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شفع

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

The root شفع (shafa'a) primarily relates to pairing, doubling, and acting as an intermediary or advocate. It encompasses concepts of even numbers versus odd, supporting or assisting someone, and the act of intercession. It also extends to specific meanings like the day of Eid al-Adha and the right of preemption.

Derived headwords

الشَّفْعnoun
  1. 1.
    even numberboth

    The opposite of odd; a pair or a number divisible by two.

  2. 2.
    Eid al-Adhaclassical

    Specifically refers to the tenth day of Dhu al-Hijjah, the day of sacrifice, due to its pairing with the preceding day.

  3. 3.
    supportclassical

    An act of supporting or assisting someone.

  4. 4.
    intercessionclassical

    The act of interceding or advocating for someone.

شَفَعَverb
  1. 1.
    to pairclassical

    To make something even or double; to turn an odd number into an even one.

  2. 2.
    to intercedeboth

    To advocate or plead on behalf of someone else.

  3. 3.
    to assistclassical

    To support or help someone, acting as an intermediary.

شَفْعًاnoun
  1. 1.
    pairingclassical

    The act of making something even or double.

  2. 2.
    intercessionclassical

    The act of interceding or advocating.

شَافِعadjective
  1. 1.
    intercessorboth

    One who intercedes or advocates for another.

  2. 2.
    supportingclassical

    One who assists or supports.

  3. 3.
    pregnant (animal)classical

    An animal carrying a second fetus, making its pregnancy a pair.

شُفْعَةnoun
  1. 1.
    preemption rightboth

    The right of a co-owner to purchase a property before it is sold to an outsider.

  2. 2.
    madnessclassical

    A state of insanity or mental derangement.

شُفْعَةُ الضُّحَىnoun
  1. 1.
    Duha prayerclassical

    The two rak'ahs of the Duha (forenoon) prayer, considered a pair.

شَفِيعnoun
  1. 1.
    intercessorboth

    One who pleads for another; an advocate.

  2. 2.
    preemptorclassical

    One who exercises the right of preemption.

  3. 3.
    even numberclassical

    A number that is even.

شُفَعَاءnoun
  1. 1.
    intercessorsboth

    Plural of شَفِيع (shafi'), those who intercede.

شَافِعِيّname
  1. 1.
    Shafi'iboth

    Relating to Imam Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i, the founder of one of the four major Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence.

مَشْفُوعadjective
  1. 1.
    interceded forclassical

    One for whom intercession is made; accepted for intercession.

  2. 2.
    madclassical

    Possessed by madness or insanity.

تَشَفَّعَverb
  1. 1.
    to seek intercessionboth

    To ask someone to intercede on one's behalf.

اسْتَشْفَعَverb
  1. 1.
    to ask to intercedeboth

    To request someone to intercede for you to a third party.

تَشْفِيعnoun
  1. 1.
    intercessionclassical

    The act of accepting someone's intercession.

شَافِعَةadjective
  1. 1.
    seeing doubleclassical

    Describing eyes that see two images instead of one due to weakness.

شَوَافِعnoun
  1. 1.
    double imagesclassical

    Plural of شَافِعَة (shafi'ah), referring to seeing double images.

شَفُوعadjective
  1. 1.
    milking twiceclassical

    A she-camel that can be milked twice in one milking session.

شَفَّاعnoun
  1. 1.
    pairsclassical

    Plural of شَفْع (shaf'), referring to pairs, often of plants growing together.

مُشَفَّعadjective
  1. 1.
    accepting intercessionclassical

    One whose intercession is accepted.

  2. 2.
    nursing (animal)classical

    An animal that nurses every lamb or kid presented to it.

شَفِيعَةnoun
  1. 1.
    intercessorclassical

    A female intercessor.

