ج ذ ع

Root entry · 17 derived lemmas

The root ج ذ ع (j-dh-ʿ) primarily relates to the concept of being young, immature, or in an early stage of development, particularly for animals. It extends to meanings of newness, freshness, and inexperience, and metaphorically to the passage of time or a formidable entity.

Derived headwords

الجذعnoun

1.
young animalboth
An animal, especially livestock, before it reaches a certain age of maturity, typically before its first or second year, when it becomes suitable for riding or other uses.
2.
young personboth
A young, inexperienced person, a youth.
3.
trunk of a palm treeboth
The main stem or trunk of a palm tree, especially after it has dried or been cut.
4.
newnessclassical
The state of being new, fresh, or original.

الجذع من الدواب والأنعام: قبل أن يثنى بسنة — The young of animals and livestock: before it completes a year.

يا ليتني فيها جذع — I wish I were a youth in it.

جذعverb

1.
to be youngboth
To reach the age of being called 'jadh' (young animal).
2.
to hold backclassical
To restrain or hold back an animal, especially without providing fodder.
3.
to rubclassical
To rub or chafe something.

أجذع إجذاعا — To become a jadh (young animal).

جذع الدابة: حبسها على غير علف — To hold back an animal: to restrain it without fodder.

جذعةnoun

1.
young female animalboth
A young female animal, specifically a female camel of a certain age required for charity, or a young female sheep.
2.
young femaleclassical
A young female, particularly a young girl.

وهي التي أوجبها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في صدقة الإبل إذا جاوزت ستين — And it is she (the jadh'ah) whom the Prophet, peace be upon him, mandated in the charity of camels when they exceed sixty.

جذاعnoun

1.
young camelsclassical
A plural for young camels.
2.
a tribeclassical
A group of people, specifically a lineage or tribe known by this name.

ج: جذاع، بالكسر، وجذعان، بالضم — Plural: jidhāʿ, with kasra, and jadhʿān, with damma.

جذعانnoun

1.
young animalsboth
Plural for young animals, particularly camels.
2.
small mountainsclassical
The smaller peaks or foothills of mountains.

وجذعان الجبال، بالضم: صغارها — And jadh'ān of the mountains, with damma: their small ones.

أجذعverb

1.
to make youngboth
To cause an animal to reach the age of being called 'jadh'.
2.
to hold backclassical
To restrain or detain someone or something.

أجذعه: حبسه، بالذال، وبالدال — To ajdha'ahu: to detain him, with dhāl, and with dāl.

إجذاعnoun

1.
reaching young ageboth
The act or process of an animal reaching the age of being called 'jadh'.
2.
detentionclassical
The act of holding back or detaining.

والجذع من الضأن فإنه يجزئ في الضحية. وقد اختلفوا في وقت إجذاعه — And the jadh' of a sheep is valid for sacrifice. They differed on the timing of its 'ijdhāʿ'.

المجذوعnoun

1.
animal held backclassical
An animal that is restrained or held back, especially without proper fodder or pasture.

والمجذوع: المحبوس على غير مرعى — And the majdhūʿ: the one held back from pasture.

المجذعadjective

1.
unstableclassical
Lacking origin or stability; rootless.

المجذع: كل ما لا أصل له ولا ثبات — Al-majdh'aʿ: anything that has no origin and no stability.

تجاذعverb

1.
to act youngclassical
To behave or appear as if one is young or inexperienced.

تجاذع الرجل: أرى أنه جذع — A man tajādhaʿa: he appears to be young.

جذعمةnoun

1.
very young childclassical
A very young, immature child, often implying a lack of understanding or influence.

أسلم والله أبو بكر وأنا جذعمة أقول فلا يسمع — By God, Abu Bakr embraced Islam while I was a jadh'amah, I would speak and not be heard.

جذيعname

1.
proper nameclassical
A male given name.

جذيع، كزبير: اسم — Jadhīʿ, like Zubayr: a name.

جذعانnoun

1.
small mountainsclassical
The smaller peaks or foothills of mountains.

