بغض

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of hatred, animosity, and dislike, as opposed to love. It encompasses various degrees of animosity, from general dislike to intense hatred, and includes related concepts like enmity and aversion. The root also touches upon the act of causing someone to hate or dislike something or someone else.

Derived headwords

البَغْضُnoun

1.
hatredboth
The opposite of love; a strong feeling of dislike or animosity.

البَغْضَاءُnoun

1.
intense hatredboth
A heightened or severe form of hatred or animosity.

البُغْضَةُnoun

1.
hatredboth
The opposite of love; a strong feeling of dislike or animosity.
2.
those who hateclassical
A group of people who harbor hatred or dislike.

البِغَاضَةُnoun

1.
intense hatredboth
A severe degree of hatred or animosity.

بَغَضَverb

1.
to hateboth
To feel strong dislike or animosity towards someone or something.

بَغِيضٌadjective

1.
hatedboth
Detested or strongly disliked.
2.
hatefulboth
Causing hatred or dislike.

بُغَضَاءُnoun

1.
hatredclassical
A collective noun referring to hatred or those who hate.

أَبْغَضَverb

1.
to hateboth
To feel strong dislike or animosity towards someone or something.
2.
to make hatefulboth
To cause someone or something to be disliked or hated.

مُبْغِضٌadjective

1.
hatefulboth
One who hates; harboring hatred.
2.
hatedboth
Causing hatred or dislike.

التَبَغُّضُnoun

1.
mutual hatredboth
The act of developing or showing hatred towards each other.

التَبَاغُضُnoun

1.
mutual hatredboth
The state or act of hating each other.

التَبْغِيضُnoun

1.
making hatefulboth
The act of causing something or someone to be hated or disliked.

مُتَبَاغِضٌadjective

1.
hating each otherboth
One who harbors hatred towards another.

البَغُوضُadjective

1.
hatefulclassical
One who hates; harboring hatred.
2.
hatedclassical
Causing hatred or dislike.

المُبَاغَضَةُnoun

1.
mutual hatredclassical
The act of cultivating or showing animosity towards one another.

البَغِيضُname

1.
Al-Baghīdclassical
A proper name, specifically a title or nickname given to Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Ja'far.

Parallel reading

البَغْضُ بالضم: ضد الحب، نقله الجوهري.

Al-Baghḍu (with ḍammah): the opposite of love, as transmitted by Al-Jawhari.

ضد الحب يلزمه العداوة في الأكثر، لا أنهما بمعنى، لظاهر إنما يريد الشيطان أن يوقع بينكم العداوة والبغضاء والبغضة، بالكسر، والبغضاء: شدته، وكذلك البغاضة.

The opposite of love necessitates enmity in most cases, not that they are synonymous, as evident from the verse: 'Satan only wants to cause enmity and hatred between you.' And Al-Buġḍatu (with kasrah), and Al-Baġḍā': its intensity, as is also Al-Biġāḍatu.

وبغض، ككرم، ونصر، وفرح، بغاضة مصدر الأول، فهو بغيض، من قوم بغضاء.

And baġaḍa, like karuma, naṣara, and fariḥa, with biġāḍah as the masdar of the first, so he is baġīḍ, from a people of buġaḍā'.

يقال، نسبه ابن بري إلى أهل اليمن: بغض جدك، كتعس جدك، وعثر جدك، وهو من حد كرم.

It is said, and Ibn Barrī attributes it to the people of Yemen: 'Buġḍa jaddik,' like 'ta'sa jaddik,' and 'ʻathara jaddik,' and it is from the pattern of karuma.

نعم الله بك عينا وبغض بعدوك عينا، وهو من حد نصر.

May God make you a delight to your eye, and may He make your enemy a source of hatred to your eye, and it is from the pattern of naṣara.

قولهم أنا أبغضه ويبغضني، بالضم، لغة رديئة، من كلام الحشو، وأثبتها ثعلب وحده، فإنه قال في قوله عز وجل: إني لعملكم من القالين أي الباغضين، فدل هذا على أن بغض عنده لغة، ولولا أنها لغة عنده لقال من المبغضين.

Their saying 'I hate him and he hates me,' with ḍammah, is a poor dialect, from common speech. Only Tha'lab affirmed it, for he said regarding God Almighty's saying: 'Indeed, I am of those who detest your deeds,' meaning the haters, so this indicates that 'buġḍ' is a dialect for him. If it were not a dialect for him, he would have said 'mubghiḍīn' (those who cause hatred).

قولهم: ما أبغضه لي. شاذ لا يقاس عليه، كما قاله الجوهري.

Their saying: 'Mā abġaḍahu lī.' is irregular and cannot be generalized, as stated by Al-Jawhari.

إنما جعله شاذا، لأنه جعله من أبغض، والتعجب لا يكون من أفعل إلا بأشد ونحوه، قال: وليس كما ظن، بل هو من بغض فلان إلي.

