خ ض ع

Root entry · 28 derived lemmas

The root خ ض ع (kh-ḍa-ʿa) primarily relates to the concepts of submission, humility, and yielding. It extends to physical actions like bowing the head or body, and metaphorically to things like stars setting or camels exerting themselves in a run. It also encompasses sounds and specific physical attributes.

Derived headwords

خَضَعَverb

1.
to submit, yieldboth
To be humble, submissive, and obedient, often in a physical or spiritual sense.
2.
to be subdued, quietedboth
To become still, calm, or subdued, either voluntarily or by external force.
3.
to incline, leanboth
To bend or lean, often used for celestial bodies setting or for physical posture.
4.
to soften one's speechclassical
To speak in a gentle or alluring manner, especially towards a woman.

خضع لله عز وجل — He submitted to God Almighty.

فلا تخضعن بالقول — Do not speak in a soft (alluring) tone.

خُضُوعًاnoun

1.
submission, humilityboth
The state of being submissive, humble, or obedient.
2.
bowing, stoopingboth
The act of bowing the head or body in submission or humility.

خَاضِعِينadjective

1.
submissive, obedientboth
Those who are yielding, submissive, or obedient.
2.
bowing the headboth
Having their necks bowed down in submission.

فظلت أعناقهم لها خاضعين — And their necks became submissive to it.

اِخْتَضَعَverb

1.
to bow down, stoopboth
To lower one's head or body, often in humility or submission.
2.
to move quicklyclassical
To move or run swiftly.

يظل مختضعا يبدو فتنكره — He remains stooping, appearing and you deny him.

خَضَعَverb

1.
to quiet, subdueboth
To make something or someone still, quiet, or subdued.

خضعته فخضع — I quieted him, and he became quiet.

خَنَعَverb

1.
to be submissive, humbleclassical
To be meek, humble, and submissive.

خَانِعadjective

1.
submissive, meekclassical
One who is humble, meek, and submissive.

فهو خاضع، وكذلك خنع فهو خانع — So he is submissive, and likewise he was meek, so he is meek.

خُنُوعnoun

1.
meekness, submissionclassical
The state of being meek, humble, and submissive.

اللهم إني أعوذ بك من الخنوع والخضوع — O God, I seek refuge in You from meekness and submission.

خَضَعَ النَّجْمُverb

1.
the star setclassical
The star began to set or incline towards the horizon.

خضع النجم، أي مال للغروب — The star set, meaning it inclined towards sunset.

خَوَاضِعadjective

1.
setting (stars)classical
Stars that are inclined towards setting.
2.
running with lowered heads (camels)classical
Camels that are running with their necks lowered, indicating speed.

والنجوم خواضع — And the stars are setting.

خواضع في كل ديمومة — Running with lowered heads in every barren land.

خِضْعَةnoun

1.
submissive personclassical
Someone who submits to everyone.
2.
date palm seedlingclassical
A date palm tree that grows from a seed (used by the Banu Hanifa tribe).
3.
one who conquers and humiliatesclassical
A person who overcomes and humiliates their peers.
4.
sound of whipsclassical
The sound made by whips striking.
5.
sound of swordsclassical
The sound made by swords clashing or striking.

الخضعة: من يخضع لكل أحد — The khid'ah: one who submits to everyone.

سمعت للسياط خضعة — I heard the sound of whips.

خُضُوعnoun

1.
submissive personboth
A person who is submissive or humble.
2.
sound from a horse's bellyclassical
A sound heard from the belly of a horse, especially a fast one.

وإذا الرجال رأوا يزيد رأيتهم ... خضع الرقاب نواكس الأبصار — And when men saw Yazid, you saw them with bowed necks and lowered eyes.

كأن خضيعة بطن الجواد ... وعوعة الذئب بالفدفد — As if the sound from the belly of the swift horse was like the howl of a wolf on the plain.

خُضَعٌnoun

1.
submissive onesclassical
Plural of 'khāḍiʿ', referring to those who are submissive.

خضع الرقاب نواكس الأبصار — Those with bowed necks and lowered eyes.

خَضِيعَةnoun

1.
sound from a horse's bellyclassical
A sound heard from the belly of a horse, particularly a fine breed, possibly related to its movement or digestion.
2.
sound of a torrentclassical
The sound of a flowing stream or torrent.

كأن خضيعة بطن الجواد ... وعوعة الذئب بالفدفد — As if the sound from the belly of the swift horse was like the howl of a wolf on the plain.

خَيْضَعَةnoun

1.
confusion of sounds in warclassical
The mingling of voices and sounds during a battle.
2.
dust in warclassical
The dust raised during a battle.
3.
battlefieldclassical
The place of combat where opponents yield to each other.
4.
eggclassical
An egg (a less common interpretation).

والضاربون الهام تحت الخيضعه — And striking heads beneath the confusion of sounds.

أَخْضَعَverb

1.
to make submissiveboth
To cause someone to become submissive or humble.
2.
to soften speechclassical
To speak gently or alluringly, especially to a woman.
3.
to bend, inclineboth
To cause something to bend or incline.

أخضعه: جعله كذلك، أي حناه، فخضع هو — Akhḍaʿa: to make him so, meaning to bend him, so he became submissive.

خضع الرجل، وأخضع: ألان كلامه للمرأة — A man spoke gently, and akhḍaʿa: he softened his speech to the woman.

أَخْضَعُadjective

1.
accepting of humiliationclassical
One who is content with or accepts humiliation and submission.
2.
having a stooped neckclassical
Naturally having a bent or stooped neck, or a posture of submission.

