س د ف

Root entry · 14 derived lemmas

The root س د ف (s-d-f) primarily relates to darkness, dimness, and obscurity, often associated with the night or twilight. It also extends to concepts of covering, veiling, and obscuring, and can paradoxically refer to light or dawn in certain contexts, highlighting its nature as an 'antonym' (aḍdād) root. The root also encompasses related ideas like shadows, dim figures seen from afar, and even physical attributes like fat or a curtain.

Derived headwords

السَّدْفَةnoun

1.
darknessboth
The darkness of the night or a dim state.
2.
lightclassical
In some dialects, it refers to light, particularly the light of dawn or early morning.
3.
dimnessboth
The state of being dim or obscure, often referring to the period between light and darkness.
4.
curtainboth
A curtain or something similar to a curtain, used as a covering or screen.

السَّدَفnoun

1.
darknessboth
The darkness of the night.
2.
dawnboth
The early morning light or dawn.
3.
obscurityclassical
A state of dimness or obscurity, often referring to the time after dusk.

أسْدَفَverb

1.
to become darkboth
The night or darkness fell or deepened.
2.
to become lightboth
The dawn or morning light appeared.
3.
to move asideclassical
To move away from a place, like stepping aside from a door.
4.
to raise (a curtain)classical
To lift or draw aside a curtain.
5.
to lower (a curtain)classical
To let down or draw a curtain.
6.
to become dim (eyes)classical
For eyes to become dim due to hunger or old age.
7.
to light (a lamp)classical
To light a lamp or lantern.

السَّدَافَةnoun

1.
curtainboth
A curtain or veil, serving as a screen or covering.
2.
veilclassical
A veil worn by a woman.

السَّدِيفnoun

1.
fat (of a camel's hump)both
The fatty part of a camel's hump, or a cut of meat from it.
2.
humpclassical
The hump of a camel.

السُّدُوفnoun

1.
dim figuresclassical
Shapes or figures seen indistinctly from a distance, especially in dim light.

الأسْدَفadjective

1.
darkboth
Very dark, intensely black, or gloomy.

سَدَفَverb

1.
to lower (a curtain)classical
To let down or draw a curtain.

سَدَّفَverb

1.
to coverclassical
To cover something, like a curtain being drawn.

سَدِيفname

1.
a male given nameboth
A proper name for a male.

مُسَدَّفadjective

1.
obscureclassical
Dim, obscure, or dark.
2.
litclassical
Illuminated or lit up.

سَدِيفname

1.
a male given nameboth
A proper name for a male.

مُسَدَّفname

1.
a male given nameboth
A proper name for a male.

سَدَّفَverb

1.
to cutclassical
To cut something, possibly referring to meat or fat.

Parallel reading

السدفة: بالفتح، ويضم الظلمة، تميمية

As-sadafah (with fatha) and (with damma) is darkness, a dialect of Tamim.

هي لغة نجد: السدفة أيضا، بلغتيه: الضوء، قيسية

It is a dialect of Najd: As-sadafah also, in its two pronunciations: light, a dialect of Qays.

والذي نقله المصنف هو قول أبي زيد في نوادره، ضد، صرح به الجوهري وغيره

And what the author transmitted is the saying of Abu Zayd in his Nawadir, an antonym, stated by Al-Jawhari and others.

أو السدفة: اختلاط الضوء والظلمة معا، كوقت ما بين طلوع الفجر إلى أول الإسفار

Or As-sadafah: the mixing of light and darkness together, like the time between the breaking of dawn and the first light.

السدفة: ظلمة فيها ضوء من أول الليل وآخره، ما بين الظلمة إلى الشفق، وما بين الفجر إلى الصلاة

As-sadafah: darkness with light in it from the beginning and end of the night, between darkness and twilight, and between dawn and prayer.

والجمع: أسداف، قال أبو كبير الهذلي: (يرتدن ساهرة كأن جميمها ... وعميمها أسداف ليل مظلم)

And the plural is: asdaf. Abu Kabir Al-Hudhali said: (They graze while awake, as if their gathering... and their collective are the dark curtains of a dark night).

أو السدفة: اختلاط الضوء والظلمة معا، كوقت ما بين طلوع الفجر إلى أول الإسفار، حكاه أبو عبيد، عن بعض اللغويين

Or As-sadafah: the mixing of light and darkness together, like the time between the breaking of dawn and the first light, narrated by Abu Ubayd, from some linguists.

السدف، محركة: الصبح وبه فسر أبو عمرو قول ابن مقبل: (وليلة قد جعلت الصبح موعدها ... بصدرة العنس حتى تعرف السدفا)

As-sadaf, with vowels: the morning. And with it Abu Amr interpreted the saying of Ibn Muqbil: (And a night whose appointment I made with the morning... until you recognize the dawn).

قال: أي أسير حتى الصبح

He said: meaning I travel until the morning.

والسدف: إقباله، أي: الصبح

And as-sadaf: its approach, meaning the morning.

فصل الفجر إلى السدف، أي إلى بياض النهار.

The time from the breaking of dawn until as-sadaf, meaning until the whiteness of the day.

السدف أيضا: سواد الليل، كالسدفة، بالضم

As-sadaf also: the blackness of the night, like as-sadafah (with damma).

وقيل: هو بعد الجنح، قال: (ولقد رأيتك بالقوادم مرة ... وعلى من سدف العشى لياح)

And it was said: it is after dusk. He said: (And I saw you at the forelegs once... and on the dimness of the evening, a swift bird).

النعجة من الضأن تسمى السدف، وهي التي لها سواد كسواد الليل، وتدعى للحلب بسدف: سدف.