He only deemed it irregular because he considered it derived from 'abġada,' and exclamations of wonder are not formed from 'af'ala' except with 'ashadda' and its like. He said: 'This is not as he thought, but rather it is from 'buġḍa fulān ilayya' (so-and-so's hatred towards me).'

وقد حكى أهل اللغة والنحو: ما أبغضني له، إذا كنت أنت المبغض له، وما أبغضني إليه، إذا كان هو المبغض لك.

The linguists and grammarians have narrated: 'Mā abġaḍanī lahu,' if you are the one hating him, and 'Mā abġaḍanī ilayhi,' if he is the one hating you.

وحكى سيبويه: ما أبغضني له، وما أبغضني له فإنما تخبر أنك مبغض له، وإذا قلت: ما أبغضه إلي فإنما تخبر أنه مبغض عندك.

And Sībawayh narrated: 'Mā abġaḍanī lahu,' and 'Mā abġaḍanī lahu,' you are merely stating that you are hateful towards him. And when you say: 'Mā abġaḍahu ilayya,' you are stating that he is hateful in your estimation.

وأبغضوه، أي مقتوه، فهو مبغض.

And they hated him, meaning they detested him, so he is hated.

والتبغيض، والتباغض، والتبغض: ضد التحبيب، والتحابب، والتحبب، تقول: حبب إلي زيد: وبغض إلي عمر و، وتحبب لي فلان، وتبغض لي أخوه.

And at-tabġīḍu, at-tabāġuḍu, and at-tabaġġu: are the opposite of at-taḥbību, at-taḥābubi, and at-taḥabbuibi. You say: 'Ḥabbaba ilayya Zayd' (Zayd was made beloved to me): and 'Baġḍa ilayya 'Umaru' (Umar was made hateful to me), and 'taḥabbaba ilayya fulān' (so-and-so sought my affection), and 'tabaġġaḍa ilayya akhūhu' (his brother sought to be hated by me).

وما رأيت أشد تباغضا منهما، ولم يزالا متباغضين.

And I have not seen more mutual hatred between them, and they remained hating each other.

البغضة، بالكسر: القوم يبغضون، قاله السكري في شرح قول ساعدة بن جؤية: (ومن العوادي أن تقتك ببغضة ... وتقاذف منها وأنك ترقب)

Al-Buġḍatu (with kasrah): the people who hate, as stated by Al-Sukkari in his explanation of the saying of Sa'idah ibn Ju'ayyah: (And among the calamities is that you are struck by a group of haters...)

فهو على هذا جمع، كغلمة وصبية، ولولا أن المعهود من العرب أن لا تتشكى من محبوب بغضة في أشعارها لقلنا إن البغضة هنا الإبغاض.

So, according to this, it is a plural, like 'ghilmah' and 'ṣibyah.' And if it were not for the known practice of the Arabs not to complain about a beloved by 'buġḍah' in their poetry, we would say that 'buġḍah' here means 'ibġāḍ' (causing hatred).

وبغضه الله إلى الناس، فهو مبغض: يبغض كثيرا.

And God made him hated by people, so he is 'mubġiḍ' (hated): he hates a lot.

والبغاضة: شدة البغض، قال معقل بن خويلد الهذلي: (أبا معقل لا توطئنك بغاضتي ... رؤوس الأفاعي من مراصدها العرم)

And Al-Biġāḍatu: is the intensity of hatred. Ma'qil ibn Khuwailid Al-Hudhali said: (O Aba Ma'qil, do not let my intense hatred tread upon you... the heads of snakes from their watchful places.)

والبغوض: المبغض، أنشد سيبويه: ولكن بغوض أن يقال عديم

And Al-Baġūḍu: is the hater. Sībawayh recited: 'But a hater, to be called destitute.'

وفيه دليل قوي لما ذهب إليه ثعلب من أن بغضته لغة، لأن فعولا إنما هي في الأكثر عن فاعل لا مفعل وقيل: البغيض المبغض والمبغض جميعا، ضد.

And in it is strong evidence for what Tha'lab held, that 'buġḍatuhu' is a dialect, because the pattern 'fa'ūl' is mostly derived from an active participle ('fā'il') and not a passive one ('maf'ūl'). It is also said: Al-Baġīḍu is the one who hates and the one who is hated, both, opposite.

والمباغضة: تعاطي البغضاء، وقد باغضته. أنشد ثعلب: يا رب مولى ساءني مباغض علي ذي ضغن وضب فارض له قروء كقروء الحائض

And Al-Mubāġaḍatu: is the act of cultivating hatred. And I have cultivated hatred towards him. Tha'lab recited: 'O Lord, a patron who has saddened me with mutual hatred, upon one with malice and a barren lizard whose periods are like those of a menstruating woman.'