بعض

Root entry · 25 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of a part, portion, or segment of a whole. It extends to related ideas like division, scattering, and the act of biting or stinging, particularly by insects. The root also encompasses geographical names and terms for specific creatures.

Derived headwords

بَعْضnoun

1.
part, portionboth
A segment or fraction of a whole, regardless of its size. It is often used in contrast to 'all'.
2.
somemodern
Used to refer to an unspecified part or amount of something.

أَبْعَاضnoun

1.
partsclassical
The plural form of 'ba'd', referring to multiple parts or segments.

البَعُوضَةnoun

1.
mosquitomodern
A small flying insect known for its biting.
2.
gnat, midgemodern
A small biting insect, often used interchangeably with mosquito.
3.
bugclassical
A general term for a small insect, specifically a blood-sucking one.

بَعُوضnoun

1.
mosquitoesmodern
The plural of 'ba'uḍah', referring to multiple mosquitoes.

بَعَضَverb

1.
to biteclassical
To wound or pierce with the teeth or mouth, especially by insects.
2.
to stingclassical
To inflict a wound with a sting, typically by an insect.
3.
to harm, to annoyclassical
To cause distress or trouble to someone.

بَعَضَverb

1.
to divide, to portionclassical
To break something down into parts or segments.

بَعِضَverb

1.
to be abundant with mosquitoesclassical
To have a large number of mosquitoes present.

بَعْضٌnoun

1.
abundance of mosquitoesclassical
A state of being infested with many mosquitoes.

بَعَضَverb

1.
to eatclassical
To consume food, specifically used in the context of mosquitoes eating.

بَعْضَةadjective

1.
infested with mosquitoesclassical
Describing a place that has many mosquitoes.

مَبْعُوضَةadjective

1.
infested with mosquitoesclassical
Describing a place that has a large number of mosquitoes.

أَبْعَضَverb

1.
to become infested with mosquitoesclassical
To have mosquitoes become numerous in a place.

مُبْعَضadjective

1.
infested with mosquitoesclassical
Describing people or a place that has become numerous with mosquitoes.

مَخّ البَعُوضnoun

1.
something insignificantclassical
A metaphor for something of little value or importance.
2.
severe hardshipclassical
A difficult or extreme situation.

بَعْضُوضَةnoun

1.
a type of beetleclassical
A small insect resembling a beetle that gnaws on containers.

تَبَعَّضَverb

1.
to be divided, to be fragmentedclassical
To break into parts or pieces.

تَبْعِيضnoun

1.
division, fragmentationclassical
The act or process of dividing something into parts.

بَعَّضَverb

1.
to divide, to portion outclassical
To distribute something into parts or shares.

بَعَضَverb

1.
to biteclassical
To inflict a bite, used metaphorically for verbal attacks.

مُتَبَعِّضadjective

1.
divided, fragmentedclassical
Having been broken into parts or pieces.

البَعُوضَةname

1.
Bayn al-Ba'uḍahclassical
A place name, specifically a well belonging to the Banu Asad tribe.

رَمْل البَعُوضَةname

1.
Raml al-Ba'uḍahclassical
A location in the desert.

تَبَعَّضَضَverb

1.
to bite each otherclassical
Used to describe crows biting one another.

بَعَضَverb

1.
to biteclassical
To inflict a bite, specifically by mosquitoes.

مُبَقَّةadjective

1.
infested with mosquitoesclassical
Describing a place that is abundant with mosquitoes, similar to being infested with flies.

Parallel reading

بعض الشر أهون من بعض

One evil is lighter than another.

العلم كثير، ولكن أخذ البعض خير من ترك الكل

Knowledge is vast, but taking some is better than leaving all.

فلا أدري، أهو تسمح أم هو شيء رواه

So I do not know if it is a linguistic allowance or something he narrated.

فإنهما قالا: البعض والكل

For they said: 'the part' and 'the whole'.

وفيه مسامحة، وهو في الحقيقة غير جائز

And in it is leniency, and in reality, it is not permissible.

فتى درستوي إلى خفض ... أخطأ في كل وفي بعض

A youth of Durustawayh, in his lowering... erred in 'all' and in 'some'.

دماغه عفنه نومه ... فصار محتاجا إلى نفض

His mind rotted from his sleep... so he became in need of shaking off.

العلم كثير، ولكن أخذ البعض خير من ترك الكل

Knowledge is abundant, but taking some is better than leaving all.

فأنكره أشد الإنكار وقال: الألف واللام لا يدخلان في بعض وكل لأنهما معرفة بغير ألف ولام

So he strongly denied it and said: 'Alif and Lam do not enter into 'some' and 'all' because they are definite without Alif and Lam.'

وكل أتوه داخرين

And all came to him, humbled.

لا تقول العرب الكل ولا البعض، وقد استعملها الناس حتى سيبويه والأخفش في كتابيهما لقلة علمهما بهذا النحو، فاجتنب ذلك، فإنه ليس من كلام العرب

The Arabs do not say 'al-kull' nor 'al-ba'ḍ', and people have used them, even Sibawayh and Al-Akhfash in their books, due to their limited knowledge of this grammar. So avoid that, for it is not from the speech of the Arabs.

