ز ه ف

Root entry · 14 derived lemmas

The root Z-H-F primarily relates to concepts of hastening, approaching, and sometimes to negative actions like lying, perishing, or acting wickedly. It also encompasses meanings of submission, admiration, and even physical actions like striking or falling.

Derived headwords

زَهَفَverb

1.
to hastenboth
To move quickly or lightly, to be nimble.
2.
to approach deathclassical
To be close to death or dying.
3.
to be humbledclassical
To be brought low or humbled.
4.
to perishboth
To be destroyed or perish.
5.
to lieboth
To speak falsely or lie.

زَهْفًاnoun

1.
nimblenessclassical
The state of being nimble or quick.
2.
hastinessclassical
The quality of being hasty or quick.

زُهُوفًاnoun

1.
humiliationclassical
The state of being humbled or brought low.
2.
perishingclassical
The state of being destroyed or perishing.
3.
lyingclassical
The act of speaking falsely.

أَزْهَفَverb

1.
to bring nearboth
To bring something closer, especially a wound or a matter.
2.
to cause to perishboth
To cause something or someone to be destroyed or perish.
3.
to lieclassical
To bring a false report or lie.
4.
to inciteclassical
To incite or provoke someone to evil.
5.
to grantclassical
To grant or fulfill a request.
6.
to increaseboth
To add to or increase something, especially a story.
7.
to betrayclassical
To betray someone who trusted you.
8.
to hasten to evilclassical
To hasten towards doing evil.
9.
to take awayboth
To take something away or destroy it.
10.
to admireboth
To be impressed by or admire something.
11.
to attribute illclassical
To attribute a bad saying or story to someone.
12.
to make someone admireclassical
To make someone admire or be pleased with you.
13.
to deceiveclassical
To deceive or mislead.
14.
to hastenboth
To make something happen quickly.

ازْدَهَفَverb

1.
to hasten to evilclassical
To rush into evil or wrongdoing.
2.
to increaseboth
To add to or increase something, especially in speech.
3.
to take awayboth
To take something away or destroy it.
4.
to be firmclassical
To be firm or insistent in speech, to raise one's voice.
5.
to invalidateclassical
To invalidate someone's words or lead them astray.
6.
to strike downclassical
To strike someone down or cause them to fall.
7.
to acquire enmityclassical
To acquire or earn enmity or hostility.
8.
to takeclassical
To take or seize something.
9.
to be severeclassical
To experience severity or distress.
10.
to rush inclassical
To rush into something, especially entering.
11.
to be estrangedclassical
To be estranged or alienated.

زَهْوَفٌnoun

1.
destructionclassical
The state of being destroyed or perishing.

زَهْوَافٌnoun

1.
liarclassical
One who speaks falsely.

زَاهِفٌadjective

1.
perishingclassical
In the state of perishing or being destroyed.

مِزْهَفٌnoun

1.
sawiq grinderclassical
A tool or device used for grinding sawiq (a type of roasted barley or wheat flour).

مُزْدَهَفٌadjective

1.
distressedclassical
Experiencing severe distress, anxiety, or grief.
2.
taken awayclassical
Having been taken away or destroyed.

تَزَهَّفَverb

1.
to turn awayclassical
To turn away or be estranged.
2.
to increaseclassical
To add to or increase something, especially in speech.

إِزْهَافٌnoun

1.
lyingclassical
The act of speaking falsely or spreading falsehoods.
2.
destructionclassical
The act of causing destruction or ruin.
3.
hasteningclassical
The act of hastening or rushing into something.
4.
embellishmentclassical
The act of adorning or embellishing, especially in speech.
5.
deceptionclassical
The act of deceiving or misleading.

ازْدِهَافٌnoun

1.
lyingclassical
The act of speaking falsely.
2.
severityclassical
Severity, hardship, or distress.
3.
acquisitionclassical
The act of acquiring or gaining something, like enmity.

انْزِهَافٌnoun

1.
prancingclassical
The prancing or leaping of a horse, either from skittishness or being spurred.

Parallel reading

زهف، كفرح، زهفا: خف، ونزق، نقله الجوهري.

