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ف ل س ط

Root entry · 3 derived lemmas

This root entry primarily discusses place names in the Levant, specifically referring to the region of Palestine and its major cities. It delves into the etymology and grammatical treatment of the word 'Filastin' and its variants, noting its potential foreign origin and how it was treated by Arab grammarians.

Derived headwords

فِلَسْطُونname
  1. 1.
    Palestine (region)both

    A region in the Levant, specifically referring to the area encompassing cities like Ramla, Gaza, and Jerusalem.

فِلَسْطِينname
  1. 1.
    Palestine (region)both

    A region in the Levant, often used interchangeably with 'Filastun'. It is described as the area between the Jordan River and the lands of Egypt, with Jerusalem as its main city.

  2. 2.
    Palestine (city)classical

    A city located in Iraq, mentioned as a possible meaning for the term.

فِلَسْطِيّadjective
  1. 1.
    related to Palestineboth

    An adjective denoting something or someone originating from or related to the region of Palestine.

كأس فلسطية معتقة — An aged cup from Palestine

Parallel reading

وهو رحمه الله تعالى ذكره في ترجمة طين
And may God Almighty have mercy on him, his mention is in the entry for 'tin'.
حقها أن تذكر في فصل الفاء من باب الطاء لقولهم: فلسطون فتأمل: كورة بالشام.
It rightfully belongs to be mentioned in the section of the letter Fāʼ from the chapter of the letter Ṭāʼ, due to their saying: 'Filastun', so ponder: it is a district in Sham.
في نور النبراس: هي: الرملة، وغزة، وبيت المقدس وما والاها.
In Nūr al-Nibrās: It is: Ramla, Gaza, Jerusalem, and what is around them.
وفي النهاية هي: ما بين الأردن وديار مصر وأم بلادها بيت المقدس.
And in al-Nihāyah, it is: what is between the Jordan and the lands of Egypt, and the mother of its lands is Jerusalem.
وفلسطين: ة، وقيل: مدينة بالعراق.
And Filastin: a city, and it was said: a city in Iraq.
وفي التهذيب: نونها زائدة.
And in al-Tahdhīb: its Nūn is an addition.
وقال غيره: بل هي كلمة رومية.
And others said: rather, it is a Roman word.
والعرب في إعرابها على مذهبين، منهم: من يجعلها بمنزلة الجمع، ويجعل إعرابها في الحرف الذي قبل النون، تقول في حال الرفع بالواو: هذه فلسطون، وفي حال النصب والجر بالياء، رأيت فلسطين ومررت بفلسطين، أو تجعلها بمنزلة ما لا ينصرف وتلزمها الياء في كل حال فتقول: هذه فلسطين ورأيت فلسطين ومررت بفلسطين، ومنهم من يجعلها بمنزلة الجمع ويجعل إعرابها في الحرف الذي قبل النون فيقول: هذه فلسطون ورأيت فلسطين. ومررت بفلسطين، والنون في كل ذلك مفتوحة
And the Arabs, in its grammatical treatment, follow two schools of thought. Among them: those who treat it as a plural, and assign its case endings to the letter before the Nūn. They say in the nominative case with a Wāw: 'Hādhihi Filastūn', and in the accusative and genitive cases with a Yāʼ: 'Ra'aytu Filastīn wa marartu bi-Filastīn'. Or they treat it as indeclinable and obligate the Yāʼ in all cases, so they say: 'Hādhihi Filastīn wa ra'aytu Filastīn wa marartu bi-Filastīn'. And among them: those who treat it as a plural and assign its case endings to the letter before the Nūn, saying: 'Hādhihi Filastūn wa ra'aytu Filastīn wa marartu bi-Filastīn'. And the Nūn in all of that is fathah.
فكأني من ذكرهم خالطتني ... من فلسطين جلس خمر عقار
As if from their mention, they mixed with me... from Palestine, sitting with aged wine.
عتقت في القلال من بيت رأس ... سنوات وما سبتها التجار
Aged in jugs from Bayt Rās... for years, and the merchants did not capture it.
والنسبة إليها فلسطي
And the attribution to it is 'Filasti'.
متى تسق من أنيابها بعد هجعة ... من الليل شربا حين مالت طلاتها
When you give it to drink from its fangs after a slumber... of the night, a drink when its peaks leaned.
تخله فلسطيا إذا ذقت طعمه ... على ربذات الني حمش لثاتها
You would think it Palestinian when you taste its flavor... on the rough, lean, and sparse parts of its gums.