The ewe from the sheep is called as-sadaf, and she is the one who has blackness like the blackness of the night, and she is called for milking with 'sadf': 'sadf'.

والأسدف: الأسود المظلم، وأنشد يعقوب. (فلما عوى الذئب مستعقرا ... أنسنا به والدجى أسدف)

And al-asdaf: the dark black. And Ya'qub recited: (When the wolf howled, seeking prey... we felt reassured by it, and the darkness had become dark).

السدافة، ككتابة: الحجاب، ومنه قول أم سلمة لعائشة رضي الله تعالى عنهما، لما أرادت الخروج إلى البصرة: تركت عهيدي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، وبعين الله مهواك، وعلى رسوله تردين، قد وجهت سدافته: أرادت بالسدافة الحجاب والستر، وتوجيهها: كشفها، أي: هتكت الستر، أي أخذت وجهها

As-sadafah, like kitabah: the curtain. And from it is the saying of Umm Salamah to Aisha, may God be pleased with them both, when she wanted to go out to Basra: You have left the covenant of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and in God's eye is your desire, and to His Messenger you return. You have 'wajjahta safdataha': she meant by as-sadafah the curtain and the veil, and 'wajjahtaha': uncovering it, meaning she tore the veil, meaning she took her face.

السديف، كأمير: شحم السنام وفي الصحاح: السنام، وزاد غيره: المقطع، وأنشد الجوهري للشاعر وهو المخبل السعدي: (إذا ما الخصيف العوبثاني ساءنا ... تركناه واخترنا السديف المسرهدا)

As-sadif, like amir: the fat of the hump. And in As-Sahah: the hump, and others added: the cut. And Al-Jawhari recited for the poet, who is Al-Mukhbil As-Sa'di: (If the Al-'Awbathani's cut displeased us... we left it and chose the well-prepared fat).

أسدف، وأغدف، وأزدف: نام، وقال أبو عبيدة: أسدف الليل، وأزدف، وأشدف: إذا أرخى ستوره وأظلم

Asdafa, aghdafa, and azdafa: to sleep. And Abu Ubaydah said: Asdafa the night, azdafa, and ashdafa: if it lowered its curtains and became dark.

أسدف الفجر: أضاء، نقله الجوهري، ونصه: أسدف الصبح، وقال أبو عبيدة: الإسداف من الأضداد

Asdafa the dawn: to light up. Narrated by Al-Jawhari, and his text is: Asdafa the morning. And Abu Ubaydah said: Al-isdaf is from the antonyms.

أسدف: تنحى قال أبو عمرو إذا كان الرجل قائما بالباب قلت له: أسدف، أي: تنح عن الباب، حتى يضيء البيت.

Asdafa: to move aside. Abu Amr said: if a man was standing at the door, I would say to him: 'Asdif', meaning: move away from the door, until the house is lit.

أسدف الستر: رفعه، قلت: وهو من الأضداد أيضا، لأنه تقدم: أسدف الستر: أرخاه.

Asdafa the curtain: to raise it. I say: and it is also from the antonyms, because it was previously mentioned: Asdafa the curtain: to lower it.

أسدف الرجل: أظلمت عيناه من جوع أو كبر، وهو مجاز.

Asdafa the man: his eyes became dark from hunger or old age, and this is metaphorical.

في لغة هوازن: أسدف: أسرج، من السراج، نقله الجوهري.

In the dialect of Hawazin: Asdafa: to light (a lamp), from siraj, narrated by Al-Jawhari.

أسدف القوم: دخلوا في السدفة، والسدف، محركة: الليل، نقله الجوهري، وأنشد: (نزور العدو على نأيه ... بأرعن كالسدف المظلم)

Asdafa the people: they entered into as-sadafah. And as-sadaf, with vowels: the night. Narrated by Al-Jawhari, and he recited: (We visit the enemy at his distance... with a swift one like the dark night).

وقد جنه السدف المظلم

And the dark obscurity covered it.

مسدف هنا: يكون المضىء والمظلم، وهو من الأضداد.

Musdif here: can mean illuminating and dark, and it is from the antonyms.

وفي حديث علقمة الثقفي: كان بلال يأتينا بالسحور ونحن مسدفون، فيكشف القبة، فيسدف لنا طعامنا أي يضيء، ومعنى مسدفين: داخلين في السدفة، والمراد المبالغة في تأخير السحور.

And in the hadith of Alqamah Ath-Thaqafi: Bilal used to bring us the pre-dawn meal while we were musdifun, and he would uncover the tent, and 'yasdifu' for us our food, meaning to illuminate. And the meaning of musdifin: entering into as-sadafah, and the intent is exaggeration in delaying the pre-dawn meal.

وكشفت عنهم سدف الليل أي: ظلمها.

And I uncovered from them the darkness of the night, meaning its obscurity.

أسدفت المرأة القناع: أرسلته، كما في الصحاح.

Asdafat the woman the veil: she sent it down, as in As-Sahah.

وسدفت الحجاب: أرخيته، وحجاب مسدوف، قال الأعشى: بحجاب من بيننا مسدوف

And sadaftu the curtain: I lowered it, and a curtain is masduf. Al-A'sha said: behind a curtain drawn between us.

وسدفه تسديفا: قطعه، قال الفرزدق: (ومعتبط فيه السنام المسدف)

And sadafah tasdifan: to cut it. Farazdaq said: (And a young camel with a cut hump in it).

ويقال: رأيت سدفه: شخصه من بعد، كرأيت سواده، وهو مجاز.

And it is said: I saw his sadafah: his figure from afar, like seeing his blackness, and this is metaphorical.