Zahafa, like fariha, zahfan: to be light, and impetuous, as transmitted by Al-Jawhari.

زهفت الريح الشيء: استخفته، هكذا في سائر النسخ، والذي في العباب: أزهفت الريح، ولعله الأشبه بالصوب.

The wind zahafat the thing: it made it light, as in all versions; and in Al-Abab: azhafat the wind, which is perhaps more appropriate.

وكمنع، زهف، زهوفا، كقعود: ذل، عن ابن عباد.

And like mana'a, zahafa, zuhoofan, like qu'ood: to be humbled, from Ibn 'Abbad.

قال الأزهري: زهف للموت: دنا له، وأنشد لأبي وجزة:

Al-Azhari said: zahafa for death: to approach it, and he recited for Abu Wajzah:

(ومرضى من دجاج الريف حمر ... زواهف لا تموت ولا تطير)

(And sick ones from the village chickens, red... approaching death, neither dying nor flying)

زهف، زهوفا: كذب، فهو زهاف.

Zahafa, zuhoofan: to lie, so he is a zahaaf (liar).

زهف، زهوفا: هلك، فهو زاهف، ومنه قول الشاعر:

Zahafa, zuhoofan: to perish, so he is a zaahif (perishing one), and from this is the poet's saying:

(فلم أر يوما كان أكثر زاهفا ... به طعنة قاض عليه أليلها)

(I have not seen a day where there were more perishing ones... by a decisive stab whose pain was prolonged.)

المزهف، كمنبر: مجدح السويق، نقله الصاغاني في التكملة، والعباب.

Al-mazhaf, like minbar: the grinder of sawiq, as transmitted by Al-Saghani in Al-Takmilah and Al-Abab.

وأزهف فلان: إذا ألقى شرا.

And so-and-so azhafa: if he cast evil.

أزهف إليه الطعنة: أدناها، كما في العباب، واللسان.

Azhafa the stab towards him: he brought it near, as in Al-Abab and Al-Lisan.

حكى ابن الأعرابي: أزهف له حديثا: أتاه بالكذب، كما في الصحاح.

Ibn Al-A'rabi narrated: azhafa to him a story: he brought him a lie, as in Al-Sihah.

قال الأصمعي: أزهف عليه: إذا أجهز، وكذلك: أزعف.

Al-Asma'i said: azhafa upon him: if he finished him off, and likewise: az'afa.

أزهف بالشر: أغرى، عن ابن عباد.

Azhafa with evil: he incited, from Ibn 'Abbad.

قال: أزهفه بما طلبه: أي أسعفه به.

He said: azhafahu bima talabahu: meaning he granted him what he asked for.

قال: أزهف الخبر: زاد فيه، وكذب، وفي اللسان: أزهف لنا في الخبر: زاد فيه.

He said: azhafa the news: he added to it and lied, and in Al-Lisan: azhafa to us in the news: he added to it.

أزهف فلان: إذا نم.

So-and-so azhafa: if he slandered.

زهف: أذل، عن ابن عباد.

Zahafa: to humble, from Ibn 'Abbad.

أزهف: خان، يقال: أزهف بي فلان، إذا وثقت به في الأمر فخانك.

Azhafa: to betray, it is said: so-and-so azhaf bi: if you trusted him in a matter and he betrayed you.

أزهف: أسرع إلى الشر.

Azhafa: to hasten to evil.

أزهف فلان الشيء: ذهب به: وأهلكه، نقله الجوهري.

So-and-so azhafa the thing: he took it away and destroyed it, as transmitted by Al-Jawhari.

أزهف بالشيء: أعجب به.

Azhafa by the thing: he admired it.

أزهف إليه حديثا: أسند إليه قولا رديئا، ليس بحسن.

Azhafa to him a story: he attributed to him a bad saying, not a good one.

أزهفت فلانة إليه: أعجبته.

So-and-so woman azhafat to him: she admired him.

قال ابن عباد: ازدهف: أي احتمل.

Ibn 'Abbad said: izdahaafa: meaning to bear or endure.

