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ن ج س

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of impurity, uncleanness, and filth, both physical and spiritual. It extends to notions of contamination, corruption, and things that are inherently foul or offensive. The root also encompasses related ideas like warding off evil or impurity through amulets.

Derived headwords

النَّجِسُadjective
  1. 1.
    impure, uncleanboth

    Describing something that is physically or spiritually impure, dirty, or foul. This is the opposite of pure or clean.

النَّجَسُadjective
  1. 1.
    impure, unclean (variant)classical

    An alternative pronunciation and spelling for 'impure' or 'unclean', often used in specific grammatical contexts or dialectal variations.

نَجُسَverb
  1. 1.
    to become impureboth

    To become unclean or impure, referring to a state of physical or spiritual contamination.

نَجُسَ ثَوْبُهُ — His garment became impure.
نَجَاسَةnoun
  1. 1.
    impurity, uncleannessboth

    The state or quality of being impure, unclean, or filthy. It can refer to physical dirt or spiritual defilement.

نَجَاسَة — impurity
أَنْجَسَverb
  1. 1.
    to make impureboth

    To cause something or someone to become impure or unclean.

أَنْجَسَهُ غَيْرُهُ — Someone else made him impure.
نَجَّسَverb
  1. 1.
    to make impureboth

    To render something impure or unclean, often through contact or action.

نَجَّسَهُ تَنْجِيسًا — He made it impure through a process of impurity.
تَنَجَّسَverb
  1. 1.
    to become impureboth

    To become impure or unclean, often as a result of an action or external influence.

  2. 2.
    to act in a way that removes impurityclassical

    To perform an action that is intended to cleanse oneself from sin or impurity, akin to 'repent' or 'abstain'.

فَتَنَجَّسَ — And he became impure.
يَتَنَجَّسُ — he acts in a way that removes impurity
أَنْجَاسnoun
  1. 1.
    impurities, foul thingsboth

    Plural of 'najis', referring to multiple instances of impurity, filth, or offensive substances.

إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ — Indeed, the polytheists are impure.
نَجِيسadjective
  1. 1.
    impure, foul (disease)both

    Describing a disease or ailment that is persistent, incurable, or inherently foul.

دَاءٌ نَجِيسٌ — a foul disease
دَاءٌ نَجِيسٌ لَا شِفَاءَ لَهُ — a foul disease for which there is no cure
تَنْجِيسnoun
  1. 1.
    amulet against evilclassical

    A practice or object used as an amulet, often by hanging impure items or symbols, to ward off jinn or evil spirits.

وَالتَّنْجِيسُ: اسْمُ شَيْءٍ كَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَفْعَلُهُ — And 'tanjis': the name of something the Arabs used to do.
مُنَجِّسnoun
  1. 1.
    amulet wearerclassical

    One who wears or is adorned with an amulet, particularly one used for protection against evil or impurity.

  2. 2.
    string on a bowclassical

    A leather strap or string placed on the nock of a bowstring.

وَعَلَّقَ أَنْجَاسًا عَلَى الْمُنَجَّسِ — And he hung impure things on the one with the amulet.
نَجَسnoun
  1. 1.
    impurity, filthboth

    A state of being dirty, impure, or defiled. This term can refer to physical dirt or moral corruption.

نَجَسadjective
  1. 1.
    impure, dirtyclassical

    Describing something or someone as impure, dirty, or defiled. This form is often used in specific dialectal contexts.

نَجَسnoun
  1. 1.
    impurity, filth (variant)classical

    An alternative pronunciation and spelling for 'impurity' or 'filth', often used in specific grammatical contexts.

نَجَسnoun
  1. 1.
    impure peopleclassical

    A collective noun referring to people who are considered impure or defiled.

نَجَّاسnoun
  1. 1.
    amulet-making, charmclassical

    The act of making or using amulets or charms, or the charm itself, as a means of protection.

مُتَنَجِّسnoun
  1. 1.
    amulet wearerclassical

    One who wears an amulet or charm, particularly one intended to ward off evil or impurity.

نَجَسnoun
  1. 1.
    impure, dirty (people)classical

    Describing people as impure, dirty, or morally corrupt.

نَجَسnoun
  1. 1.
    impure, dirty (disease)classical

    Describing a disease as impure, foul, or incurable.

