وخ ش

Root entry · 13 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with concepts of inferiority, baseness, and poor quality. It extends to describe people of low status, inferior things, and actions associated with meanness or degradation. It also encompasses geographical locations and specific actions like mixing or offering little.

Derived headwords

الوخشname

1.
Place nameclassical
A region in Transoxiana, part of Balkh, located in Khuttalan. It is a large district on the river Jihun, known for its abundance, pleasant climate, and royal residences.

وخشverb

1.
to be base/inferiorclassical
To become base, ignoble, or of poor quality.
2.
to dry up/shrinkclassical
To become dry, withered, and diminished in size.

وخاشةnoun

1.
baseness/inferiorityclassical
The state or quality of being base, ignoble, or of poor quality.

وخوشةnoun

1.
baseness/inferiorityclassical
The state or quality of being base, ignoble, or of poor quality.

وخوشاnoun

1.
baseness/inferiorityclassical
The state or quality of being base, ignoble, or of poor quality.

وخشadjective

1.
base/inferiorboth
Describing something or someone as base, ignoble, mean, or of poor quality.

وخشnoun

1.
base people/scumclassical
The base, ignoble, or low-ranking people; the scum or riff-raff.

وخشةnoun

1.
base person (fem.)classical
A base or ignoble person, used for singular, dual, plural, masculine, and feminine.

أوخاشnoun

1.
base people/scumclassical
Plural of 'wakhsh', referring to the base, ignoble, or low-ranking people.

وخاشnoun

1.
base people (plural)classical
A plural form derived from 'wakhsha', referring to base or ignoble people.

أوخشverb

1.
to offer littleclassical
To offer a small or meager amount of something, like a gift.
2.
to affect/diminishclassical
To affect someone's honor or reputation negatively; to diminish or detract from it.
3.
to mixclassical
To mix things together.
4.
to cast arrows repeatedlyclassical
To cast arrows in a game of chance (like the Arab game of 'maysir') repeatedly, as if resorting to baseness.

توخيشnoun

1.
casting arrowsclassical
The act of casting arrows repeatedly, as in a game of chance.
2.
yielding/obeyingclassical
The act of yielding, submitting, or obeying, possibly by extending a hand.

الوخشنadjective

1.
base/inferiorclassical
Synonymous with 'al-wakhsh', meaning base, ignoble, or of poor quality.

Parallel reading

الوخش، وفي التكملة} وخش: د، بما وراء النهر، من أعمال بلخ من ختلان، وهي كورة واسعة على نهر جيحون، كثيرة الخير، طيبة الهواء، وبها منازل الملوك، نقله ياقوت، يصرف ولا يصرف، قاله الصاغاني.

Al-Wakhsh, and in Al-Takmilah, Wakhsh: a district in Transoxiana, from the regions of Balkh in Khuttalan, which is a vast district on the river Jihun, abundant in goodness, with pleasant air, and containing royal residences, as narrated by Yaqut. It can be declined or undeclined, according to Al-Saghani.

ومننه الحافظ أبو علي الحسن بن علي بن محمد بن جعفر القاضي الوخشي رحال مكثر، سمع أبا عمرو الهاشمي وتمام بن محمد الرازي وطبقتهما.

And among them is Al-Hafiz Abu Ali Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ja'far Al-Qadi Al-Wakhshi, a traveler and prolific scholar, who heard from Abu Amr Al-Hashimi, Tamam bin Muhammad Al-Razi, and their contemporaries.

والوخش: الرديء من كل شيء، وقد {وخش} وخاشة.

And 'al-wakhsh' means the inferior of everything, and one may say 'wakhasha' (it became inferior) with 'wakhashah'.

وقال الليث: الوخش: رذال الناس وسقاطهم وصغارهم، يكون للواحد والاثنين والجمع والمذكر والمؤنث، يقال: رجل {وخش، وامرأة} وخش، وقوم وخش، وقد يثنى أنشد الجوهري للكميت:

And Al-Layth said: 'Al-wakhsh' refers to the base people, the riff-raff, and the lowly among people. It can be used for one, two, plural, masculine, and feminine. It is said: a man is 'wakhsh', a woman is 'wakhsh', and a people are 'wakhsh'. It can also be dualized. Al-Jauhari quoted Al-Kumait:

(تلقى الندى ومخلدا حليفين ... ليسا من الوكس ولا! بوخشين)

(You find generosity and immortality as two allies... They are neither from the base nor from the ignoble!)

