ل ي س

Root entry · 10 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with negation, specifically the verb 'laysa' which functions like 'to be not'. It also extends to concepts of courage, steadfastness, and sometimes negative traits like dullness or lack of jealousy, often in classical contexts.

Derived headwords

لَيْسَverb

1.
to not beboth
A past tense verb used for negation, functioning similarly to 'kana' but with negation. It is used for the present state.
2.
exceptclassical
Used for exception, similar to 'illa', with an implied subject and an accusative predicate.

ليس زيد بمنطلق — Zayd is not going forth

جاءني القوم ليس زيدا — The people came to me, except Zayd

لَسْتُverb

1.
I am notboth
The first-person singular conjugation of 'laysa', indicating present negation.

لست — I am not

لَسْتُمَاverb

1.
you two are notboth
The dual second-person conjugation of 'laysa', indicating present negation.

ولستما — and you two are not

لَسْتُمْverb

1.
you all are notboth
The plural second-person conjugation of 'laysa', indicating present negation.

ولستم — and you all are not

لَيِّسnoun

1.
courageclassical
Courage and fortitude.
2.
steadfastnessclassical
Firmness and resilience.
3.
dullnessclassical
A state of being slow or heavy, used in a negative sense.
4.
lack of jealousyclassical
A state of not being jealous, used in a derogatory sense.
5.
lionclassical
A lion, due to its strength.

أليس بين الليس — Is he not among the courageous?

الليّس: الشجاعة والشدة — Al-lays: courage and severity.

أَلْيَسadjective

1.
courageousclassical
Possessing courage and strength.
2.
dullclassical
Characterized by slowness or lack of spirit, often in a negative context.
3.
one who does not leave homeclassical
Someone who stays at home, often used as a form of criticism.
4.
donkeyclassical
A donkey, implying slowness or stubbornness.
5.
cuckoldclassical
A man who is not jealous of his wife, used as an insult.
6.
well-manneredclassical
Having good character and disposition.
7.
camelclassical
A camel that carries a heavy load.

هو أليس دهثم — He is well-mannered.

الأليس: الديوثي الذي لا يغار — Al-ays: the cuckold who is not jealous.

تَلَايَسَverb

1.
to become well-manneredclassical
To adopt good manners and character.
2.
to overlookclassical
To ignore or disregard something.

تلايس الرجل، إذا حسن خلقه وكان حمولا — A man 'talaysa' if he has good character and is patient.

تلايس عنه — He overlooked it.

مُلَايَسnoun

1.
slow and heavy personclassical
A person who is slow, heavy, and does not move easily.

الملايس: البطيء الثقيل — Al-malays: the slow and heavy.

لِيَاسnoun

1.
man who does not leave homeclassical
A man who stays at home, implying he is inactive or unmanly.

اللياس: الزبون لا يبرح منزله — Al-lyas: the man who does not leave his home.

لَاسَverb

1.
to be steadfastclassical
To remain firmly in place, not leaving.

تليس — it remains steadfast

Parallel reading

ليس: كلمة نفي، وهي فعل ماض، أصله وفي بعض الأصول: أصلها

Laysa: a word of negation, and it is a past tense verb, its origin and in some origins: its origin.

والذي يدل على أنها فعل وإن لم تتصرف تصرف الأفعال قولهم: {لست} ولستما {ولستم

And what indicates that it is a verb, even if it does not conjugate like other verbs, is their saying: 'lastu', 'lastuma', and 'lastum'.

وجعلت من عوامل الأفعال، نحو كان وأخواتها التي ترفع الأسماء وتنصب الأخبار

And it is made one of the agents of verbs, like 'kana' and its sisters, which raise nouns and نصب predicates.

إلا أن الباء تدخل في خبرها وحدها دون أخواتها، تقول: ليس زيد بمنطلق

Except that the preposition 'bi' enters its predicate alone, unlike its sisters. You say: 'Laysa Zaydun bimunṭaliqin' (Zayd is not going forth).

وقد يستثنى بها، تقول جاءني القوم ليس زيدا، كما تقول: إلا زيدا

And it may be used for exception. You say: 'Jā'anī al-qawmu laysa Zaydan' (The people came to me, except Zayd), just as you say: 'illa Zaydan'.

قال: وقد يستثنى بها، تقول جاءني القوم ليس زيدا، كما تقول: إلا زيدا، تضمر اسمها فيها وتنصب خبرها بها كأنك قلت: ليس الجائي زيدا

He said: And it may be used for exception. You say: 'Jā'anī al-qawmu laysa Zaydan' (The people came to me, except Zayd), just as you say: 'illa Zaydan', implying its subject and making its predicate accusative, as if you said: 'Laysa al-jā'ī Zaydan' (The one who came is not Zayd).

أو أصله: لا أيس، طرحت الهمزة وألزقت اللام بالياء

Or its origin is 'lā yasa', the hamza is dropped and the lam is attached to the ya'.

والدليل على ذلك قولهم، أي العرب: إئتني به من حيث أيس وليس، أي من حيث هو ولا هو

And the evidence for that is their saying, meaning the Arabs: 'I'tinī bihi min ḥaythu ayasa wa laysa' (Bring him to me from where he is and is not), meaning from where he exists and does not exist.

أو معناه: من حيث لا وجد، أو أيس، أي موجود، ولا أيس، أي لا موجود، فخففوا

Or its meaning is: from where he was not found, or 'ayasa' (he existed), meaning present, and 'lā yasa', meaning not present, so they lightened it.

والليّس، محركة: الشجاعة والشدة

And 'al-lays', with vowel movement: courage and severity.

ويقال للشجاع: هو أهيس أليس

And the brave man is called: 'ahaysa al-laysa'.

والأليس: البعير يحمل كل ما حمل عليه

And 'al-ays': the camel that carries whatever is loaded upon it.

والأليس: من لا يبرح منزله، قاله الأصمعي، وهو ذم

And 'al-ays': one who does not leave his home, said Al-Asma'i, and it is a dispraise.

والأليس: الأسد، لشدته

And 'al-ays': the lion, due to its strength.

والأليس: الديوث

And 'al-ays': the cuckold.

والأليس: الحسن الخلق

And 'al-ays': the well-mannered.

وتلايس عنه: أغمض

And 'talaysa' from it: he overlooked.

والملايس: البطيء الثقيل، عن أبي عمرو، لا يبرح

And 'al-malays': the slow and heavy, from Abu Amr, who does not move.

واللياس، ككتاب: الزبون لا يبرح منزله

And 'al-lyas', like 'kitab': the man who does not leave his home.

والليس، محركة: الشدة والصلابة

And 'al-lays', with vowel movement: severity and hardness.

والأليس: من لا يبالي الحرب ولا يروعه

And 'al-ays': one who does not care about war and is not frightened by it.

والليس واللوس: الأشداء

And 'al-lays' and 'al-lūs': the strong ones.

وإبل ليس على الحوض، إذا أقامت عليه فلم تبرحه

And camels 'laysa' at the water trough, if they remain there and do not leave it.

ليس: لا تفارق منتهى أهوائها، وأراد: لعطن عبدة، أي أنها تنزع إليه إذا حام راعيها

'Laysa': they do not leave the end of their desires, and he meant: the watering place of Abda, meaning they are drawn to it when their shepherd circles.

والليس، محركة: الغفلة

And 'al-lays', with vowel movement: heedlessness.