Parallel reading

الشَّفْعُ: خِلَافُ الوَتَرِ، وَهُوَ الزَّوْجُ
The even number: the opposite of the odd, and it is the pair.
وَقَدْ شَفَعَهُ شَفْعًا، كَمَنَعَهُ أَيْ كَانَ وَتَرًا فَصَيَّرَهُ زَوْجًا.
And he made it even, like he made it prevent, meaning it was odd and he made it even.
الشَّفْعُ: يَوْمُ الأَضْحَى، أَيْ مِنْ حَيْثُ إِنَّ لَهُ نَظِيرًا يَلِيهِ، وَالْوَتَرُ: يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ
The even number: the day of Eid al-Adha, meaning because it has a following day, and the odd number: the day of Arafah.
وَمِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَا زَوْجَيْنِ
And of everything, We created pairs.
عَيْنٌ شَافِعَةٌ: تَنْظُرُ نَظَرَيْنِ
A seeing-double eye: it sees two sights.
فَالْيَوْمَ قَدْ شَفَعَتْ لِيَ الأَشْبَاحُ
So today, the forms have made me see double.
تَزِيدُ لِعَيْنِي الشُّخُوصَ الشَّوَافِعَ
It increases for my eye the double-seeing figures.
بَنُو شَافِعٍ: مِنْ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ
The Banu Shafi': from the sons of Al-Muttalib bin Abd Manaf.
وَهُوَ شَافِعُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ
And he is Shafi' bin Al-Sa'ib bin Ubaid bin Abd Yazid bin Hashim bin Al-Muttalib.
وَالنِّسْبَةُ إِلَيْهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ شَافِعِيٌّ أَيْضًا
And the attribution to him, may God be pleased with him, is also Shafi'i.
فَلْيُجْتَنَبْ، نَبَّهَ عَلَيْهِ النَّوَوِيُّ
So it should be avoided; Al-Nawawi alerted to it.
وَلِدَ الْإِمَامُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي سَنَةِ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسِينَ
The Imam, may God be pleased with him, was born in the year one hundred and fifty.
وَتُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ مِائَتَيْنِ وَأَرْبَعٍ
And he passed away in the year two hundred and four.
فَإِنَّهُ لَيَشْفَعُ عَلِيٌّ
For he supports me.
أَيْ يُعِينُ عَلَيَّ وَيُضَارُّنِي
Meaning he helps me against me and harms me.
وَفِي اللِّسَانِ: يُضَادُّنِي، وَهُوَ مَجَازٌ
And in Al-Lisan: he opposes me, and it is a metaphor.
فَلَانٌ يُعَادِينِي وَلَهُ شَافِعٌ، أَيْ مُعِينٌ يُعِينُهُ عَلَى عَدَاوَتِهِ
So-and-so is my enemy and he has a supporter, meaning an assistant who helps him in his enmity.
كَأَنَّهُمْ شَفَعُوا لَهَا، مِنَ الشَّفَاعَةِ
As if they advocated for her, from intercession.
أَيْ مَنْ يَزِدْ عَمَلًا إِلَى عَمَلٍ، مِنَ الشَّفْعِ، وَهُوَ الزِّيَادَةُ
Meaning whoever adds an action to an action, from the 'shaf'', which is the increase.
أَيْ مَنِ انْضَمَّ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ وَعَاوَنَهُ، وَصَارَ شَفْعًا لَهُ أَوْ شَفِيعًا فِي فِعْلِ الْخَيْرِ أَوْ الشَّرِّ
Meaning whoever joins another and assists him, and becomes a pair to him or an intercessor in doing good or evil.
مِنْ سَنَّ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً فَلَهُ أَجْرُهَا وَأَجْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا
Whoever establishes a good practice, he will have its reward and the reward of those who act upon it.
فَمَا تَنْفَعُهُمْ شَفَاعَةُ الشَّافِعِينَ
