ر ع ف

Root entry · 32 derived lemmas

The root ر ع ف (r-'-f) primarily relates to the concepts of preceding, advancing, and leading. It extends to the physical manifestation of blood flowing from the nose (epistaxis) and metaphorically to being first or prominent. It also encompasses notions of generosity and speed.

Derived headwords

رَعَفَverb

1.
to bleed (nose)both
The nose bled, specifically referring to the flow of blood from the nostrils.
2.
to precedeboth
To go before, to advance, or to lead others.
3.
to be quickclassical
To be swift or fast in action.

رُعِفَverb

1.
to bleed (nose)classical
The nose bled; this form is noted as weak or less common.

رَعْفٌnoun

1.
epistaxisboth
Blood flowing from the nose; the condition of having a nosebleed.
2.
precedenceclassical
The act or state of preceding or being first.
3.
heavy rainclassical
Abundant rainfall, likened to the copious flow of blood.

رُعَافٌnoun

1.
epistaxisboth
Blood flowing from the nose; the condition of having a nosebleed.
2.
precedenceclassical
The act or state of preceding or being first.

رَعَافٌnoun

1.
epistaxisboth
Blood flowing from the nose; the condition of having a nosebleed.

رَعْفَةٌnoun

1.
nosebleedboth
A single instance or flow of blood from the nose.

رَعَفَ الفرسُ الخيلَverb

1.
the horse outran the other horsesboth
When a horse surpasses other horses in a race or in speed.

رَعَفَ به صاحِبُهُverb

1.
its owner put it forwardboth
To advance something or someone, to put them ahead.

رَعَفَ القومَverb

1.
he preceded the peopleboth
To go ahead of a group of people, to lead them.

اسْتَرْعَفَverb

1.
to precedeboth
To go before, to advance, or to lead others.
2.
to extract fatclassical
To extract rendered fat or its essence.

ارْتَعَفَverb

1.
to precedeboth
To go before, to advance, or to lead others.
2.
to gain strengthclassical
To become strong in one's footing or ability to proceed.

رَعَفَ به البابُverb

1.
he entered through the doorclassical
To enter suddenly or prominently through a door.

رَعَفَ الدمُverb

1.
blood flowed and precededclassical
Blood flowed rapidly, suggesting a leading or preceding quality.

المَرَاعِفُnoun

1.
nose and its surroundingsclassical
The area of the nose and the parts around it.

الرَّاعِفُnoun

1.
tip of the noseboth
The foremost part of the nose, specifically the tip of the nostril.
2.
leading horseboth
A horse that is in the lead or excels in racing.
3.
mountain spurclassical
A projection or spur of a mountain that extends forward.

الرَّوَاعِفُnoun

1.
tips of the noseboth
The plural of 'al-ra'if', referring to the tips of the nostrils.
2.
mountain spursclassical
Plural of 'al-ra'if', referring to forward-projecting parts of mountains.
3.
spearsclassical
Spears, possibly due to their forward thrust or association with blood.

الرَّعِيفُnoun

1.
leading cloudclassical
A cloud that is at the forefront of a cloud formation.

الرُّعَافِيُّadjective

1.
generousclassical
A person who is very generous, likened to abundant rain.

الرَّؤُوفُnoun

1.
light rainsclassical
Gentle, intermittent rains.

الرَّاعُوفَةُnoun

1.
well-stoneboth
A stone at the bottom or top of a well used as a platform for workers.
2.
water-seeping rockclassical
A protruding rock in a well from which water seeps.
3.
water-filterclassical
A natural filter or obstruction in a well.

أَرْعَفَهُverb

1.
to hasten himclassical
To make someone hurry or act quickly.

أَرْعَفَ القِرْبَةَverb

1.
the waterskin became fullboth
For a waterskin to be filled to the point of overflowing or being completely full.

اسْتَرْعَفَ الشَّحْمَverb

1.
to extract rendered fatclassical
To extract the liquid essence of rendered fat.