النحويون أجازوا الألف واللام في بعض وكل، وإن أباه الأصمعي

The grammarians permitted Alif and Lam in 'some' and 'all', even though Al-Asma'i rejected it.

يطن بعوض الماء فوق قذالها ... كما اصطخبت بعد النجي خصوم

The mosquitoes of the water buzz over her mane... as if after a secret conversation, adversaries have become clamorous.

أسامر البعوض في دجاها

I converse with the mosquitoes in its darkness.

إنما أخذ لفظه من بعض، لصغر جسمه بالإضافة إلى سائر الحيوانات

Its name was derived from 'ba'ḍ' (part), due to its small body in comparison to other animals.

على مثل أصحاب البعوضة فاخمشي ... لك الويل حر الوجه أو يبك من بكى

Upon the likes of the companions of Al-Ba'uḍah, may your face be scorched with woe, or may he who weeps weep.

ورمل البعوضة: موضع في البادية

And Raml al-Ba'uḍah: a place in the desert.

آذاهم، وفي الأساس: أكلهم البعوض

It harmed them, and in Al-Asas: the mosquitoes ate them.

ولي ليلة بعضة، كفرحة ومبعوضة، وأرض بعضة، أي كثيرته

And a night infested with mosquitoes, like 'farḥah' and 'mab'ūḍah', and a land 'ba'ḍah', meaning abundant with it.

صار في أرضهم البعوض، أو كثر، كما في الأساس

Mosquitoes became numerous in their land, or increased, as in Al-Asas.

كلفني فلان مخ البعوض، أي مالا يكون

So-and-so burdened me with the 'makh al-ba'ūḍ', meaning something insignificant.

أي الأمر الشديد

Meaning a severe matter.

دويبة كالخنفساء، تقرض الوطاب، وهي غير البعضصوصة، بالصاد، التي تقدم ذكرها

A small creature like a beetle, that gnaws on containers, and it is different from 'al-ba'ṣṣūṣah', with a ṣād, which was previously mentioned.

والغربان تتبعضض، أي يتناول بعضها بعضا

And the crows bite each other, meaning some of them attack others.

جزأته، فتبعض، أي تجزأ

I divided it, so it became divided, meaning it was fragmented.

أخذوا ماله فبعضوه، أي فرقوه أجزاء

They took his wealth and divided it, meaning they distributed it into parts.

والتركيب يدل على تجزئة الشيء، وقد شذ عنه البعوض

And the root indicates the division of a thing, and 'al-ba'ūḍ' is an exception to it.

بعضه البعوض يبعضه بعضا: عضه، وآذاه، ولا يقال في غير البعوض

'Ba'aḍahu al-ba'ūḍu ba'ḍan': it bit him, and harmed him, and this is not said except for mosquitoes.

لنعم البيت بين أبي دثار ... إذا ما خاف بعض القوم بعضا

What a good dwelling between Abu Dithar... if some of the people fear some.

قوله بعضا، أي عضا

His saying 'ba'ḍan', meaning biting.

يصبكم بعض الذي يعدكم أي كله

Some of what I promise you will befall you, meaning all of it.

أو يعتلق بعض النفوس حمامها

Or if death overtakes some souls.

فإنهم حملوه على الكل

For they interpreted it as 'all'.

ولأبين لكم بعض الذي تختلفون فيه

And to clarify for you some of what you differ about.

فإذا اختلف الناس في أمر غير الذي يختص بالنبي بيانه، فهو مخير بين أن يبين وبين أن لا يبين، حسب ما يقتضيه اجتهاده وحكمته

So if people differ on a matter that is not specific to the Prophet to explain, he is free to explain or not explain, according to his judgment and wisdom.

وإنما عنى ببعض النفوس نفسه

And he meant by 'some souls' himself.

أجمع أهل النحو على أن البعض شيء من أشياء أو شيء من شيء، إلا هشاما

The grammarians agreed that 'al-ba'ḍ' is a part of things or a part of something, except for Hisham.

فادعى وأخطأ أن البعض هنا جمع، ولم يكن هذا من عمله وإنما أراد لبيد ببعض النفوس نفسه

So he claimed and erred that 'ba'ḍ' here is a plural, and this was not his work; rather, Labīd intended by 'some souls' himself.

فقال: يصبكم هذا العذاب في الدنيا، وهو بعض الوعدين من غير أن نفى عذاب الآخرة

So he said: This punishment will befall you in this world, and it is part of the two promises, without negating the punishment of the Hereafter.

فمن أين جاز أن يقول بعض الذي يعدكم، وحق اللفظ: كل الذي يعدكم

So how could it be permissible to say 'some of what I promise you', when the correct wording is: 'all of what I promise you'?

وإنما ذكر البعض ليوجب له الكل، لأن البعض هو الكل

And 'some' was mentioned to necessitate 'all' for him, because 'some' is 'all'.