So the intercession of the intercessors will not benefit them.
وَلَا تَنْفَعُهَا شَفَاعَةٌ
And no intercession will benefit her.
يَوْمَئِذٍ لَا تَنْفَعُ الشَّفَاعَةُ إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ وَرَضِيَ لَهُ قَوْلًا
On that Day, no intercession will benefit except for one whom the Most Compassionate permits and whose statement is pleasing to Him.
لَا تُغْنِ عَنِّي شَفَاعَتُهُمْ شَيْئًا
Their intercession will not avail me at all.
أَلَا تَرَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَلَا يَشْفَعُونَ إِلَّا لِمَنِ ارْتَضَى
Do you not see His saying: And they do not intercede except for whom He approves?
الشَّفِيعُ: الشَّافِعُ، وَهُوَ صَاحِبُ الشَّفَاعَةِ
The intercessor: the one who intercedes, and he is the owner of intercession.
وَالْجَمْعُ شُفَعَاءُ، وَهُوَ الطَّالِبُ لِغَيْرِهِ يَتَشَفَّعُ بِهِ إِلَى الْمَطْلُوبِ
And the plural is shufa'a', and he is the one who seeks for another, using him to intercede to the one being sought.
الشَّفِيعُ أَيْضًا: صَاحِبُ الشُّفْعَةِ، بِالضَّمِّ، تَكُونُ فِي الدَّارِ وَالْأَرْضِ
The preemptor also: the owner of the preemption right, with dammah, it applies to houses and land.
أَشْتَقَاقُهَا مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ وَهِيَ: أَنْ تَشْفَعَ
Its derivation is from increase, which is: to be paired.
يَشْفَعُكَ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ فَتَضُمُّهُ إِلَى مَا عِنْدَكَ، فَتَشْفَعُهُ، أَيْ تَزِيدُهُ
He supports you in what you seek, so you add it to what you have, and you make it even, meaning you increase it.
كَانَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ إِذَا أَرَادَ بَيْعَ مَنْزِلٍ، أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ، فَشَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ فِيمَا بَاعَ، فَشَفَّعَهُ
In the Jahiliyyah, if a man wanted to sell a house, a man would come to him and intercede to him regarding what he sold, and he would grant him the right of preemption.
فَسُمِّيَتْ شُفْعَةً، وَسُمِّيَ طَالِبُهَا شَفِيعًا
So it was named shuf'ah, and its seeker was named shafi'.
الشُّفْعَةُ عِنْدَ الْفُقَهَاءِ: حَقُّ تَمَلُّكِ الشِّقْصِ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ الْمُتَجَدِّدِ مِلْكُهُ قَهْرًا بِعِوَضٍ
The preemption right according to jurists: the right to own a share of a property from a partner whose ownership has newly been acquired by force with compensation.
الشُّفْعَةُ فِيمَا لَا يَنْقَسِمُ
The preemption right applies to what cannot be divided.
فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ، وَصُرِفَتِ الطُّرُقُ، فَلَا شُفْعَةَ
And when boundaries are established and roads are diverted, there is no preemption right.
الشُّفْعَةُ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ الرِّجَالِ
The preemption right is based on the heads of men (equally among partners).
أَبُو عَمْرٍو: الشُّفْعَةُ أَيْضًا: الْجُنُونُ وَجَمْعُهَا: أَشْفَاعٌ
Abu Amr: The shuf'ah also means madness, and its plural is ashfa'.
مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلَى شُفْعَةِ الضُّحَى غُفِرَتْ لَهُ ذُنُوبُهُ