Parallel reading

إنما قيده لجمع اللغات التي يذكرها بعد وهي النجس، بالكسر
He specified it to collect the languages he mentions afterward, which is 'an-najis', with a kasra.
زعم الفراء أنهم إذا بدءوا بالنجس ولم يذكروا الرجس، فتحوا النون والجيم
Al-Farra' claimed that if they start with 'an-najis' and do not mention 'ar-rijs', they open the noon and the jeem.
وإذا بدءوا بالرجس ثم أتبعوا بالنجس، كسروا النون
And if they start with 'ar-rijs' and then follow it with 'an-najis', they close the noon.
فهم إذا قالوه مع الرجس أتبعوه إياه، وقالوا: رجس نجس، كسروا لمكان رجس
So, if they say it with 'ar-rijs', they follow it, and they say: 'rijs najis', closing it because of 'rijs'.
قال ابن سيده: وكذلك يعكسون فيقولون: نجس، رجس، فيقولونها بالكسر، لمكان رجس، الذي بعده
Ibn Sidah said: And likewise, they reverse it and say: 'najis, rijs', and they say it with a kasra, because of 'rijs' that comes after it.
فإذا أفردوه قالوا: بالطم، ففتحوا.
And if they say it alone, they say: 'bi-t-tamm', and they open it.
قال شيخنا: وإعتمد الحريري في درة الغواص أنه لا يجيء إلا إتباعا لرجس
Our Sheikh said: Al-Hariri relied in 'Durrat al-Ghawwas' that it only comes as a follower to 'rijs'.
والحق أنه أكثري، لقراءة ابن حيوة به في إنما المشركون نجس.
And the truth is that it is more common, due to the recitation of Ibn Haywah with it in 'Indeed, the polytheists are impure'.
قيل: النجس بالتحريك يكون للواحد والإثنين والجمع والمؤنث، بلغة واحدة، رجل نجس، ورجلان نجس، وقوم نجس.
It was said: 'An-najis' with harakah (vocalization) is for the singular, dual, plural, and feminine, in one language: a man 'najis', two men 'najis', and a people 'najis'.
إنما المشركون نجس
Indeed, the polytheists are impure.
فإذا كسروا ثنوا وجمعوا وأنثوا فقالوا: أنجاس ونجسة.
And when they use the kasra, they dualize, pluralize, and feminize, saying: 'anjas' and 'najisah'.
وقال الفراء: نجس، لا يجمع ولا يؤنث.
And Al-Farra' said: 'Najis', it is not pluralized or feminized.
وقال أبو الهيثم في قوله تعالى: إنما المشركون نجس، أي أنجاس أخباث.
And Abu Al-Haytham said regarding the Almighty's saying: 'Indeed, the polytheists are impure', meaning 'anjas' (impure) and 'akhbath' (filthy).
النجس، بفتحتين، والنجس، بفتح فكسر، والنجس، بفتح فضم، والنجس، بفتح فسكون، والنجس بكسر فسكون: ضد الطاهر
An-najis, with two fathas, and an-najis, with fatha then kasra, and an-najis, with fatha then damma, and an-najis, with fatha then sukun, and an-najis with kasra then sukun: the opposite of pure.
وقد نجس ثوبه، كسمع وكرم، نجسا ونجاسة.
And his garment became impure, like 'sami'a' and 'karuma', with 'najasan' and 'najasa'.
النجاسة ضربان: ضرب يدرك الحاسة، وضرب يدرك بالبصيرة
Impurity is of two types: a type perceived by the senses, and a type perceived by insight.
وعلى الثاني وصف الله به المشركين في الآية المتقدمة.
And it is with the second type that Allah described the polytheists in the preceding verse.
وأنجسه غيره ونجسه تنجيسا فتنجس
Someone else made him impure, and He made it impure through a process of impurity, so it became impure.
والفقهاء يفرقون بين النجس والمتنجس، كما هو مصرح به في محله.
And the jurists differentiate between the impure ('an-najis') and the rendered impure ('al-mutanajjis'), as is explicitly stated in its place.
في رجل زنى بامرأة تزوجها، فقال: هو أنجسها وهو أحق بها.
Regarding a man who committed adultery with a woman he married, he said: 'He made her more impure, and he is more entitled to her'.
وداء ناجس ونجيس، ككريم، وكذا داء عقام، إذا كان لا يبرأ منه.
And a persistent and foul disease, like 'karim', and likewise an incurable disease, if it is one from which one does not recover.
أعيا المنجسين.
