it and all Muslim lands.

والشرف الأعلى: جبل آخر هنالك، عليه حصن منيع، يعرف بحصن الشرف

And Al-Sharaf Al-A'la: another mountain there, upon which is an impregnable fortress, known as Hisn Al-Sharaf.

والشرف: ع، بدمشق، وهو جبل على طريق حاج الشام، ويعرف بشر البعل، وقيل: هو صقع من الشام.

And Al-Sharaf: a place in Damascus, and it is a mountain on the road of the Syrian pilgrims, and it is known as Shar Al-Ba'l, and it is said: it is a region of Syria.

وشرف الأرطى: منزل لتميم معروف.

And Sharaf Al-Arta: a known stopping place for Tamim.

وشرف الروحاء: بينها وبين ملل من المدينة المشرفة، على ستة وثلاثين ميلا

And Sharaf Al-Rauha: between it and Milal from the Honored City, at thirty-six miles.

احتجم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم الأحد بملل، على ليلة من المدينة، ثم راح فتعشى بشرف السيالة، وصلي الصبح بعرق الظبية

The Messenger of God, peace be upon him, was cupped on Sunday in Milal, a night's journey from Medina. Then he went and had dinner at Sharaf Al-Sayyal, and prayed the dawn prayer at 'Araq Al-Dhubi.

وشرف بن محمد المعافري، وعلي ابن إبراهيم الشرفي، كعربي: محدثان

And Sharaf bin Muhammad Al-Ma'afiri, and Ali bin Ibrahim Al-Sharafi, like 'Arabi: two traditionists.

شريف، كزبير: جبل، قد تقدم ذكره قريبا.

Sharif, like Zubayr: a mountain, its mention has preceded recently.

أيضا: ماء لبني نمير، بنجد، ومنه الحديث:) ما أحب أن أنفخ في الصلاة وأن لي ممر الشرف (.

Also: a water source for Banu Numayr, in Najd, and from it the Hadith: 'I would not like to sneeze in prayer, and that I have the passage of the old ones.'

وإسحاق بن شرفي، كسكري: من المحدثين، وهو شيخ للثوري، كما في التنبصير.

And Ishaq bin Sharafi, like Sukari: among the traditionists, and he is a teacher of Al-Thawri, as in Al-Tanbis.

وشرف الرجل، ككرم، فهو شريف اليوم، وشارف عن قليل

And the man's honor, like karam, so he is honorable today, and approaching after a while.

ج شرفاء، كأمير، وأمراء، وأشراف، كيتيم، وأيتام، عليه اقتصر الجوهري.

Plural 'shurafaa', like 'ameer' and 'umara', and 'ashraf', like 'yatim' and 'aytamm. Al-Jawhari limited himself to this.

والشارف من السهام: العتيق القديم

And Al-Sharif of arrows: the old, ancient one.

يقلب سهما راشه بمناكب ... ظهار لؤام فهو أعجف شارف

He turns an arrow whose feathers are on the shoulders... a strong, lean, old arrow.

والشارف من النوق: المسنة الهرمة

And Al-Sharifah of female camels: the aged, decrepit one.

وهي العالية السن، ومنه حديث ابن زمل:) وإذا أمام ذلك ناقة عجفاء شارف

And she is the aged one. And from it is the Hadith of Ibn Zamal: 'And ahead of that was a lean, old female camel.'

وقد شرفت، شروفا، بالضم، ككرم، ونصر

And she grew old, shurufan, with damma, like karuma and nasara.

ج شوارف، وشرف، ككتب، وركع

Plural 'shawarif', and 'shuruf', like 'kutub' and 'rukk'.

ولا يقال للجمل: شارف، وأنشد الليث: (نجاة من الهوج المراسيل همة ... كميت عليها كبرة فهي شارف)

And it is not said for a male camel: 'sharif'. And Al-Layth recited: (A survivor from the wild, unbridled, strong... a dark horse upon which is old age, so it is aged).

أصبت شارفا من مغنم بدر، وأعطاني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، شارفا فأنختهما بباب رجل من الأنصار، وحمزة في البيت، ومعه قينة تغنيه:

I obtained a she-camel from the spoils of Badr, and the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, gave me a she-camel, and I tethered them at the door of a man from the Ansar, and Hamza was in the house, with a singing girl accompanying him:

ألا يا حمز للشرف النواء ... فهن معقلات بالفناء

O Hamza, for the old ones are the strong ones... for they are tethered in the courtyard.

ضع السكين في اللبات منها ... وضرجهن حمزة بالدماء

Put the knife in their throats... and Hamza drenched them with blood.

