ف ظ ظ

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

This root primarily describes harshness, roughness, and coarseness, particularly in disposition, speech, and physical attributes. It also extends to a specific substance found in an animal's stomach, used as a last resort for water, and related concepts.

Derived headwords

الفَظّadjective

1.
Harsh, coarseboth
Describes a person who is rough in disposition, coarse in speech, and ill-tempered.
2.
Rough-sidedclassical
Describing someone who is coarse in their dealings and bad-tempered.

فظاظةnoun

1.
Harshness, coarsenessboth
The quality of being harsh, coarse, or ill-tempered in disposition and speech.

الفظاظnoun

1.
Harshness of speechclassical
A roughness or coarseness specifically in one's speech.

الفظظnoun

1.
Harshness of speechclassical
Similar to 'al-faẓāẓ', denoting roughness or coarseness in speech.

فظظتُverb

1.
To be harshclassical
The past tense form of becoming harsh or coarse in disposition or speech.

تفِظُّverb

1.
To become harshclassical
A verb form indicating the process of becoming harsh or coarse.

فظاظةًnoun

1.
Harshnessclassical
The state or quality of being harsh or coarse.

فظظاnoun

1.
Harshnessclassical
A noun denoting harshness or coarseness.

الفَظّnoun

1.
Stomach fluidclassical
The fluid found in the stomach of a slaughtered animal, particularly the rumen, which could be extracted and drunk in times of extreme thirst.

فظَهverb

1.
To extract stomach fluidclassical
To slit open the stomach of an animal to extract its fluid.

افتظهverb

1.
To extract stomach fluidclassical
To extract the fluid from an animal's stomach, often by slitting it open.
2.
To tie the mouth shutclassical
To tie an animal's mouth shut to prevent it from regurgitating, then later extracting its stomach contents.

الفَظِيظnoun

1.
Semenclassical
The fluid of a male animal (stallion) or a female animal, considered by some to be semen.
2.
Stomach fluidclassical
The fluid from an animal's stomach.

الفظاظةnoun

1.
Semenclassical
The fluid of a male or female animal, possibly semen.
2.
Stomach fluidclassical
The fluid from an animal's stomach.
3.
Offspring of a curseclassical
Figuratively, a descendant born under a curse, like a drop from a curse.

فظ بظother

1.
Harsh and roughclassical
An emphatic expression for extreme harshness and roughness, used as an idiomatic phrase.

أفظَظَverb

1.
To repelclassical
To turn someone away from what they intend to do or pursue.
2.
To extract stomach fluidclassical
To extract the fluid from an animal's stomach.

إفظاظاًnoun

1.
Repellingclassical
The act of turning someone away or deterring them.

أفظّadjective

1.
Harsher, more difficultclassical
Comparative form indicating someone is more difficult in disposition or more unpleasant than another.

أفظاظnoun

1.
Harsh peopleclassical
Plural of 'al-faẓẓ', referring to harsh or ill-tempered men.

فظوظnoun

1.
Animal urineclassical
Refers to the urine of animals, specifically mentioned in the context of desperate measures for survival.

Parallel reading

الفَظّ من الرجال: الغليظ، كما في الصحاح، وفي بعض نسخه زيادة: الجافي، بعده.

The 'al-faẓẓ' among men: the coarse, as in Al-Ṣiḥāḥ, and in some of its copies an addition: the uncouth.

وفي العباب: هو الغليظ الجانب السيئ الخلق القاسي.

And in Al-ʿUbāb: he is coarse in his dealings, ill-tempered, and harsh.

وقال الحراني: الفظ: الخشن الكلام.

And Al-Ḥarrānī said: 'Al-faẓẓ' is one who is rough in speech.

وقال الليث: هو الذي في منطقه غلظ وتجهم.

And Al-Layth said: he is one whose speech has coarseness and a scowl.

يقال: رجل {فظ بين} الفظاظة، بالفتح.

It is said: a man 'faẓẓ bayna' al-faẓāẓah (harshness).

{والفظاظ، بالكسر،} والفظظ، محركة.

And 'al-faẓāẓ' (with kasra), and 'al-faẓẓ' (vowelled).

تعرف فيه اللؤم {والفظاظا والفظظ: خشونة في الكلام،}

You recognize in him baseness and 'al-faẓāẓa' and 'al-faẓẓa': roughness in speech,

وقد {فظظت، بالكسر،} تفظ {فظاظة} وفظظا: والأول أكثر لثقل التضعيف.

And one may say 'faẓẓtu' (with kasra), 'tafaẓẓa' 'faẓāẓatan' and 'faẓẓan': and the first is more common due to the weight of the doubled consonant.

والفظ ماء الكرش، كما في الصحاح، وزاد غيره: يعتصر ويشرب منه عند عوز الماء في المفاوز والفلوات، وقد فظه {وافتظه: شق عنه الكرش، أو عصره منها، وأنشد الجوهري للشاعر وهو حسان بن نشبة العدوي، كما في العباب.

And 'al-faẓẓ' is the fluid of the rumen, as in Al-Ṣiḥāḥ, and others added: it is squeezed and drunk when water is scarce in deserts and wastelands, and one may 'faẓẓahu' and 'iftāẓahu': slit open the rumen, or squeeze it out from it, and Al-Jawharī cited a poet, Ḥassān ibn Nashbah Al-ʿAdawī, as in Al-ʿUbāb.

إنما هو جساس بن نشبة، ككتاب: (وكانوا كأنف الليث لا شم مرغما ... ولا نال فظ الصيد حتى يعفرا)

Rather, it is Jassās ibn Nashbah, like the word 'kitāb': (And they were like the lion's nose, not smelling what is forced upon it... nor reaching the 'faẓẓ' of the prey until it is subdued)

يقول: لا يشم ذلة فترغمه، ولا ينال من صيده لحما حتى يصرعه ويعفره، لأنه ليس بذي اختلاس كغيره من السباع.

