خ ر ش

Root entry · 36 derived lemmas

The root خ ر ش (kh-r-sh) primarily relates to scratching, scraping, and making marks, often with nails or sharp objects. It extends to concepts of earning a living through effort, stirring or provoking, and also describes various physical attributes like skin shedding, eggshells, and even a type of persistent cough or phlegm.

Derived headwords

خَرَشَverb

1.
to scratchboth
To make a light scratch or abrasion on a surface, especially with nails or a sharp object.
2.
to earn, to striveclassical
To strive to earn a living, to gather resources, and to seek sustenance for one's family.
3.
to strike, to prodclassical
To strike a camel and then pull it with a hook (مخراش) to stir it or make it move faster.

خرشه بظفره إذا خدشه — He scratched him with his nail.

خرش لعياله خرشا: كسب لهم، وجمع واحتال، وطلب لهم الرزق — He strove for his family, earning for them, gathering, scheming, and seeking sustenance for them.

خِرَاشٌnoun

1.
scratchingboth
The act of scratching or scraping.
2.
small amountclassical
A small, insignificant amount, like a small portion of something.

لي عنده خراشة — I have a small claim against him.

خِرَاشَةٌnoun

1.
scraps, debrisboth
What falls off an object when it is scratched or scraped, like wood shavings from carpentry.
2.
small amountclassical
A small, insignificant amount.
3.
phlegm, mucusclassical
Thick phlegm or mucus in the chest.

الخراشة: ما سقط من الشيء إذا خرشته بحديدة ونحوها — The kharasha: what falls from something when it is scratched with an iron or similar tool.

ألقى من صدره خراشي — He expelled the phlegm from his chest.

خُرُوشٌnoun

1.
scraps, debrisboth
The debris or fallen material from something.
2.
palm frondsclassical
The fronds of a palm tree, or the dried leaves.

جمع الخرش خروش — The collected debris are khurush.

خروش البيت: سعوفه من جوالق خلق وغيره — The khurush of a house: its fronds from old sacks and other things.

اِخْتَرَشَverb

1.
to scratchboth
To scratch something, especially with a fingernail.
2.
to earn, to striveclassical
To strive to earn a living or gather resources.

اخترشه بظفره إذا خدشه — He scratched him with his nail.

اخترش لعياله: كسب لهم — He strove for his family: he earned for them.

مِخْرَاشٌnoun

1.
hook, crookboth
A hooked stick or staff, like a shepherd's crook or a tool for prodding animals.
2.
sewing awlclassical
A tool used by a leatherworker or tailor for stitching or marking.

خرش البعير بالمخراش — He prodded the camel with the hook.

المخراش: المحجن — The mikhraash: the hooked stick.

مُخَرِّشٌnoun

1.
awl, marking toolclassical
A tool used for marking or engraving, similar to an awl.

مَخْرَشَةٌnoun

1.
awl, marking toolclassical
A tool used for marking or engraving, similar to an awl.

مَخْرُوشٌadjective

1.
branded, markedclassical
A camel that has been branded with a specific mark, known as khiraash.

بعير مخروش: وسم سمة الخراش — A makhroosh camel: branded with the khiraash mark.

أَخْرَشَةٌnoun

1.
brands, marksclassical
Plural of مخروش (makhroosh), referring to the brands or marks on camels.

والجمع أخرشة — And the plural is akhrasha.

خُرْشٌnoun

1.
debris, fallen materialclassical
The fallen material or debris from a house or structure.
2.
restless, sleeplessclassical
A person who is restless or cannot sleep.

الخرش، محركة: سقط متاع البيت — Al-khursh, vocalized: the fallen belongings of the house.

رجل خرش، بالفتح، وخرش، ككتف، وهو الذي لا ينام — A man kharsh (open vowel), and kharsh (like kutuf), who is one who does not sleep.

خَرْشَةٌnoun

1.
flyclassical
A fly.