Whoever preserves the Duha prayer (its two rak'ahs) will have his sins forgiven.
سَمَّاهَا شُفْعَةً لِأَنَّهَا أَكْثَرُ مِنْ وَاحِدَةٍ
He called it shuf'ah because it is more than one.
يُقَالُ: فِي وَجْهِهِ شُفْعَةٌ، وَسَفْعَةٌ، وَشَنْعَةٌ، وَرَدَّةٌ، وَنَظْرَةٌ، بِمَعْنًى وَاحِدٍ
It is said: 'In his face is shuf'ah, saf'ah, shan'ah, raddah, and nazrah', with one meaning.
وَأَحْسَبُهُ ذَهَبَ بِتَأْنِيثِهِ إِلَى الْفِعْلَةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ، أَوِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ
And I think he took its feminine form to mean a single act, or to the prayer.
الْمَشْفُوعُ: الْمَجْنُونُ وَإِهْمَالُ السِّينِ لُغَةٌ فِيهِ
The mashfu': the madman, and omitting the 's' is a dialectal variation for it.
نَاقَةٌ شَافِعٌ أَوْ شَاةٌ شَافِعٌ أَيْ فِي بَطْنِهَا وَلَدٌ يَتْبَعُهَا آخَرُ
A pregnant camel or sheep, meaning it has a fetus in its belly followed by another.
وَشَافِعٌ فِي بَطْنِهَا لَهَا وَلَدٌ ... وَمَعَهَا مِنْ خَلْفِهَا لَهَا وَلَدٌ
And a pregnant one in its belly has a child... and behind it, it has another child.
مَا كَانَ فِي الْبَطْنِ طِلَاهَا شَافِعٌ ... وَمَعَهَا لَهَا وَلِيدٌ تَابِعٌ
There was no young in its belly that was pregnant... and with it, it had a following newborn.
فَصَارَا شَفْعًا
So they became a pair.
فَأَعْمِدُ إِلَى شَاةٍ قَدْ عَرَفْتُ مَكَانَهَا مُمْتَلِئَةً مَحْضًا وَشَحْمًا فَأُخْرِجُهَا، فَقَالَا: هَذِهِ شَاةٌ شَافِعٌ، وَقَدْ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ شَافِعًا
So I went to a sheep whose place I knew, full of milk and fat, and brought it out. They said: This is a pregnant sheep, and the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, has forbidden us from taking a pregnant one.
وَالْمَصْدَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الشَّفْعُ، بِالْكَسْرِ، كَالضُّرِّ مِنَ الضَّرَّةِ
And the masdar from that is shaf', with kasrah, like durr from durrah.
وَهُوَ الَّذِي إِذَا أَلْقَحَ أَلْقَحَ شَفْعًا لَا وَتَرًا
And he is the one who, when he mates, mates for pairs, not singles.
نَاقَةٌ شَفُوعٌ، كَصَبُورٍ: تَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مَحْلَبَيْنِ فِي حَلْبَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، وَهِيَ الْقُرُونُ
A she-camel shufu', like sabur: it yields two measures of milk in one milking, and it is the horns.
وَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ فِي مَدْحِهِ
And the poet said in his praise.
أَضْحَى بِمِصْرَ دَفِينًا فِي مَقَاتِمِهَا ... نِعْمَ الْمُقَطَّمُ وَالْمَدْفُونُ فِي تُرْبِهِ
He became buried in Egypt in its mountains... What a blessed Muqattam, and blessed is the soil where he is buried.
وَإِذْ غَاصَ طُوفَانُ الْعُلُومِ بِقَبْرِهِ اس ... تَوَى الْفَلَكُ مِنْ ذَاكَ الضَّرِيحِ عَلَى الْجُودِيِّ
And when the flood of sciences sank into his grave, the ark rested on Mount Judi from that tomb.
فَكَكْتُ عَدِيًّا كُلَّهَا مِنْ إِسَارِهَا ... فَأَفْضَلَ وَشَفَّعَنِي بِقَيْسِ بْنِ جَحْدَرٍ
I freed all of Adi from their captivity... so he excelled and granted me intercession through Qais bin Jahdar.
