← Back to Taj al-Arus

ج ف ع

Root entry · 8 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with the concept of overturning, throwing down, or subduing, often in the context of physical struggle or being overcome by hunger. It also touches upon the idea of inversion or reversal, with some scholars suggesting certain words are inversions of others.

Derived headwords

جَفَعَverb
  1. 1.
    to throw downclassical

    To cause someone to fall or be thrown down, often implying a struggle or defeat.

  2. 2.
    to be thrown downclassical

    To be overcome or thrown down, particularly by extreme hunger.

جَفْعًاnoun
  1. 1.
    throwing downclassical

    The act of throwing someone down or causing them to fall.

جَفَعَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to throw him downclassical

    To cause a male person to fall or be thrown down.

جَعَفَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to throw him downclassical

    To cause a male person to fall or be thrown down; considered an inversion of 'جَفَعَهُ'.

يَجْفَعُverb
  1. 1.
    he throws downclassical

    He causes someone to fall or be thrown down.

  2. 2.
    he is thrown downclassical

    He is overcome or thrown down, especially by hunger.

يَخْفَعُverb
  1. 1.
    he throws downclassical

    He causes someone to fall or be thrown down; mentioned as a variant reading.

قَلَبَverb
  1. 1.
    to turn overboth

    To invert or turn something upside down.

مَقْلُوبadjective
  1. 1.
    invertedboth

    Reversed in order or position; considered an inversion of a standard form.

Parallel reading

جفعه، كمنعه، أهمله الجوهري.
He neglected it, like 'man'a' (prevented), according to Al-Jawhari.
جفعه وجعفه، إذا صرعه
He threw him down and he threw him down, meaning he felled him.
وهذا مقلوب، كما قالوا: جذب وجبذ
And this is an inversion, as they said: 'jadhab' (pulled) and 'jabhadh'.
يمشون قد نفخ الخزير بطونهم ... زغدا، وضيف بني عقال يجفع
They walk, their bellies distended with fat, hungry, and the guest of Bani 'Aqqal is thrown down (by hunger).
بالجيم، أي يصرع من الجوع.
With the letter Jim, meaning he is felled by hunger.
ورواه بعضهم: يخفع، بالخاء
And some of them narrated it as 'yakhfa'u', with the letter Kha.
جفع الشيء جفعا: قلبه
He turned the thing over, a turning over.
ولولا أن له مصدرا لقلنا، إنه مقلوب
And if it did not have a source (masdar), we would say it is an inversion.
وهذا يخالف ما قاله الأزهري، فتأمل.
And this contradicts what Al-Azharī said, so ponder it.