ايضا: انحرف.

Also: to deviate or turn away.

ازدهف: استعجل بالشر، وبه فسر الأصمعي قول رؤبة:

Izdahaafa: to hasten to evil, and with this Al-Asma'i interpreted the saying of Ru'bah:

فيه ازدهاف أيماازدهاف يقال، ازدهف فلان فلانا. أي استخف، وكذلك: استهف، واستهفى، واستزف.

In it is a great hastening to evil. It is said, so-and-so izdahaafa so-and-so: meaning he belittled him, and likewise: istahaffa, istahfa, and istazaffa.

ازدهف: تقحم في الدخول، وبه فسر الجوهري قول الراجز:

Izdahaafa: to rush into entering, and with this Al-Jawhari interpreted the saying of the rajaz poet:

يهوين باليد إذا الليل ازدهف

They descend with their hands when the night rushes in.

وقال الأزهري: تقحم في الشر.

Al-Azhari said: to rush into evil.

ازدهف: تزيد في الكلام، يقال: ازدهف لنا في الخبر، أي: زاد فيه.

Izdahaafa: to add to speech, it is said: izdahaafa to us in the news, meaning: he added to it.

ازدهف: صد، قاله الليث، وبه فسر قول رؤبة السابق، كتزهف.

Izdahaafa: to turn away, said Al-Layth, and with this he interpreted the previous saying of Ru'bah, like tazahhafa.

ازدهف الشيء: ذهب به، وأهلكه، نقله الجوهري.

Izdahaafa the thing: he took it away and destroyed it, as transmitted by Al-Jawhari.

ازدهف في قوله: تشدد فيه، ورفع صوته، عن ابن عباد.

Izdahaafa in his speech: he became firm in it and raised his voice, from Ibn 'Abbad.

قال أيضا: ازدهف فلانا بالقول: إذا أبطل قوله، وأضله.

He also said: izdahaafa so-and-so with speech: if he invalidated his words and led him astray.

قال غيره: ازدهفت الدابة فلانا: صرعته وفي اللسان، والمحيط: ازدهف العداوة: اكتسبها، قال بشر بن أبي خازم:

Others said: the animal izdahaafat so-and-so: it struck him down, and in Al-Lisan and Al-Muheet: izdahaafa enmity: he acquired it, said Bishr bin Abi Khazim:

(سائل نميرا غداة النعف من شطب ... إذ فضت الخيل من ثهلان ما ازدهفوا)

(Ask Numayr in the morning from the pass of Shatb... when the horses scattered from Thahlan what they acquired.)

أي: ما أخذوا من الغنائم، واكتسبوا والانزهاف: طفر الدابة من نفار أو ضرب، كما في العباب.

Meaning: what they took of spoils and acquired. And al-inzihaf: the prancing of the animal from shying or being spurred, as in Al-Abab.

الإزهاف: الكذب، كالازدهاف، وأزهف به، إزهافا: أخبر القوم من أمره بأمر لا يدرون أحق هو أم باطل.

Al-izhaf: lying, like al-izdihaf. And azhafahu bi, izhafan: he informed the people of his matter with something they did not know whether it was true or false.

وازدهف إليه حديثا: أسند ما ليس بحسن، وازدهف في الخبر: زاد فيه.

And izdahaafa to him a story: he attributed what was not good, and izdahaafa in the news: he added to it.

والإزهاف: الإفساد.

And al-izhaf: corruption or spoiling.

والإزهاف: الاستقدام، ومنه قول صعصعة لمعاوية: إني لأترك الكلام فما أزهف به، ويروى بالراء.

And al-izhaf: hastening forward. And from this is the saying of Sa'sa'ah to Mu'awiyah: I leave off speaking and do not hasten with it, and it is narrated with 'ra'.

والإزهاف: التزيين، قال الحطيئة:

And al-izhaf: embellishment, said Al-Hutay'ah:

(أشاقتك ليلى في اللمام وما جرت ... بما أزهفت يوم التقينا وبزت)

(Did Layla make you yearn in the distance, and what she brought forth with what she embellished on the day we met and took.)