وجذعان الجبال، بالضم: صغارها — And jadh'ān of the mountains, with damma: their small ones.

جذعnoun

1.
trunk of a palm treeboth
The main stem or trunk of a palm tree, especially after it has dried or been cut.

وهزي إليك بجذع النخلة — And shake towards you the trunk of the palm tree.

جذعnoun

1.
beamclassical
A beam, particularly a ceiling beam.

والجذع، بالكسر: سهم السقف — And al-jadh' (with kasra): a beam of the roof.

جذعname

1.
proper nameclassical
A name of a person, associated with a historical event and proverb.

جذع بن عمرو الغساني مشهور — Jadh' ibn Amr al-Ghassani is famous.

جذاعnoun

1.
peopleclassical
One's people or kin, used without a singular form.

جذاع الرجل، ككتاب: قومه، لا واحد له — Jidhāʿ of a man, like kitāb: his people, it has no singular.

Parallel reading

الجذع من الدواب والأنعام: قبل أن يثنى بسنة، وهو أول ما يستطاع ركوبه والانتفاع به.

The young animal (jadh') of beasts and livestock: before it completes a year, and it is the first that can be ridden and benefited from.

قال الجوهري وابن سيده، والجذع: اسم له في زمن، وليس بسن تنبت أو تسقط، زاد ابن سيده: وتعاقبها أخرى.

Al-Jawhari and Ibn Sidah said, and the jadh' is a name for a period of time, not a tooth that grows or falls out, Ibn Sidah added: and another follows it.

فأما البعير فإنه يجذع لاستكماله أربعة أعوام، ودخوله في السنة الخامسة، وهو قبل ذلك حق، والذكر جذع، والأنثى جذعة.

As for the camel, it becomes a jadh' upon completing four years and entering its fifth year; before that it is a haqq, and the male is a jadh', and the female is a jadh'ah.

وأما الجذع في الخيل، فقال ابن الأعرابي: إذا استتم الفرس سنتين ودخل في الثالثة فهو جذع، وإذا استتم الثالثة ودخل في الرابعة فهو ثني.

As for the jadh' in horses, Ibn al-A'rabi said: When a horse completes two years and enters its third, it is a jadh', and when it completes the third and enters the fourth, it is a thani.

وأما الجذع من البقر، فقال ابن الأعرابي: إذا طلع قرن العجل وقبض عليه فهو عضب، ثم هو بعد ذلك جذع، وبعده ثني، وبعده رباع.

As for the jadh' of cattle, Ibn al-A'rabi said: When the calf's horn emerges and is grasped, it is 'adhb, then after that it is jadh', and after that thani, and after that rubā'.

وأما الجذع من الضأن فإنه يجزئ في الضحية.

As for the jadh' of sheep, it is valid for sacrifice.

وقال ابن الأعرابي: الجذع من الغنم لسنة، ومن الخيل لسنتين، قال: والعناق تجذع لسنة، وربما أجذعت العناق قبل تمام السنة للخصب، فتسمن، فيسرع إجذاعها، فهي جذعة لسنة، وثنية لتمام سنتين.

Ibn al-A'rabi said: The jadh' of sheep is for one year, and of horses for two years. He said: A female goat kid becomes jadh' at one year, and sometimes a female goat kid becomes jadh' before the year is complete due to fertility, so it fattens, and its 'ijdhāʿ is hastened; it is a jadh'ah for one year, and a thaniyyah for two full years.

ومن المجاز: أهلكهم الأزلم الجذع، أي الدهر، قال لقيط الإيادي: (يا قومبيضتكم لا تفضحن بها ... إني أخاف عليها الأزلم الجذعا)

And from metaphor: Al-Azlam al-Jadh' destroyed them, meaning time. Laqit al-Iyadi said: (O my people, may your whiteness not shame you with it... I fear for it Al-Azlam al-Jadh'.)

ويقال: لا آتيك الأزلم الجذع، أي لا آتيك أبدا، لأن الدهر أبدا جديد، كأنه فتي لم يسن.