الخرشة، بهاء: الذبابة — Al-kharsha, with ta' marbuta: the fly.

خَرْشَاءُnoun

1.
snake skin, shedboth
The shed skin of a snake, including the scales.
2.
eggshellboth
The dry outer shell of an egg after it has hatched.
3.
thin membraneboth
A thin membrane, like the inner lining of an egg or a film on liquid.
4.
phlegm, mucusclassical
Viscous phlegm or mucus in the chest.
5.
haze, dustclassical
A haze or dust in the air.

الخرشاء بالكسر: جلد الحية بقشرها — Al-kharshaa' (with kasra): the snake's skin with its scales.

رأيت عليه قميصا كخرشاء الحية رقة وصفاء — I saw him wearing a shirt as thin and clear as a snake's shed skin.

الخرشاء: قشر البيضة العليا اليابسة — Al-kharshaa': the dry outer shell of the egg.

الخرشاء البلغم اللزج في الصدر — Al-kharshaa': the sticky phlegm in the chest.

طلعت الشمس في خرشاء — The sun rose in a haze.

خَرَاشِيٌّnoun

1.
phlegm, mucusclassical
Thick, frothy phlegm or mucus.

ألقى من صدره خراشي — He expelled the frothy phlegm from his chest.

تَخَارَشَverb

1.
to scratch each otherboth
To scratch one another, as animals do.
2.
to fight, to tearboth
To fight and tear at each other, like dogs or cats.

تخارشت الكلاب: تهارشت ومزق بعضها بعضا — The dogs fought: they snarled at each other and tore at each other.

مُخَارَشَةٌnoun

1.
scratchingboth
The act of scratching.
2.
reluctant takingclassical
Taking something reluctantly or forcefully.

خارشه مخارشة — He scratched him, a mutual scratching.

المخارشة: الأخذ على كره — Al-mukharasha: taking something against one's will.

تَخْرِيشٌnoun

1.
scratchingboth
The act of scratching or scraping.
2.
early growthclassical
The initial emergence of the tip of a plant from the ear of grain.

خرش الزرع تخريشا: خرج أول طرفه من السنبل — The crop underwent takhrish: its first tip emerged from the ear of grain.

نَخُورٌadjective

1.
scratchingclassical
A dog or puppy that scratches a lot.

كلب نخورش، كنفوعل — A nakhūr dog, on the pattern of nafūʿal.

أبو خراشname

1.
a companionclassical
A name of several companions (Sahaba), including Khuwailid bin Murra and others.

أبو خراشةname

1.
a companionclassical
A name of a companion (Sahaba), Khifaf bin Umayr, known for his bravery and poetry.

أبا خراشة أما كنت ذا نفر — O Abu Kharasha, were you not a man of means?

خراش بن عبد اللهname

1.
a narratorclassical
A narrator of hadith, considered unreliable (kadhdhab).

عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خراشname

1.
a scholarclassical
A hadith scholar and memorizer who lived before the 300 AH.

أحمد بن الحسن بن خراشname

1.
a scholarclassical
A scholar from Khurasan who settled in Baghdad and was a teacher of Muslim.

مخارشاname

1.
a nameclassical
A name derived from the root, given to people.

مخترشاname

1.
a nameclassical
A name derived from the root, given to people.

خراشاname

1.
a nameclassical
A name derived from the root, given to people.

خرشةname

1.
a nameclassical
A name derived from the root, given to people.

أبو شريحname

1.
a companionclassical
A companion (Sahaba) named Khuwailid bin Sakhr, from the tribe of Khuzai'a.

المخترشname

1.
an ancestorclassical
An ancestor of the tribe of Khuzai'a.

خرشانname

1.
a place nameclassical
A place name.

خراش بن أميةname

1.
a personclassical
A person from Khuzai'a who performed cupping (hijama) on the Prophet.

خراشة بن عمروname

1.
a poetclassical
A pre-Islamic poet.

