ج د ف

Root entry · 14 derived lemmas

This root primarily relates to cutting, severing, or shortening. It extends to concepts of movement, particularly flying with clipped wings, and also encompasses actions like striking, pushing, and a specific type of gait. Metaphorically, it can refer to ingratitude or denial.

Derived headwords

جَدَفَverb

1.
to cut offboth
To cut something off or sever it. This is a primary meaning of the root.
2.
to moveclassical
To move or transport something. Ibn Duraid mentioned this meaning.
3.
to strikeboth
To strike with the hands, often implying quickness.
4.
to shorten stepsclassical
To shorten one's steps when walking.
5.
to deny blessingsclassical
To be ungrateful for blessings or to deny them.

جدفه: قطعه — It was cut off

جدف الرجل: ضرب باليدين — The man struck with his hands

جَدَفَ الطائرُverb

1.
to fly with clipped wingsclassical
To fly with wings that have been partially clipped or shortened, causing a specific wing movement.

جدف الطائر يجدف جدوفا — The bird flew with clipped wings

جَدْفnoun

1.
cuttingclassical
The act of cutting or severing.
2.
flying with clipped wingsclassical
The act of a bird flying with clipped wings.
3.
graveclassical
A grave or tomb. It is considered an interchange for 'jadath'.
4.
a type of plantclassical
A plant found in Yemen that is said to satisfy the eater without needing water.
5.
what is cut off from drinkclassical
That which is cast off from a drink, like foam or sediment.

الجدف: القبر — The grave

الجدف: نبات يكون باليمن تأكله الإبل فتجزأ به عن الماء — The 'jadhaf' is a plant in Yemen that camels eat and it suffices them instead of water.

مِجْدَفnoun

1.
oarboth
A wooden implement with a broad blade at one end, used to propel a boat. Named after the wing of a bird.
2.
wingsclassical
The wings of a bird, especially when referring to their movement.
3.
neckclassical
The neck, by way of تشبيه (analogy).
4.
whipclassical
A whip, a Najrani dialect usage.

مجداف السفينة: خشبة في رأسها لوح عريض تدفع بها — The oar of a ship: a piece of wood with a broad board at its head used to push it.

مجدافاه: جناحاه — His two oars: his two wings.

جَادِفadjective

1.
flying with clipped wingsclassical
Describing a bird that flies with clipped or shortened wings.
2.
short-steppedclassical
Describing an animal or person with short steps.
3.
shortclassical
Short in stature, referring to a man.

ريشه غير جادف — Its feathers are not those of a bird flying with clipped wings

ظباء جوادف قصار الخطى — Gazelles with short steps

مَجْدُوفadjective

1.
shortenedclassical
Shortened, referring to the hem of a garment or the legs of something.
2.
cut offclassical
Cut off, referring to the legs of a waterskin.
3.
restrictedclassical
Having a restricted or difficult life.

حاشية المجدوف — The hem of the shortened garment

قاعدا عنده الندامى فما ينفك يؤتي بموكر مجدوف — Sitting with companions, he was continually brought a waterskin with cut-off legs.

الجَدَفَاءnoun

1.
bootyclassical
Spoils of war or booty.

كان لنا لما أتي جدافاه — It was ours when its booty came to us.

الجَدَافِيnoun

1.
bootyclassical
Spoils of war or booty.

الجَدَفَةnoun

1.
clamorclassical
Noise or clamor, especially during a run or fast movement.

تَجْدِيفnoun

1.
ingratitudeclassical
Ingratitude towards blessings, or considering them insignificant.
2.
blasphemyclassical
Disbelief or denial of God's blessings.

التجديف: الكفر بالنعم — 'Tajdif': Disbelief in blessings.

لا تجدفوا بنعمة الله تعالى — Do not deny the blessings of God Almighty.

أَجْدَفadjective

1.
shortclassical
Short in stature, referring to a man.

حنيف أجدف — A short, upright man.

جَدْفَاءadjective

1.
ear-clippedclassical
Describing a sheep or goat that has had a piece cut from its ear.

شاة جدفاء — An ear-clipped sheep.