الرَّوَاعِفُ (الخيل)noun

1.
leading horsesboth
Horses that are in the lead or are fast runners.

الرَّعْفُ (الطعن)noun

1.
speed of thrustingclassical
The quickness with which a spear is thrust.

اسْتَرْعَفَ الحَصَىverb

1.
gravel injured the camel's hoofclassical
For gravel or small stones to wound the foot of a camel.

رَعْفَانُ الوَالِيnoun

1.
governor's provisionsclassical
The supplies or resources that a governor uses or is provided with.

فَتَى رُعَافٌadjective

1.
a racing youthclassical
A young man who is a skilled racer or competitor.

تَرعَفُ الكؤوسُverb

1.
cups overflowclassical
For cups to be so full that they are about to spill or overflow.

يَرْعَفُ أنْفُهُ غَضَبًاverb

1.
his nose bleeds with angerclassical
To become extremely angry, to the point of a physical manifestation like a nosebleed.

مَرَاعِفُ الأقلامِnoun

1.
ink flow of pensclassical
The smooth and abundant flow of ink from pens.

المُرْعِفُadjective

1.
a specific swordclassical
The name of a specific sword belonging to Abdullah bin Subrah.

Parallel reading

رعف الرجل كنصر، ومنع

The man bled (from the nose) as in 'nasara' and 'mana'a'.

رعف، مثل كرم، لغة فيه ضعيفة

Ra'afa, like 'karuma', is a weak dialect for it.

ولم يعرف رعف، ولا رعف، في فعل الرعاف

And he did not know 'ra'afa', nor 'ru'ifa', in the verb of nosebleeding.

ومنهم من قال: رعف، كسمع، في التقدم، وكنصر، في الرعاف: أي خرج من أنفه الدم، رعفا، بالفتح، وعليه اقتصر ابن دريد، ورعافا، كغراب.

And some of them said: 'ra'afa', like 'sami'a', for preceding, and like 'nasara' for nosebleeding: meaning blood came out of his nose, 'ra'fan', with fatha, and Ibn Duraid limited himself to this, and 'ru'afan', like 'ghurab'.

والرعاف أيضا: الدم الخارج من الأنف بعينه، فهو حينئذ اسم

And 'al-ru'af' is also: the blood exiting the nose itself, so it is a noun at that time.

ثم ذكر فيما بعد: ومن المجاز: رعف أنفه: سبق دمه

Then he mentioned later: And from the metaphorical uses: 'ra'afa anfuhu': his blood preceded.

لأن الأصل في رعف السبق والمبادرة، ومنه أخذ الرعاف.

Because the origin of 'ra'afa' is precedence and initiative, and from it 'al-ru'af' is derived.

فإن قيل: المتبادر في الرعاف أنه رعاف الأنف، والتبادر علامة الحقيقة، فالجواب: أنه في أصل اللغة السبق، ثم صار حقيقة عرفية في رعاف الأنف، فلا إشكال.

If it is said: What comes to mind with 'al-ru'af' is nosebleeding, and what comes to mind is a sign of the literal meaning, the answer is: it is in the origin of the language precedence, then it became a customary literal meaning for nosebleeding, so there is no issue.

رعف الفرس الخيل، كمنع، ونصر: سبق، وتقدم عليهم

The horse outran the other horses, like 'mana'a' and 'nasara': it preceded and advanced before them.

يرعف الألف بالمزجج ذي القو نس حتى يعود كالتمثال

It outruns the thousand with the armored one until it becomes like a statue.

به يرعف الألف إذ أرسلت غداة الصباح إذا النقع ثارا

By it, the thousand outruns when sent in the morning when the dust rises.

ويقال: رعف به صاحبه، أي قدمه

And it is said: its owner put it forward, meaning he advanced it.

من عرف القرآن، رعف الأقران

He who knows the Quran, precedes his peers.