محمد بن خراشةname

1.
a narratorclassical
A narrator from Damascus.

أبو خراشname

1.
a companionclassical
A name of two companions (Sahaba).

أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الخراشيname

1.
a scholarclassical
A prominent late scholar and commentator on Mukhtasar Khalil.

عبد الله محمد بن عامرname

1.
a scholarclassical
A scholar from Cairo.

Parallel reading

الخرش بالأظفار في الجسد كله.

Scratching with nails all over the body.

وخرش لعياله خرشا: كسب لهم، وجمع واحتال، وطلب لهم الرزق

And he strove for his family, earning for them, gathering, scheming, and seeking sustenance for them.

اخترشه بظفره إذا خدشه.

He scratched him with his nail if he scratched him.

وجمع الخرش خروش، قال رؤبة: قرضي وما جمعت من خروشي.

And the collected debris are khurush, Ru'ba said: my debt and what I have collected of my debris.

وخرش البعير يخرشه خرشا: ضربه، ثم اجتذبه بالمخراش إليه، يريد بذلك تحريكه للإسراع

And he prodded the camel, prodding it, striking it, then pulling it with the hook to stir it for speed.

يقال خرش البعير بالمحجن: ضربه بطرفه في عرض رقبته، أو في جلده حتى يحت عنه وبره.

It is said the camel was prodded with the hooked stick: he struck its side across its neck, or its skin until its wool was rubbed off.

والمخراش: خشبة يخيط بها الخراز.

And the mikhraash: a stick with which the tailor sews.

والمخراش: يخط بها، من الخط، وهو الكتابة أو النقش، زاد في النهاية: أو ينقش بها الجلد، كالمخرش، كمنبر، ويسمى المخط أيضا، وكذلك المخرشة، بهاء.

And the mikhraash: is used to draw with, from drawing, which is writing or engraving, added in Al-Nihaya: or engraving the skin with it, like al-makhraash, like minbar, and it is also called al-makhṭ, and likewise al-makhraasha, with ta' marbuta.

وبعير مخروش: وسم سمة الخراش، ككتاب، وهي سمة مستطيلة كاللدغة الخفية، تكون في جوف البعير.

And a makhroosh camel: branded with the khiraash mark, like kitāb, which is a long mark like a hidden sting, located on the camel's flank.

والخرش، محركة: سقط متاع البيت، ج خروش.

And al-khursh, vocalized: the fallen belongings of the house, plural khurush.

وقال الليث: خروش البيت: سعوفه من جوالق خلق وغيره، الواحد خرش وسعف.

And Al-Layth said: the khurush of a house: its fronds from old sacks and other things, the singular is kharsh and sa'f.

والخرشة، بهاء: الذبابة، قاله ابن دريد، هكذا زعمه قوم ولا أعرف صحتها.

And al-kharsha, with ta' marbuta: the fly, Ibn Duraid said this, so some claim, and I do not know its authenticity.

وأبو دجانة سماك بن خرشة بن لوذان الخزرجي الساعدي: صحابي، وقيل: هو سماك بن أوس بن خرشة.

And Abu Dujanah Simak bin Kharsha bin Lawdhan Al-Khazraji Al-Sa'idi: a companion, and it is said: he is Simak bin Aws bin Kharsha.

والخرشاء بالكسر: جلد الحية بقشرها، وهو سلخها، زاد أبو زيد: وكذلك كل شيء أيضا فيه انتفاخ وتفتق.

And al-kharshaa' (with kasra): the snake's skin with its scales, which is its shedding, Abu Zayd added: and likewise everything that has swelling and bursting.

ويقولون: رأيت عليه قميصا كخرشاء الحية رقة وصفاء.

And they say: I saw him wearing a shirt as thin and clear as a snake's shed skin.

والخرشاء، أيضا: قشر البيضة العليا اليابسة، وإنما يقال له ذلك بعد ما ينقف فيخرج ما فيه من البلل.