المُجَادِفnoun

1.
arrowsclassical
A term for arrows.

أَجْدَثnoun

1.
a place nameclassical
A place name in the Hijaz region.

عرفت بأجدث فنعاف عرق — I recognized it by Ajdath and the springs of 'Arq.

Parallel reading

جدفه يجدفه من حد ضرب، حدفا: قطعه، نقله ابن دريد

Jadafahu yajdifuhu from the category of striking, jadafan: to cut it off, as narrated by Ibn Duraid.

وإعجام الذال لغة فيه

And dotting the 'dhal' is a dialect for it.

وقال الكسائي: جدف الطائر يجدف جدوفا، بالضم، كذا في الصحاح وهو من حد ضرب أيضا، كما ضبطه ابن دريد

Al-Kisa'i said: The bird jadafa yajdufu judufan, with damma, as in Al-Sihah, and it is also from the category of striking, as Ibn Duraid recorded.

طار وهو مقصوص فرأيته كأنه يرد جناحيه إلى خلفه

He flew while his wings were clipped, and I saw him as if he were drawing his wings back.

ولو كنت أخشى خالدا أن يروعني ... لطرت بواف ريشه غير جادف

And if I feared Khalid would frighten me... I would have flown with the fullness of its unclipped feathers.

وقيل: هو أن يكسر من جناحيه شيئا، ثم يميل عند الفرق من الصقر

And it was said: It is to break something from its wings, then to incline when fearing a falcon.

تناقض بالأشعار صقرا مدربا ... وأنت حبارى خيفة الصقر تجدف

You contradicted a trained falcon with poems... while you are a bustard fearing the falcon, flying with clipped wings.

ومنه سمي مجداف السفينة

And from this, the oar of the ship is named.

هو بالدال والذال جميعا، لغتان فصيحتان

It is with both the 'dal' and the 'dhal', two eloquent languages.

مجداف السفينة: خشبة في رأسها لوح عريض تدفع بها

The oar of a ship: a piece of wood with a broad board at its head used to push it.

جدف الطائر، وجدف الملاح بالمجداف، وهو المردي والمقذف والمقذاف

The bird jadafa, and the sailor rowed with the oar, which is the rudder, the thrower, and the paddle.

جدفت السماء بالثلج تجدف به إذا رمت به

The sky jadafat with snow, it jadafat with it when it intended to throw it.

جدف الرجل: ضرب باليدين

The man jadafa: he struck with his hands.

والذي يظهر أن معناه الإسراع في المشى، وذلك أن الرجل إذا أسرع في مشيته ضرب بيديه وحركهما

And what appears is that its meaning is quickening the pace of walking, because when a man quickens his walk, he strikes with his hands and moves them.

جدف الرجل في مشيته: أسرع

The man jadafa in his walk: he quickened.

الجدف: تقطيع الصوت في الحداء

Al-Jadaf: The cutting of the voice in chanting.

حداها بحلحال من الصوت جادف

He urged her with a resonant, cutting sound.

جدف الظبي جدفا: قصر خطوه في المشى

The gazelle jadafa, jadafan: it shortened its steps in walking.

وظباء جوادف قصار الخطى

And gazelles with short steps.

وهو مجدوفث الكمين: قصيرهما

And it is majduf al-kameen: their shortness.

كحاشية المجدوف زين ليطها

Like the hem of the shortened garment, adorning its sides.

وزق مجدوف: مقطوع الأكارع أي: القوائم

And a majduf waterskin: its legs cut off, meaning: its limbs.

قاعدا عنده الندامى فما ينفك يؤتي بموكر مجدوف

Sitting with companions, he was continually brought a waterskin with cut-off legs.

ومعناهما المقطوع

And their meaning is 'cut off'.

والجدف، محركة: القبر

And al-jadhaf, with haraka: the grave.

وهو إبدال الجدث

And it is an interchange for al-jadath.

العرب تعقب بين الفاء والثاء في اللغة، فيقولون: جدف وجدث، وهي الأجداث والأجداف

The Arabs interchange between 'fa' and 'tha' in the language, so they say: jadhaf and jadath, and they are al-ajdath and al-ajdaf.