قال ابن سيده: وربما جاء مؤنثه بالهاء، وأنشد ابن الأعرابي:

Ibn Sidah said: And sometimes its feminine form comes with 'ha'. Ibn Al-A'rabi quoted:

(وقد لففا خشناء ليست {بوخشة ... توارى سماء البيت مشرفة القتر)

(And they wrapped it in something coarse, not ignoble... hiding the sky of the house, overlooking the dust.)

وقد يقال في الجمع: أوخاش {ووخاش، يقال: جاءني أوخاش من الناس، أي سقاطهم، وأما} وخاش، بالكسر، فإنها جمع وخشة.

And in the plural, it may be said: 'awkhash' and 'wakhsh'. It is said: 'Awkhash from the people came to me', meaning their riff-raff. As for 'wakhsh' (with kasra), it is the plural of 'wakhsha'.

{ووخش الشيء، ككرم،} وخاشة {ووخوشة،} ووخوشا: رذل وصار رديئا، قاله الجوهري.

'Wakhsha al-shay' (the thing became base), like 'karuma', with 'wakhashah', 'wakhushah', and 'wakhusha': it became base and inferior, according to Al-Jauhari.

ويقال {أوخش له بعطية: أقلها.} كوخش بها {توخيشا، نقله الصاغاني.

And it is said: 'Awkhasha lahu bi-'atiyyah': to give him little of a gift. As in 'wakhasha biha tawkhishan', as narrated by Al-Saghani.

وأوخش في عرضه: أثر فيه وتنقصه، عن ابن عباد.

And 'awkhasha fi 'irḍihi': to affect his honor and diminish it, according to Ibn 'Abbad.

وأوخش الشيء: خلطه، عن أبي عبيدة.

And 'awkhasha al-shay': to mix it, according to Abu Ubaidah.

وأوخش القوم: ردوا السهام في الربابة مرة بعد أخرى كأنهم صاروا إلى {الوخاشة والرذالة، قاله الجوهري، وأنشد أبو الجراح، وقال الأزهري: وأنشد أبو عبيد ليزيد ابن الطثرية:

And 'awkhasha al-qawm': the people cast the arrows in the game repeatedly, as if they resorted to baseness and ignobility, according to Al-Jauhari. Abu Al-Jarrāḥ narrated, and Al-Azhari said: Abu Ubaid narrated for Yazid bin Al-Tathriyah:

(وألقيت سهمي وسطهم حين أوخشوا ... فما صار لي في القسم إلا ثمينها)

(And I cast my arrow among them when they cast theirs repeatedly... and in the division, only the valuable part came to me.)

وتوخش، هكذا في النسخ وهو غلط، والصواب: {وخش} توخيشا: ألقى بيده وأطاع، وبه فسر شمر قول النابغة:

And 'tawakhkhasha', as it appears in the manuscripts, is an error. The correct reading is 'wakhasha' with 'tawkhishan': to cast with one's hand and obey. With this, Shamir explained the verse of Al-Nābighah:

(أبو أن يقيموا للرماح {ووخشت ... شغار وأعطوا منية كل ذي ذحل)

(Refusing to stand firm for the spears, and they yielded... defiantly, and gave the fate of every vengeful person.)

ومما يستدرك عليه: وخش، ككرم: يبس وتضاءل.

And among what is added: 'wakhsha', like 'karuma': to become dry and diminished.

{والوخشن، بزيادة النون الثقيلة: الوخش، نقله الجوهري، وأنشد لدهلب بن سالم القريعي:

And 'al-wakhshan', with the addition of the heavy 'nun': 'al-wakhsh', as narrated by Al-Jauhari. He quoted Dahlab bin Salim Al-Quray'i:

(جارية ليست من} الوخشن ... كأن مجرى دمعها المستن)

(A young woman not from the ignoble... as if the path of her tears was like...)