And al-kharshaa', also: the dry outer shell of the egg, and it is only called that after it is cracked and what is inside comes out wet.

وفي التهذيب: الخرشاء: جلدة البيضة الداخلة، وجمعه خراشي، وهو الغرقى، ومثله في الأساس.

And in Al-Tahdhib: Al-kharshaa': the inner membrane of the egg, and its plural is kharashi, which is the drowned part, and similarly in Al-Asas.

وخرشاء الثمالة: الجلدة الرقيقة تركب اللبن، فإذا أراد الشارب شربه ثنى مشفره حتى يخلص له اللبن، وفيه يقول مزرد: (إذا مس خرشاء الثمالة أنفه ... ثنى مشفريه للصريح فأقنعا)

And the kharshaa' of the dregs: the thin skin that covers the milk, so when the drinker wants to drink, he folds his lip until the milk is clear for him, and Muzarrid says about it: (When the kharshaa' of the dregs touched his nose... he folded his lips for the pure milk and was satisfied).

ومن المجاز: الخرشاء البلغم اللزج في الصدر، والنخامة.

And from metaphor: Al-kharshaa' is the sticky phlegm in the chest, and the mucus.

ومن المجاز: الخرشاء: الغبرة، يقال: طلعت الشمس في خرشاء، أي في غبرة.

And from metaphor: Al-kharshaa': the haze, it is said: the sun rose in a haze, meaning in dust.

ويقال: ألقى من صدره خراشي، كزرابي، أي بصاقا خاثرا.

And it is said: He expelled kharashi from his chest, like zurabi, meaning thick sputum.

ورجل خرش، بالفتح، وخرش، ككتف، والذي في نص الأموي: رجل حرش وخرش، بالحاء والخاء، وهو الذي لا ينام.

And a man kharsh (open vowel), and kharsh (like kutuf), and in Al-Umavi's text: a man hursh and kharsh, with ha' and kha', who is one who does not sleep.

وكلب نخورش، كنفوعل، وهو من أبنية أغفلها سيبويه، كما قاله أبو الفتح محمد بن عيسى العطار: كثير الخرش، أي الخدش، ويقال: جرو نخورش: قد تحرك وخرش، وقال ابن سيده: وليس في الكلام نفوعل غيره.

And a nakhūr dog, on the pattern of nafūʿal, which is one of the patterns neglected by Sibawayh, as Abu Al-Fath Muhammad bin Isa Al-Attar said: much scratching, meaning scratching, and it is said: a nakhūr puppy: has moved and scratched, and Ibn Sidah said: there is no other word on the pattern of nafūʿal.

وخرش الزرع تخريشا: خرج أول طرفه من السنبل، نقله الصاغاني عن ابن عباد.

And the crop underwent takhrish: its first tip emerged from the ear of grain, narrated by Al-Saghani from Ibn Abbad.

وتخارشت الكلاب: تهارشت ومزق بعضها بعضا، وكذلك السنانير.

And the dogs fought: they snarled at each other and tore at each other, and likewise the cats.

والمخارشة: الأخذ على كره.

And al-mukharasha: taking something against one's will.

وخرشاء العسل: شمعه وما فيه من ميت نحله.

And the kharshaa' of honey: its wax and the dead bees within it.

وألقى فلان خراشي صدره أي ما أضمره من إحن وبث، وهو مجاز، أيضا.

And so-and-so cast out the kharashi of his chest, meaning what he harbored of grudges and complaints, and this is metaphorical, also.

وخرشان، بالفتح: موضع، عن الصاغاني.

And Kharshan, with fatha: a place, according to Al-Saghani.

وخرش، بالفتح، وخرش، ككتف، والذي في نص الأموي: رجل حرش وخرش، بالحاء والخاء، وهو الذي لا ينام.

And kharsh (open vowel), and kharsh (like kutuf), and in Al-Umavi's text: a man hursh and kharsh, with ha' and kha', who is one who does not sleep.