وعجل من أطايبها لشرب ... طعاما من قديد أو شواء

And hasten from their choicest for drinking... food of dried meat or roasted meat.

فخرج إليهما فجب أسنمتها، وبقر خواصرهما، وأخذ أكبادهما، فنظرت إلى منظر أفظعنى، فانطلقت إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فخرج ومعه زيد بن حارثة رضي الله عنه، حتى وقف عليه، وتغيظ، فرفع رأسه إليه، وقال: هل أنتم إلا عبيد آبائي

So he came out to them and cut off their humps, slit their flanks, and took their livers. I looked at a sight that horrified me, so I went to the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, and he came out with Zayd bin Harithah, may God be pleased with him, until he stood over them, and became angry. He raised his head to him and said: Are you not but slaves of my fathers?

هي جمع شارف، وتضم راؤها وتسكن تخفيفا، ويروي: ذا الشرف، بفتح الراء والشين، أي: ذا العلاء والرفعة.

It is the plural of 'sharif', and its 'ra' is damma and then sakin for lightness. And it is narrated: 'Dha Al-Sharaf', with fath on the 'ra' and 'shin', meaning: possessor of loftiness and elevation.

أتتكم كما هو نص العباب والرواية: إذا كان كذا وكذا أني أن تخرج بكم الشرف الجون بضمتين أي: الفتن المظلمة

It came to you, as is the text of Al-'Abab and the narration: If it is such and such, I fear that the dark tribulations will emerge with you.

وما الشرف الجون بيا رسول الله قال: فتن كقطع الليل المظلم

And what are Al-Sharaf Al-Jawn, O Messenger of God? He said: Tribulations like pieces of the dark night.

قال أبو بكر: الشرف: جمع شارف، وهي الناقة الهرمة، شبه الفتن في اتصالها، وامتداد أوقاتها بالنوق المسنة السود، والجون: السود

Abu Bakr said: Al-Sharaf: plural of 'sharifah', which is the decrepit female camel. He likened the tribulations in their continuity and extension of their times to black, aged female camels, and 'al-jawn' means black.

ويروي: الشرق الجون، بالقاف، جمع شارق، أي: الفتن الطالعة من ناحية المشرق

And it is narrated: 'Al-Sharq Al-Jawn', with a qaf, plural of 'shariq', meaning: tribulations rising from the direction of the east.

والشرف أيضا من الأبنية: ما لها شرف، الواحدة شرفاء كحمراء وحمر

And Al-Sharaf is also from the structures: those that have battlements, the singular is 'shurfah' like 'hamra' and 'humr'.

أمرنا أن نبني المساجد جما، والمدائن شرفا

We were ordered to build mosques together, and cities with battlements.

والنهاية: أراد بالشرف التي طولت أبنيتها بالشرف، الواحدة شرفة.

And Al-Nihayah: He meant by 'al-sharaf' those whose buildings were lengthened with battlements, the singular is 'shurfah'.

والشاروف: جبل، قال الجوهري: مولد.

And Al-Sharuf: a mountain, said Al-Jawhari: a neologism.

قال: والمكنسة تسمى شاروفا وهو معرب جاروب، وأصله جاي روب، أي كانس الموضع.

He said: And the broom is called 'sharuf', and it is an Arabicized form of 'jarub', and its origin is 'jay rub', meaning 'sweeper of the place'.

شراف، كقطام: ع بين راقصة والفرعاء، أو ماء لبني أسد

Sharaf, like qattama: a place between Raqisah and Al-Far'a, or a water source for Banu Asad.

يوشك أن لا يكون بين شراف وأرض كذا وكذا جماء، ولا ذات قرن، قيل: وكيف ذاك قال (يكون الناس صلامات، يضرب بعضهم رقاب بعض

It is almost that there will be no space between Sharaf and such and such a place, neither hornless nor horned. It was asked: And how is that? He said: People will be like swords, striking each other's necks.

مررن على شراف فذات رجل ... ونكبن الذرانح باليمين

They passed by Sharaf, then Dhat Rajil... and turned the Dharanih to the right.

مرت بنعفى شراف وهي عاصفة ... تخدى على يسرات غير أعصال

She passed by the dunes of Sharaf while she was stormy... moving on the left, not the right.

أو هو ككتاب، ممنوعا من الصرف، فصار فيه ثلاث لغات.

Or it is like 'kitab', diptote, so there are three pronunciations for it.

شراف كغراب ماء غير الذي ذكر.

Sharaf, like 'ghurab', a water source other than the one mentioned.