يقال: رعف فلان القوم، وكذا بين يدى القوم: إذا تقدم

It is said: So-and-so preceded the people, and likewise in front of the people: if he advanced.

وهن بعد القرب القسي مسترعفات بشمرذلي القسي: الشديد، والشمرذلي: الخادي.

And they, after the closeness of the bows, are advancing with the strong 'shamardhali' of the bows: the strong one, and 'al-shamardhali': the guide.

حتى ارتعفوا أي سبقوا، وتقدموا، يقول: قويت أقدامهم، فركبوها.

Until they advanced, meaning they preceded, and went ahead. He says: their feet became strong, so they rode it.

بينا نذكر فلانا رعف به الباب: أي دخل علينا من الباب، عن ابن الأعرابي، وهو مجاز.

While we were mentioning so-and-so, he entered through the door: meaning he entered upon us through the door, from Ibn Al-A'rabi, and it is metaphorical.

رعف الدم، كسمع: سال فسب، وهو مجاز.

Blood flowed, like 'sami'a': it flowed and preceded, and it is metaphorical.

يقال: لاثوا على مراعفهم.

It is said: They wrapped around their noses.

ويقال للمرأة: لوثي على مراعفك، أي: تلثمي.

And it is said to a woman: Wrap yourself around your nose, meaning: cover your face.

فعلت ذاك على الرغم من مراعفه، مثل مراغمه.

I did that despite his nose and its surroundings, like his grudges.

الراعف: طرف الأرنبة، كما في الصحاح، لتقدمه، صفة غالبة

The 'ra'if': the tip of the nostril, as in Al-Sihah, due to its precedence, a dominant attribute.

ما أملح راعف أنفها، وهو مجاز.

How beautiful is the tip of her nose, and it is metaphorical.

ظهر الراعف، هو: أنف الجبل، على التشبيه، وهو من ذلك، لأنه يسبق، أي يتقدم، وجمعه: الرواعف.

The 'ra'if' appears, it is: the spur of the mountain, by analogy, and it is from that, because it precedes, meaning it advances, and its plural is 'al-rawa'if'.

الراعف: الفرس يتقدم الخيل، كالمسترعف، وقد تقدم شاهده قريبا.

The 'ra'if': the horse that precedes the other horses, like 'al-mustar'if', and its evidence was presented recently.

الرعيف، كأمير: السحاب يكون في مقدم السحابة، قاله أبو عمر و.

The 'ru'eif', like 'ameer': the clouds that are at the front of the cloud formation, said Abu 'Amr.

المعطاء، أي: الرجل الكثير العطاء، مأخوذ من الرعاف، وهو المطر الكثير.

The generous one, meaning: the man of much giving, taken from 'al-ru'af', which is abundant rain.

الرعوف، بالضم: الأمطار الخفاف، عن ابن الأعرابي.

The 'ru'uf', with damma: the light rains, from Ibn Al-A'rabi.

راعوفة البئر، وأرعوفتها، اللغتان حكاهما الجوهري، عن أبي عبيد: صخرة تترك في أسفل البئر إذا احتفرت، تكون هناك ليجلس المستقي عليها حين التنقية

The 'ra'ufah' of the well, and 'ar'ufatuha', the two linguistic forms narrated by Al-Jawhari, from Abu 'Ubaid: a stone left at the bottom of the well when it is dug, it is there for the water-drawer to sit on during cleaning.

أو صخرة: تكون على رأس البئر، يقوم عليها المستقي، والوجهان ذكرهما الجوهري

Or a stone: it is at the top of the well, the water-drawer stands on it, and both meanings were mentioned by Al-Jawhari.

وهي مثل عين على قدر جحر العقرب، نيط في أعلى الركية، فيجاوزونها في الحفر خمس قيم وأكثر، وربما وجدوا ماء كثيرا تبجسه

And it is like an eye the size of a scorpion's hole, hung at the top of the well, and they exceed it in digging by five cubits or more, and sometimes they find much water gushing from it.