He means: it does not smell humiliation and be forced, nor does it reach meat from its prey until it overpowers and subdues it, because it is not one that snatches like other predators.

قال: ومنه قولهم: افتظ الرجل، وهو أن يسقي بعيره ثم يشد فمه لئلا يجتر، فإذا أصابه عطش شق بطنه، فعصر فرثه، فشربه وانتهى.

He said: And from this is their saying: 'iftāẓa al-rajul', which is to give his camel water then tie its mouth so it does not ruminate, and if thirst befalls it, he slits its belly, squeezes out its dung, drinks it, and is satisfied.

وقال الشافعي رحمه الله: إن افتظ رجل كرش بعير نحره، فاعتصر ماءه وصفاه، لم يجز أن يتطهر به.

And Al-Shāfiʿī, may God have mercy on him, said: If a man 'iftāẓa' the rumen of a camel he slaughtered, squeezed its fluid and strained it, it is not permissible to purify oneself with it.

وقال الراجز: بجك كرش الناب {لافتظاظها

And the poet said: Your camel's rumen, 'li-iftiẓāẓihā'

الفَظيظ، كأمير، زعموا: ماء الفحل أو المرأة، وليس بثبت.: وأما كراع فقال: الفظيظ: ماء الفحل في رحم الناقة، وأنشد ابن سيده للشاعر يصف القطا، وأنهن يحملن الماء لفراخهن في حواصلهن: (حملن لها مياها في الأداوى ... كما يحملن في البيظ {الفظيظا)

'Al-faẓīẓ', like 'amīr', they claim: the fluid of the stallion or the female, and it is not confirmed. As for Kurāʿ, he said: 'Al-faẓīẓ': the fluid of the stallion in the womb of the she-camel, and Ibn Sīdah cited the poet describing sandgrouse, and that they carry water for their chicks in their crops: (They carried for them water in skins... as they carry in the eggs 'al-faẓīẓa')

والفظاظة، بالضم: فعالة منه، أي من {الفظيظ: ماء الفحل أو ماء الكرش، والأخير أنكره الخطابي، أو من الفظ.

And 'al-faẓāẓah' (with damma): is a 'faʿālah' from it, meaning from 'al-faẓīẓ': the fluid of the stallion or the fluid of the rumen, the latter is denied by Al-Khaṭṭābī, or from 'al-faẓẓ'.

ومنه قول عائشة رضي الله عنها لمروان بن الحكم: ولكن الله لعن أباك) وأنت في صلبه، فأنت} فظاظة من لعنة الله، أي نطفة منها، ويروى: فضض، بضمتين، جمع فضيض، وهو الماء الغريض، ويروى: فضض، محركة، فعل بمعنى مفعول، ويروى: فضيض، كأمير وقد تقدم في ف ض ض: وهو {فظ بظ، إتباع قال ابن سيده: حكاه ثعلب. ولم يفسر بظا، فوجهناه على الإتباع.

And from this is the saying of ʿĀʾishah, may God be pleased with her, to Marwān ibn Al-Ḥakam: But God cursed your father while you were in his loins, so you are 'faẓāẓah' from God's curse, meaning a drop from it, and it is narrated: 'fuḍuḍ' (with two damma), the plural of 'faḍīḍ', which is fresh water, and it is narrated: 'fuḍuḍ' (vowelled), a verb meaning passive, and it is narrated: 'faḍīḍ', like 'amīr', and it has preceded in 'f ḍ ḍ': which is 'faẓẓ baẓẓ', an echo word. Ibn Sīdah said: Thaʿlab narrated it. He did not explain 'baẓẓ', so we interpreted it as an echo word.

أفظه {إفظاظا: رده عما يريد.

'Afẓahu' 'ifẓāẓan': to repel him from what he wants.

وإذا أدخلت الخيط في الخرت فقد} أفظظته، عن أبي عمر و.

And if you insert the thread into the nostril, you have 'afẓaẓtuhu', from Abū ʿAmr.

وهو {أفظ من فلان، أي أصعب خلقا وأشرس.

And he is 'afẓ min fulān', meaning more difficult in disposition and more savage.

وقال الزمخشري: أفظظت الكرش: اعتصرت ماءها.

And Al-Zamakhsharī said: 'Afẓaẓtu al-kursh': I squeezed its fluid.

وجمع {الفظ، بمعنى الرجل السيئ الخلق،} أفظاظ، أنشد ابن جني للراجز: (حتى ترى الجواظ من {فظاظها ... مذلوليا بعد شذا} أفظاظها)

And the plural of 'al-faẓẓ', meaning the ill-tempered man, is 'afẓāẓ', Ibn Jinnī cited the poet: (Until you see the crowds from 'faẓāẓihā'... humbled after the scattering of 'afẓāẓihā')

وجمع {فظ الصيد} فظوظ. قال متمم بن نويرة رضي الله عنه: (وكان لهم إذ يعصرون {فظوظها ... بدجلة أو فيض الخريبة مورد)

And the plural of 'faẓẓ al-ṣayd' (prey) is 'faẓūẓ'. Muṭammim ibn Nuwayrah, may God be pleased with him, said: (And they had, when they squeezed 'faẓūẓahā'... a watering place in the Tigris or the flood of the stream)

يقول: يستبيلون خيلهم ليشربوا بولها من العطش، فإذا الفظوظ هي تلك الأبوال بعينها، كما في اللسان.

He means: they collect their horses' urine to drink it out of thirst, so 'al-faẓūẓ' are precisely those urines, as in Al-Lisān.