ح ر ف

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of edges, sides, and borders, extending to notions of deviation, inclination, and skillful handling or manipulation. It also encompasses meanings related to livelihood, earning, and deprivation.

Derived headwords

التَحْرِيفnoun

1.
slight cutclassical
A slight or angled cut made with a knife, often referring to the way a blade is angled during cutting.
2.
deviationclassical
The act of deviating or inclining from a straight course or a norm.

مُحَرَّفadjective

1.
angledclassical
Describing something that is angled or not straight, like a pen whose nib is uneven.
2.
deprivedclassical
One who is deprived of good fortune or livelihood; unfortunate.
3.
depletedclassical
Describing wealth that has been depleted or lost.

قلم محرف — an angled pen

محارف بالشاء والأباعر — deprived of sheep and camels

تَحَرَّفَverb

1.
to deviateboth
To deviate, incline, or turn aside from something.
2.
to earn a livingclassical
To strive to earn a living for one's family, often by various means.

تحرف لعياله — he earned a living for his family

اِنْحَرَفَverb

1.
to deviateboth
To deviate, incline, or turn aside from a course or path.

فوجدنا مراحيض بيت قبل القبلة، فننحرف ونستغفر الله — We found latrines in a house facing the Qibla, so we deviated and sought Allah's forgiveness.

اِحْرَوْرَفَverb

1.
to deviateclassical
To deviate or incline away from something, especially obstacles.

وإن أصاب عدواء احرورفا عنها — and if it encountered obstacles, it would deviate from them

حَرَّفَverb

1.
to angleclassical
To angle or tilt something, like a knife during cutting.
2.
to distortclassical
To distort or alter something from its original meaning or form.
3.
to moveclassical
To move or shift something, possibly implying a threat or action.

فحرفها — and he angled it

مُتَحَرِّفًاadjective

1.
deviatingclassical
Deviating or inclining, specifically in the context of moving to engage in combat.

إلا متحرفا لقتال — except one deviating for combat

حِرَافَةnoun

1.
burning tasteclassical
A taste that burns the tongue and mouth, like that of pungent food.

حَرِيفadjective

1.
pungentclassical
Describing food that has a hot or burning taste, causing irritation to the mouth.

بصل حريف — pungent onion

اِحْتَرَفَverb

1.
to earn a livingboth
To earn a living or acquire something through skill or effort, often from various sources.

احترف لعياله — he earned a living for his family

مُحْتَرِفnoun

1.
craftsmanboth
A skilled worker or artisan who earns a living through their craft.

مُحَارَفَةnoun

1.
reciprocationclassical
The act of reciprocating or repaying, whether with good or bad.
2.
rivalryclassical
A form of rivalry or competition, akin to boasting or challenging.

كيف نحارف — how we compete

مِحْرَافnoun

1.
probeclassical
An instrument used for probing, such as a surgical probe for examining wounds.

مقايسة الجرح بالمسبار — measuring a wound with a probe

مَحْرُومadjective

1.
deprivedboth
One who is deprived of good fortune, livelihood, or a share in something, especially spoils of war.

للسائل والمحروم — for the beggar and the deprived

حَرْفnoun

1.
edgeboth
The edge, side, or border of something, like a headland or a riverbank.
2.
letterboth
A letter of the alphabet.
3.
skillboth
A craft, trade, or profession.

حرفا الرأس — the sides of the head

حرف السفينة — the side of a ship

حُرُوفnoun

1.
lettersboth
Plural of 'harf', referring to letters of the alphabet.
2.
edgesboth
Plural of 'harf', referring to edges or sides.

حِرْفَةnoun

1.
craftboth
A skilled trade or occupation.

حِرَفnoun

1.
craftsboth
Plural of 'hirfah', referring to various trades or professions.

حِرَافnoun

1.
deprivationclassical
The state of being deprived or denied; lack of fortune.
2.
dark snakeclassical
A dark-colored snake, tending towards black, which is venomous.

مُحَارِفnoun

1.
one who earns a meager livingclassical
One who works with their hands but whose earnings are insufficient to support themselves and their family.
2.
unfortunate personclassical
A person lacking good fortune or luck; unlucky.

محارف بالشاء والأباعر — deprived of sheep and camels

مُحَرِّفnoun

1.
one who distortsclassical
One who alters or distorts something, especially words or meanings.
2.
one who movesclassical
One who moves or shifts something, possibly with intent.

مِحْرَافnoun

1.
probeclassical
A surgical probe used for examining wounds.

تبدي محارفها عن العظم — revealing its probes from the bone

مُحَرَّفَةnoun

1.
probeclassical
A single probe, used for examining wounds.

Parallel reading

قط القلم محرفا

He cut the pen at an angle.

يقال: قلم محرف: إذا عدل بأحد حرفيه عن الآخر

It is said: 'an angled pen': if one of its nibs deviates from the other.

تخال أذنيه إذا تحرفا خافية أو قلما محرفا

You would think its ears, if they deviated, were hidden, or like an angled pen.

وهيئته أن تحرف السكين في حال القط

And its form is to angle the knife during the cut.

وما كان القشر أعلى من الشحم فهو مصوب

And what the peel is higher than the fat is 'musawwab' (angled downwards).

وإذا كان السن اليمنى أعلى من اليسري، قيل: قلم محرف

And if the right nib is higher than the left, it is called an 'angled pen'.

وإن تساويا قيل: قلم مستو

And if they are equal, it is called a 'straight pen'.

وحرف القطة وأيمنها

And the cat's cut and its right side.