من ذهب بالراعوفة إلى النطافة فكأنه أخذه من رعاف الأنف، وهو سيلان دمه وقطرانه

He who takes 'al-ra'ufah' to mean 'al-nutaafah' (filter) it is as if he took it from nosebleeding, which is the flow of its blood and its dripping.

ومن ذهب بها إلى الحجر الذي يتقدم طي البئر على ما ذكر فهو من رعف الرجل، أو الفرس: إذا تقدم، وسبق

And he who takes it to mean the stone that precedes the digging of the well as mentioned, then it is from 'ra'afa al-rajul' (the man preceded), or 'al-faras' (the horse): if it preceded, and was first.

أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم سحر وجعل سحره في جف طلعة، ودفن تحت راعوفة البئر

That the Prophet, peace be upon him, was bewitched and his magic was placed in a palm spathe, and buried under the well-stone.

أعجله، كما في الصحاح، قال ابن دريد: زعموا وليس بثبت.

He hastened him, as in Al-Sihah, Ibn Duraid said: they claim, and it is not confirmed.

أرعف القربة: ملأها حتى ترعف، كما في الصحاح

He filled the waterskin until it overflowed, as in Al-Sihah.

وفي الأساس: حتى رعفت، وهو مجاز

And in Al-Asas: until it overflowed, and it is metaphorical.

حتى ترى العلبة في استوائها يرعف أعلاها من امتلائها إذا طوى الكف على رشائها

Until you see the container in its levelness, its top overflows from its fullness when the hand is folded over its opening.

استرعف: إذا استقطر الشحمة، وأخذ صهارتها، زاد ابن الأعرابي: وكذلك أودف، واستودف، واستوكف، واستدام، واستدمى، وهو مجاز.

'Istar'afa': if he extracted the fat, and took its melted part. Ibn Al-A'rabi added: and likewise 'awadafa', 'istawdafa', 'istawkafa', 'istadama', 'istadama', and it is metaphorical.

المنعلات الرواعف في قول الشاعر: الخيل السوابق

The shod ones, the leading ones, in the poet's saying: the preceding horses.

ورعف الرجل الرجل: سبقه وتقدمه.

And a man preceded another man: he outran him and advanced before him.

والرواعف: الرماح: صفة غالبة؛ إما لتقدمها للطعن، وإما لسيلان الدم منها، نقله الجوهري، وهو قول ابن دريد، وهو على المعنى الأخير مجاز.

And 'al-rawa'if': the spears: a dominant attribute; either for their precedence in thrusting, or for the blood flowing from them, narrated by Al-Jawhari, and it is the saying of Ibn Duraid, and it is metaphorical in the latter meaning.

والرعف: سرعة الطعن، عن كراع.

And 'al-ra'f': the speed of thrusting, from Kara'.

واسترعف الحصى منسم البعير: أدماه، وهو مجاز.

And gravel injured the camel's hoof: it made it bleed, and it is metaphorical.

والرعاف، كغراب: المطر الكثير.

And 'al-ru'af', like 'ghurab': abundant rain.

ورعفان الوالي: ما يستعدى به.

And 'ru'afan' of the governor: what he is sought for.

واسترعف فلان، كاستقى.

So-and-so sought to precede, like seeking to draw water.

فتى رعاف: سباق.

A racing youth: a competitor.

ما فيهم عيب يعرف إلا أن جفانهم تقيء، وكؤوسهم ترعف.

There is no known flaw in them except that their serving dishes vomit, and their cups overflow.

ويقال: فلان يرعف أنفه غضبا: إذا اشتد غضبه.

And it is said: So-and-so's nose bleeds with anger: if his anger intensifies.

وما أحسن مراعف أقلامه، ومقاطرها، وكل ذلك مجاز.

And how beautiful are the ink flows of his pens, and their drippings, and all of that is metaphorical.