والزهوف: الهلكة.

And al-zuhuf: destruction.

وأزهفه: أهلكه وأوقعه، قال المرار:

And azhafahu: he destroyed him and caused him to fall, said Al-Murar:

(وجدت العواذل ينهينه ... وقد كنت أزهفهن الزهوفا)

(I found the censurers dissuading them... and I had been causing them to perish, the perishing ones.)

أراد: الإزهاف، فأقام الاسم مقام المصدر.

He meant: al-izhaf, so he used the noun in place of the masdar.

وقال ابن الأعرابي: أزهفته الطعنضة، وأزهقته: أي هجمت به على الموت.

And Ibn Al-A'rabi said: the stab azhafathu and azhaqathu: meaning it drove him to death.

وقال ابن شميل: أزهف له بالسيف، إزهافا، وهو: بداهته، وعجلته، وسوقه، وكذلك: ازدهف له بالسيف.

And Ibn Shumayl said: azhafahu bi al-sayf, izhafan, and it is: to surprise him, hasten him, and drive him, and likewise: izdahaafa bi al-sayf.

وفي الصحاح: يقال: أزهفته الدابة، أي: صرعته، وأنشد:

And in Al-Sihah: it is said: the animal azhafathu, meaning: it struck him down, and he recited:

وقد أزهف الطعن أبطالها

And the stab had struck down its heroes.

قلت: البيت لمية بنت ضرار الضبية، ترثي أخاها، وأوله.

I say: the verse is by Mayyah bint Dirar Al-Dhubbiyah, mourning her brother, and its beginning is.

وخلت وعولا أشارى بها

And I thought of mountain goats I was pointing at.

وفسره ابن الأعرابي، فقال: أزهفه، أي: قتله.

And Ibn Al-A'rabi explained it, saying: azhafahu, meaning: he killed him.

وأزهف العداوة، اكتسبها.

And azhafa enmity, he acquired it.

وما ازدهف منه شيئا: أي ما أخذ

And he did not izdahaafa from it anything: meaning he did not take.

وحكى ابن بري عن أبي سعيد، الازدهاف: الشدة والأذى، قال: وحقيقته استطارة القلب من جزع أو حزن، قال الشاعر:

And Ibn Birri narrated from Abu Sa'id, al-izdihaf: severity and harm. He said: and its reality is the fluttering of the heart from fear or grief. The poet said:

(ترتاع من نقرتي حتى تخيلها ... جون السراة تولى وهو مزدهف)

(You are startled by my tapping until you imagine it... a dark mountain pass, turning away while it is distressed.)

وقالت امرأة: (هل من أحسن بريمي اللذين هما ... قلبي وعقلي فعقلي اليوم مزدهف)

And a woman said: (Are there any better than my two 'buraymah' which are... my heart and my mind, for my mind today is distressed.)

قلت: البيت لأم حكيم بنت قارظ بن خالد الكنانية، قالته لما قتل بسر بن أرطاة ابنيها من عبيد الله بن العباس، رضي الله عنهما، وقيل: هي عائشة بنت عبد المدان.

I say: the verse is by Umm Hakim bint Qariz bin Khalid Al-Kinanah, she said it when Busr bin Artah killed her two sons from Ubayd Allah bin Al-Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them. And it is said: she is Aisha bint Abd Al-Madan.

ويقال: ازدهف به، بالضم: أي ذهب به، وفي الصحاح: أزهف الشيء، وازدهف، أي: ذهب به، فهو مزهف، ومزدهف.

And it is said: izdahaafa bihi, with dammah: meaning he took it away. And in Al-Sihah: azhafa the thing, and izdahaafa, meaning: he took it away, so it is mazhaf and mazdahaf.

وقال أبو عمر و: أزهفت الشيء: أرخيته.

And Abu 'Amr said: azhafatu the thing: I loosened it.

وقال غيره: التزهف: الصدود.

And others said: al-tazahuf: turning away or estrangement.

وأزهفه: أعجله، واستخفه.

And azhafahu: he hastened him, and belittled him.