مال وعدل، كانحرف وتحرف

It inclined and deviated, like 'inharafa' and 'taharrafa'.

وإذا مال الإنسان عن شيء يقال: تحرف، وانحرف، واحرورف

And if a person deviates from something, it is said: 'taharrafa', 'inharafa', 'ihraurafa'.

هو العجاج يصف ثورا يحفر كناسا: وإن أصاب عدواء احرورفا عنها وولاها ظلوفا ظلفا

It is the dust storm describing a bull digging its lair: and if it encountered obstacles, it would deviate from them and turn its hoof towards them.

فوجدنا مراحيض بيت قبل القبلة، فننحرف ونستغفر الله

We found latrines in a house facing the Qibla, so we deviated and sought Allah's forgiveness.

إلا متحرفا لقتال

Except one deviating for combat.

حارفه بسوء: أي: كأفأه، وجازاه

He retaliated against him with evil: meaning, he repaid him and recompensed him.

لا تحارف أخاك بسوء: أي لا تجازه بسوء صنيعه تقايسه، وأحسن إذا أساء، واصفح عنه

Do not retaliate against your brother with evil: meaning, do not repay his bad deed by matching it; rather, be good when he is bad, and forgive him.

إن العبد ليحارف عن عمله: الخير أو الشر

Indeed, the servant is repaid for his deeds: good or evil.

أي يجازى

Meaning, he is repaid.

المحارف: المقايسة بالمحراف، أي: مقايسة الجرح بالمسبار

Al-muharif: measuring with a probe, meaning, measuring a wound with a probe.

كما زل عن رأس الشجيج المحرف

As the probe slipped from the head of the wounded person.

المحدود المحروم

The limited, the deprived.

محارف بالشاء والأباعر مبارك بالقلعي الباتر

Deprived of sheep and camels, blessed with the sharp, decisive sword.

هو الذي لا يصيب خيرا من وجه توجه له

He is one who does not attain good from any direction he turns.

وهو الذي قتر رزقه

And he is one whose sustenance is restricted.

وهو الذي لا يسعى في الكسب

And he is one who does not strive in earning.

رجل محارف: منقوص الحظ، لا ينمو له مال

A deprived man: one whose fortune is diminished, whose wealth does not grow.

سلط عليهم موت طاعون ذفيف يحرف القلوب

Death, a swift plague, was imposed upon them, which distorts hearts.

أي يميلها ويجعلها على حرف، أي جانب وطرف

Meaning, it inclines them and makes them on an edge, i.e., a side and a border.

وقال بيده فحرفها

And he moved his hand and angled it.

كأنه يريد القتل، ووصف بها قطع السيف بحده

As if he meant killing, and it described the cutting of a sword with its edge.

حرفا الرأس: شقاه

The sides of the head: its two halves.

حرف السفينة والنهر: جانبهما

The side of the ship and the river: their two sides.

جمع الحرف: أحرف

The plural of 'harf' is 'ahruf'.

جمع الحرفة، بالكسر: حرف كعنب

The plural of 'hirfah', with kasra, is 'hiraf' like 'inab'.

حرف عن الشيء حرفا: مال وانحراف

He deviated from the thing, a deviation.

مزاج: كحرف، تحريفا

Temperament: like 'harf', 'tahreef'.

التحريف: التحريك

Al-tahreef: the moving.

الحراف، ككتاب: الحرمان

Al-hiraaf, like 'kitaab': deprivation.

هو الذي يحترف بيديه ولا يبلغ كسبه ما يقيمه وعياله

He is one who earns with his hands but his earnings do not suffice to support him and his family.

وهو المحروم الذي أمرنا بالصدقة عليه لإنه قد حرم سهمه من الغنيمة، لا يغزو مع المسلمين، فبقي محروما، فيعطي من الصدقة ما يسد حرمانه

And he is the deprived one whom we are commanded to give charity to, because he has been deprived of his share of the spoils of war, not fighting with the Muslims, so he remains deprived, and is given from charity to cover his deprivation.

اكتسب لعياله من هنا وهنا

He earned for his family from here and there.

الصانع

The craftsman.

حورف كسب فلان: إذا شدد عليه في معاملته، وضيق في معاشه، كأنه ميل برزقه عنه

So-and-so's earnings were made difficult: if his dealings were harsh with him, and his livelihood constricted, as if his provision was diverted from him.

من ذهب ماله

His wealth is gone.

مسبار الجرح

The probe of a wound.

ودعوت لهفك بعد فاقرة ... تبدي محارفها عن العظم

And I called out to your regret after a calamity... revealing its probes from the bone.

فعناه الجوى والمحارف

And longing and afflictions afflicted him.

فقد علموا في الغزو كيف نحارف

They have known in warfare how we compete.

أي كيف محارفتنا لهم، أي: معاملتنا، كما تقول للجرل: ما حرفتك أي ما عملك ونسبك

Meaning, how our rivalry with them is, i.e., our treatment, just as you say to a man: What is your craft? meaning, what is your work and lineage?

حية مظلم اللون، يضرب إلى السواد، إذا أخذ الإنسان لم يبق فيه دم إلا خرج

A dark-colored snake, tending towards black, if it bites a person, no blood remains in him but it exits.

طعم يحرق اللسان والفم

A taste that burns the tongue and mouth.

يحرق الفم وله حرارة

It burns the mouth and has heat.

كل طعام يحرق فم آكله بحرارة مذاقه حريف

Every food that burns the mouth of its eater with the heat of its taste is 'hareef'.

تحرف لعياله: تكسب من كل حرفة

He earned for his family: by working in every craft.