وصرت عبدا للبعوض أخضعا — And I became a submissive slave to mosquitoes.

خِضْعَاءadjective

1.
accepting of humiliationclassical
Feminine form of 'akhḍaʿ', meaning accepting of humiliation.

خُضُوعًاnoun

1.
submission, bendingboth
The act or state of being submissive or bent.

أخضعه الكبر خضعا وخضوعا — Old age made him submissive, with submission and humility.

اِخْضَعَّverb

1.
to bend, inclineclassical
To bend or incline, similar to 'khaḍaʿa'.

اِخْتَضَعَverb

1.
to move swiftlyclassical
To move or run quickly.
2.
to approach for matingclassical
A male animal (stallion) approaching a female to mate.

إذا اختلط المسيح بها تولت ... بسوم بين جرى واختضاع — When sweat mixed with her, she moved with varied gaits between running and swiftness.

مُخَاضَعَةnoun

1.
softening speech to each otherclassical
Mutual softening of speech between a man and a woman, implying flirtation or temptation.

مخاضعة، إذا خضع لها بكلامه وخضعت له — Mutual softening of speech, when he softened his speech to her and she softened hers to him.

تَخْضِيعnoun

1.
cutting meatclassical
The act of chopping or cutting meat into pieces.

اِخْتَضَعَverb

1.
to lower the head (falcon)classical
A falcon lowering its head in preparation for a dive.

اختضع الصقر: طامن رأسه للانقضاض — The falcon lowered its head: it bowed its head for the dive.

خُضْعَانnoun

1.
submissionclassical
The act or state of submission.

خضعانا لقوله — Submissively to his saying.

خُضْعadjective

1.
yielding, bendingclassical
Describing something that bends or yields easily, like plants.

نبات خضع: متثن من النعمة كأنه منحن — Khidʿ plant: supple from abundance as if bent.

خَضْعَةnoun

1.
sound of whipsclassical
The sound of whips striking.
2.
sound of swordsclassical
The sound of swords clashing.

وللسيوف خضعه — And for the swords, a clashing sound.

مِخْضَعnoun

1.
place of submissionclassical
A place or state where one is made to submit.

Parallel reading

خضع لله عز وجل، كمنع، يخضع خضوعا: ذل وتطامن وتواضع

He submitted to God Almighty, like 'manaʿa', he submits with submission: he was humbled, stooped, and showed humility.

فظلت أعناقهم لها خاضعين، أي منقادين

And their necks became submissive to it, meaning obedient.

والذي ذهب إليه الخليل وسيبويه أنه لما لم يكن الخضوع إلا خضوع الأعناق جاز أن يخبر عن المضاف إليه

And what Khalil and Sibawayh went with is that since submission is only the submission of necks, it is permissible to report about the possessed object.

يظل مختضعا يبدو فتنكره

He remains stooping, appearing and you deny him.

خضع: سكن وانقاد، وأيضا سكن لازم متعد

Khaḍaʿa: became still and obeyed, and also became intransitive and transitive.

يقال: خضعته فخضع، أي سكنته فسكن

It is said: I quieted him, and he became quiet, meaning I made him still, and he became still.

فلا تخضعن بالقول أي لا تلن

Do not speak in a soft tone, meaning do not be tender.

أعد الله للشعراء مني ... صواعق يخضعون لها الرقابا

God has prepared from me for the poets... thunderbolts that make necks submit to them.

اللهم إني أعوذ بك من الخنوع والخضوع

O God, I seek refuge in You from meekness and submission.

خضع النجم، أي مال للغروب

The star set, meaning it inclined towards sunset.

والنجوم خواضع، وضوارع، وضواجع

And the stars are setting, drooping, and lying down.

خواضع في كل ديمومة ... يكاد الظليم بها ينحل

Running with lowered heads in every barren land... the ostrich almost dissolves within it.

ولقد ذكرتك والمطي خواضع ... وكأنهن قطا فلاة مجهل

And I remembered you while the mounts were running with lowered heads... as if they were a barren, trackless plain.

الخضعة: من يخضع لكل أحد، نقله الجوهري والصاغاني

Al-khidʿah: one who submits to everyone, narrated by Al-Jawhari and Al-Sagani.

الخضعة: نخلة تنبت من النواة، لغة بني حنيفة

Al-khidʿah: a date palm that grows from a seed, a dialect of Banu Hanifa.

الخضعة: من يقهر أقرانه ويخضعهم ويذلهم

Al-khidʿah: one who overcomes their peers and makes them submit and humbles them.

وإذا الرجال رأوا يزيد رأيتهم ... خضع الرقاب نواكس الأبصار

And when men saw Yazid, you saw them with bowed necks and lowered eyes.

كأن خضيعة بطن الجواد ... وعوعة الذئب بالفدفد

As if the sound from the belly of the swift horse was like the howl of a wolf on the plain.

والضاربون الهام تحت الخيضعه

And striking heads beneath the confusion of sounds.

وصرت عبدا للبعوض أخضعا

And I became a submissive slave to mosquitoes.

وكان الزبير، رضي الله عنه، طويلا أزرق أخضع أشعر

And Al-Zubayr, may God be pleased with him, was tall, blue-eyed, with a stooped neck, and hairy.

أخضعته إليك الحاجة، أي ألجأتني وأحوجتني

Need has made me submissive to you, meaning it has driven me and made me needy.

اختضع الصقر: طامن رأسه للانقضاض

The falcon lowered its head: it bowed its head for the dive.

سمعت للسياط خضعة، وللسيوف بضعة

I heard the sound of whips, and the sound of swords.