It baffled the ones who make things impure.
وداء قد أعيا بالأطباء ناجس
And a disease that baffled the doctors, a foul one.
والشيب داء نجيس لا شفاء له للمرء كان صحيحا صائب القحم
And gray hair is a foul disease for which there is no cure for a person who was healthy, striking the aged.
وتنجس: فعل فعلا يخرج به عن النجاسة، كما قيل: تأثم وتحرج وتحنث، إذا فعل فعلا يخرج به عن الإثم والحرج والحنث.
And 'tanajjasa': to do an act by which one exits impurity, as it is said: 'ta'aththama', 'taharruja', and 'tahannatha', if one does an act by which one exits sin, constraint, and transgression.
وهو تعليق شيء من القذر أو عظام الموتى أو خرقة الحائض، كان يعلق على من يخاف عليه من ولوع الجن به، كالصبيان وغيرهم، ويقولون: الجن لا تقربها.
And it is hanging something of filth, or bones of the dead, or a menstruating woman's rag, which was hung on one who is feared to be afflicted by jinn, like children and others, and they say: 'The jinn do not approach it'.
والننجيس: شيء كانت العرب تفعله، كالعوذة تدفع بها العين، ومنه قول الشاعر: وعلق أنجاسا على المنجس
And 'an-ninjīs': something the Arabs used to do, like an amulet to ward off the evil eye, and from it is the poet's saying: 'And he hung impure things on the one with the amulet'.
من المعاذات: التميمة والجلبة والمنجسة.
Among the amulets are: the talisman, the amulet, and the 'munajjasa'.
ويقال: المعوذ منجس
And it is said: The one who seeks refuge is 'munajjis'.
يقال: فلان يتنجس إذا فعل فعلا يخرج به من النجاسة
It is said: So-and-so 'yatanajjasu' if he does an act by which he exits impurity.
ولم يهبن حمسة لأحمسا ولا أخا عقد ولا منجسا
And he did not fear 'hamsah' to 'ahmasa', nor a brother of a pact, nor a 'munajjasa'.
إذا جاء القدر لم يغن المنجم ولا المنجس، ولا الفيلسوف ولا المهندس.
When fate arrives, the astrologer and the amulet-wearer are of no avail, nor the philosopher, nor the engineer.
وهو الذي يعلق على الذي يخاف عليه الأنجاس، من عظام الموتى ونحوها، ليطرد الجن: لنفرتها من الأقذار.
And it is what is hung on one who is feared to be afflicted by impurities, from bones of the dead and the like, to drive away the jinn: due to their aversion to filth.
النجس، بالفتح، وككتف: الدنس القذر من الناس.
An-najis, with fatha, and like 'katif': the dirty, filthy one among people.
وداء نجس، ككتف: عقيم، وقد يوصف به صاحب الداء، وكذلك في أخواته التي ذكرها المصنف.
And a disease 'najis', like 'katif': incurable, and the owner of the disease may be described by it, as well as in its counterparts that the author mentioned.
والنجس، بالفتح: إتخاذ عوذة الصبي، وقد نجس له ونجسه: عوذه.
And 'an-najis', with fatha: taking an amulet for a child, and he 'najjasa' for him and 'najjasa-hu': he made an amulet for him.
والنجاس، بالكسر: التعويذ، عن ابن الأعرابي، قال: كأنه الإسم من ذلك.
And 'an-nijās', with kasra: the act of making amulets, from Ibn Al-A'rabi, he said: It is as if it is the noun from that.
قال: والنجس: بضمتين: المعوذون، وفي بعض النسخ: المعقدون، والمعنى واحد: وهم الذين يربطون على الأطفال ما يمنع العين والجن.
He said: And 'an-najis': with two dammah: the ones who are given amulets, and in some versions: the ones who are tied, and the meaning is one: they are those who tie on children what prevents the evil eye and jinn.
ونجسـته الذنوب.
And sins made him impure.
والناس أجناس، وأكثرهم أنجاس.
And people are of different kinds, and most of them are impure.
وتقول: لا ترى أنجس من الكافر، ولا أنحس من الفاجر
And you say: You do not see anyone more impure than the disbeliever, nor more wretched than the sinner.
والمنجس: جليدة توضع على حز الوتر.
And 'al-munajjis': a piece of leather placed on the notch of the bowstring.