فَلَعَنَ اللهُ الشَّافِعَ وَالْمُشَفَّعَ
May God curse the intercessor and the one for whom intercession is made.
الْقُرْآنُ شَافِعٌ مُشَفَّعٌ، وَمَاحِلٌ مُصَدَّقٌ
The Quran is an accepted intercessor and a verified adversary.
أَيْ مَنْ اتَّبَعَهُ، وَعَمِلَ بِمَا فِيهِ، فَهُوَ شَافِعٌ لَهُ مَقْبُولُ الشَّفَاعَةِ فِي الْعَفْوِ عَنْ فَرَّطَاتِهِ
Meaning whoever follows it and acts according to it, it is an intercessor for him, whose intercession is accepted for the forgiveness of his shortcomings.
فَالْمُشَفَّعُ: الَّذِي تُقْبَلُ شَفَاعَتُهُ
So the mushaffa': is the one whose intercession is accepted.
اشْفَعْ تُشَفَّعْ
Intercede, and you will be accepted.
اسْتَشْفَعَهُ إِلَيْنَا
He asked him to intercede for him to us.
اسْتَشْفَعَهُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ، أَيْ سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَشْفَعَ لَهُ إِلَيْهِ
He asked him to intercede for him to so-and-so, meaning he asked him to intercede for him to him.
وَاسْتَشْفَعْتُ مِنْ سَرَاهُ الْحَيِّ ذَا شَرَفٍ ... فَقَدْ عَصَاهَا أَبُوهَا وَالَّذِي شَفَعَا
And I sought intercession from the noble of the tribe, a man of honor, but her father disobeyed her, and he who interceded.
يُرِيدُ: وَالَّذِي أَعَانَ وَطَلَبَ الشَّفَاعَةَ فِيهَا
He means: and he who assisted and sought intercession for her.
زَعَمْتُ مَعَاشِرَ أَنَّنِي مُسْتَشْفِعٌ ... لَمَّا خَرَجْتُ أَزُورُهُ أَقْلَامَهَا
O people, you claim that I seek intercession... when I went out to visit its pens.
زَعَمُوا أَنِّي أَسْتَشْفِعُ بِأَقْلَامِهِمْ فِي الْمَمْدُوحِ، أَيْ كُتُبِهِمْ
They claim that I seek intercession through their pens for the praised one, meaning their writings.
الشَّفِيعُ، مِنَ الْأَعْدَادِ: مَا كَانَ زَوْجًا
The shafi', from numbers: is what is even.
وَالشَّفْعُ: مَا شُفِعَ بِهِ، سُمِّيَ بِالْمَصْدَرِ، وَجَمْعُهُ شَفَاعٌ
And the shaf': is what is used to make something even, named after the masdar, and its plural is shafa'.
وَأَخُو الْأَبَاءَةِ إِذْ رَأَى خِلَّانَهُ ... تَلَا شَفَاعًا حَوْلَهُ كَالْإِذْخِرِ
And the brother of the one who refuses, when he saw his companions... he followed pairs around him like the idhkhir grass.
شَبَّهَهُمْ بِالْإِذْخِرِ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَكَادُ يَنْبُتُ إِلَّا زَوْجًا زَوْجًا
He likened them to idhkhir grass because it hardly grows except in pairs.
وَشَاةٌ شَفُوعٌ، كَشَافِعٍ، وَيُقَالُ: هَذِهِ شَاةُ الشَّافِعِ، كَقَوْلِهِمْ: صَلَاةُ الْأُولَى، وَمَسْجِدُ الْجَامِعِ
And a she-sheep shufu', like shafi', and it is said: This is the sheep of the shafi', like their saying: the first prayer, and the congregational mosque.
وَشَاةٌ مُشَفَّعٌ، كَمُكْرَمٍ: تُرْضِعُ كُلَّ بُهْمَةٍ
And a sheep mushaffa', like mukram: it nurses every lamb.
وَتَشَفَّعَ إِلَيْهِ فِي فُلَانٍ: طَلَبَ الشَّفَاعَةَ
And he sought intercession for so-and-so: he asked for intercession.
وَتَشَفَّعَهُ أَيْضًا: مُطَاوِعُ اسْتُشْفِعَ بِهِ
And tashaffa'ahu also: it is the passive of istashfa'a bihi (to be used for intercession).