لو كان أحجاري مع الأجداف تعفو على جرثومه العوافي

If my stones were with the graves, the passersby would erase its origin.

ما كان طعامهم فقال الفول، وما لم يذكر اسم الله عليه، قال: وما كان شرابهم فقال: الجدف

What was their food? He said: Fava beans, and what is not mentioned with the name of God upon it. He said: And what was their drink? He said: Al-Jadaf.

وتفسيره في الحديث أنه ما لا يغطي من السراب

And its interpretation in the hadith is that it is what does not cover from the mirage.

أو ما لا يوكي

Or what is not sealed.

نبات يكون باليمن تأكله الإبل فتجزأ به عن الماء

A plant that is in Yemen that camels eat and it suffices them instead of water.

كانوا إذا جعلوا في صيرهم بصلا ... ثم اشتووا كنعدا من مالح جدفوا

They used to put onions in their waterskin... then they roasted them like fish from salted food they prepared.

الجدف: لم أسمعه إلا في هذا الحديث، وما جاء إلا وله أصل، ولكن ذهب من كان يعرفه ويتكلم به، كما قد ذهب من كلامهم شيء كثير

Al-Jadaf: I have not heard it except in this hadith, and whatever comes has an origin, but those who knew it and spoke it have passed away, just as much has passed away from their speech.

كأنه أراد: ما رمى به عن الشراب من زيد، أو رغوة، أو قذي، كأنه قطع من الشراب فرمي به

As if he meant: what is thrown off from the drink, like excess, or foam, or debris, as if it were cut off from the drink and thrown away.

والمجادف السهام

And al-mujadhaf: arrows.

والأجدف: القصير من الرجال

And al-ajdaf: the short one among men.

محبا لصغراها بصير بنسلها ... حفيظ لأخراها حنيف أجدف

Loving its young, discerning its offspring... protective of its later ones, a short, upright man.

وشاة جدفاء: قطع من أذنها شيء

And a jadfa' sheep: a piece was cut from its ear.

والجدفة، محركة: الجلبة، والصوت في العدو

And al-jadhafah, with haraka: the clamor, and the sound during a run.

عرفت بأجدث فنعاف عرق

I recognized it by Ajdath and the springs of 'Arq.

علامات كتحبير النماط

Signs like the embellishment of carpets.

وأجدفوا: أي جلبوا وصاحوا

And ajdafoo: meaning they clamored and shouted.

التجديف: الكفر بالنعم

Al-Tajdif: Disbelief in blessings.

لا تجدفوا بأيام الله

Do not deny the days of God.

أو هو استقلال عطاء الله تعالى

Or it is considering the bounty of God Almighty as insignificant.

لا تجدفوا بنعمة الله تعالى

Do not deny the blessings of God Almighty.

أي لا تكفروها وتستقلوها

Meaning, do not disbelieve them and consider them insignificant.

ولكني صبرت ولم أجدف

But I was patient and did not deny.

وكان الصبر غاية أولينا

And patience was the ultimate goal of our predecessors.

أن تقول: ليس لي، وليس عندي

To say: I do not have it, and I do not possess it.

شر الحديث التجديف

The worst speech is 'tajdif'.

وإن لمجدوف عليه: أي مضيق عليه

And he is majduf 'alayhi: meaning he is constricted.

جدف الملاح بالسفينة جدفا

The sailor rowed the ship, jadafan.

والمجداف: العنق على التشبيه

And al-mijdaf: the neck by way of analogy.

بأتلع المجداف ذيال الذنب

With a long neck, the trailing tail.

والمجداف: السوط، لغة نجرانية

And al-mijdaf: the whip, a Najrani dialect.

ورجل مجدوف اليدين: بخيل

And a man with majduf hands: stingy.

وكذلك إذا كان مقطوعهما

And likewise if they were cut off.

وجدفت المرأة تجدف: مشت مشية القصار

And the woman jadafat, tajdifu: she walked with the gait of the short-stepped.

وجدّف الرجل في مشيه: أسرع

And the man jaddafa in his walk: he quickened.