And it is said: I will not come to you by Al-Azlam al-Jadh', meaning I will never come to you, because time is always new, as if it were young and not aged.

ومن المجاز: أم الجذع: الداهية، وهو من ذلك.

And from metaphor: Umm al-Jadh': the calamity, and it is from that.

ومن المجاز: الدهر جذع أبدا، أي جديد، كأنه شاب لا يهرم.

And from metaphor: Time is always jadh', meaning new, as if it were a youth who does not age.

وفي حديث علي رضي الله عنه أنه قال: أسلم والله أبو بكر وأنا جذعمة أقول فلا يسمع، فكيف أكون أحق بمقام أبي بكر رضي الله عنه

And in the hadith of Ali, may God be pleased with him, he said: By God, Abu Bakr embraced Islam while I was a jadh'amah, I would speak and not be heard. So how could I be more deserving of Abu Bakr's position, may God be pleased with him?

وجذع الدابة، كمنع: حبسها على غير علف، نقله الجوهري، وأنشد للعجاج: كأنه من طول جذع العفس ورملان الخمس بعد الخمس

And jadh' of an animal, like mana'a: to hold it back without fodder, as narrated by Al-Jawhari, and he cited Al-A'raj: As if from the length of jadh' of the 'afas and ramalan of the fifth after the fifth.

وجذع بين البعيرين، إذا قرنهما في قرن، أي حبل. كذا في النوادر.

And jadh' between two camels, if he ties them together with a rope. This is in Al-Nawadir.

قال ذو الرمة يصف السراب. (وقد خنق الآل الشعاف، وغرقت ... جواريه جذعان القضاف النوابك)

Dhu al-Rummah said, describing the mirage. (And the mirage choked the peaks, and its companions were drowned... the jadh'ān of the Qudhaf al-Nawābik)

والجذع، بالكسر: ساق النخلة وقال بعضهم: لا يسمى جذعا إلا بعد يبسه.

And al-jadh' (with kasra): the trunk of the palm tree. Some said: it is not called a jadh' except after it dries.

وفي الحديث: يبصر أحدكم القذى في عين أخيه، ويدع الجذع في عينيه والجمع أجذاع وجذوع.

And in the hadith: One of you sees the speck in his brother's eye, and leaves the jadh' (trunk/beam) in his own eyes. The plural is ajdhāʿ and judhūʿ.

خذ من جذع ما أعطاك يقال: كانت غسان تؤدي كل سنة إلى ملك سليح دينارين من كل رجل، وكان الذي يلي ذلك سبطة بن المنذر السليحي، فجاء سبطة إلى جذع يسأله الدينارين، فدخل جذع منزله، فخرج مشتملا بسيفه، فضرب به سبطة حتى برد، وقال: خذ من جذع ما أعطاك، وامتنعت غسان من هذه الإتاوة بعد ذلك، وهذا هو المعول عليه في أصل المثل: قاله الصاغاني.

Take from Jadh' what he gives you. It is said: Ghassan used to pay annually to the king of Sulayh two dinars per man. Sabtah ibn al-Mundhir al-Sulayhi was in charge of that. Sabtah came to Jadh' asking for the two dinars. Jadh' entered his house, came out with his sword wrapped around him, struck Sabtah with it until he was cold, and said: Take from Jadh' what he gives you. Ghassan then refused this tribute thereafter, and this is the basis for the origin of the proverb: Al-Saghani said so.

وأعدت الأمر جذعا: أي جديدا كما بدأ، وهو مجاز أيضًا.

And I redid the matter as a jadh': meaning new as it began, and this is also metaphorical.

وإذا طفئت حرب بين قوم، فقال: بعضهم: إن شئتم أعدناها جذعة، أي أول ما يبتدأ فيها، وكل ذلك مجاز.

And if a war between a people is extinguished, some of them say: If you wish, we will make it jadh'ah again, meaning its beginning, and all of that is metaphorical.