ف ر س

Root entry · 26 derived lemmas

The root relates to horses, their riders, and the act of breaking or crushing. It extends to concepts of bravery, leadership, and specific ailments or physical attributes. The root also encompasses geographical locations and names.

Derived headwords

الفَرَسnoun

1.
horseboth
The singular of 'khayl' (horses), named for its hooves striking the ground.
2.
riderclassical
A rider, by attribution to the horse they ride, similar to 'laban' (milkman) and 'tamr' (date seller).

فَرَسَverb

1.
to break the neckboth
To break the neck of an animal, especially prey.
2.
to killclassical
To kill, fundamentally by breaking the neck.

فرس الذئب الشاة فرسا: أخذها فدق عنقها — The wolf seized the sheep and broke its neck.

كل قتل فرس — Every killing is a 'fars'.

فَرَسَةnoun

1.
horse (female)both
A female horse, though the term 'faras' is often used for both genders.
2.
neck ailmentclassical
An ailment affecting the neck, causing it to break or become stiff.
3.
humpclassical
A hump on the back, or a condition causing it.

فَارِسnoun

1.
horsemanboth
A rider of a horse, or any animal with hooves.
2.
Persianboth
A person from Persia, or referring to the land of Persia.
3.
skilled personboth
A skilled or expert person in any field, by extension from horsemanship.

مر بنا فارس على بغل — A horseman passed by us on a mule.

وخدمتهم فارس والروم — And the Persians and Romans served them.

فُرْسَانnoun

1.
plural of horsemanclassical
Plural of 'fāris' (horseman), a non-standard formation for masculine nouns.
2.
islandclassical
An inhabited island in the sea of Yemen, known for pearl diving.
3.
tribe nameclassical
A name for a tribe or a group of Arabs, not based on direct lineage.

فُرُوسnoun

1.
plural of horseclassical
A plural of 'faras' (horse).

فَوَارِسnoun

1.
plural of horsemanclassical
A plural of 'fāris' (horseman), a rare and irregular formation for masculine nouns.
2.
sand dunesclassical
Sand dunes located in the Al-Dahna desert.

فَرِيسnoun

1.
killed personclassical
A dead person, a casualty.
2.
wooden ringclassical
A wooden ring attached to the end of a rope, used in drawing water.

يصبحون فرسى، أي قتلى — They will wake up as 'firas', meaning dead.

فَرِيسَةnoun

1.
preyboth
An animal caught for prey, especially by a predator.
2.
female foalclassical
A young female horse.

فِرَاسَةnoun

1.
insightboth
The ability to discern or understand inner qualities or hidden matters, often through intuition or divine inspiration.
2.
skill in horsemanshipboth
Expertise in riding, managing, and controlling horses.

اتقوا فراسة المؤمن، فإنه ينظر بنور الله — Beware the insight of the believer, for he sees with the light of God.

فُرُوسَةnoun

1.
horsemanshipboth
Skill and expertise in riding and managing horses.

فُرُوسِيَّةnoun

1.
horsemanshipboth
Skill and expertise in riding and managing horses.

الفَرَسَانname

1.
Rabia al-Farasclassical
A title given to Rabia ibn Nizar, brother of Mudar and Anmar.

الفِرْسِنnoun

1.
camel's hoofclassical
The part of a camel's foot analogous to a horse's hoof.

الفِرْنَاسnoun

1.
lionclassical
A lion, possibly named for its strong neck or as a chief among beasts.
2.
chiefclassical
A leader or chief of farmers and villages.
3.
brave manclassical
A strong and brave man, likened to a lion.

أَفْرَسَverb

1.
to take remaining wealthclassical
To take the remaining part of someone's wealth, leaving a portion.
2.
to expose to dangerclassical
To leave something or someone exposed to danger, like a shepherd leaving a sheep for a wolf.

أفرس الراعي: غفل فأخذ الذئب شاة من غنمه — The shepherd was negligent and the wolf took a sheep from his flock.

تَفْرِيسverb

1.
to expose to predationclassical
To expose something to be preyed upon, as in a wound being large enough for a predator.

فَرَسٌname

1.
place nameclassical
A place name belonging to the tribe of Hudhayl.

الفِرْسnoun

1.
plantclassical
A type of plant, possibly 'al-shirs' or 'al-qadqad'.

الفِرَاسnoun

1.
black datesclassical
A type of black date, not the 'shahri' variety.

فَرَسَverb

1.
to eat continuouslyclassical
To eat continuously, referring to the 'firas' dates.
2.
to grazeclassical
To graze on the aforementioned plant.

فَرَّسَverb

1.
to become a horsemanclassical
To become skilled in horsemanship.

فَرَسَانname

1.
Faris bin Thaalabaclassical
A companion of the Prophet (Tabi'i), corrected from Fares bin Sa'sa'a.

أبو فراسname

1.
Al-Farazdaqclassical
The kunya (patronymic) of the famous poet Al-Farazdaq bin Ghalib.
2.
lionclassical
A kunya for a lion.
3.
Rabia al-Aslamiclassical
The kunya of Rabia bin Ka'b al-Aslami, a companion of the Prophet.

فَرَّاسname

1.
Firas bin Yahyaclassical
A scholar and teacher from Kufa, who narrated from Al-Sha'bi.

فَرَسِيَّةadjective

1.
Persianboth
Relating to Persia or the Persians.

Parallel reading

واحد الخيل، سمي به لدقه الأرض بحوافره

The singular of horses, named for its hooves striking the ground.

وأصل الفرس: الدق

And the origin of 'faras' is striking/crushing.

وتقول: ثلاثة أفراس، إذا أردت المذكر؛ ألزموه التأنيث

And you say: three 'afraas', if you mean the masculine; they have assigned femininity to it.

وتصغيرها: فريس، نادر

And its diminutive is 'fureis', which is rare.

وإن أردت تصغير الفرس الأنثى خاصة، لم تقل إلا فريسة، بالهاء

And if you want to make the diminutive of a female horse specifically, you only say 'furaisa', with the 'ha'.

ورَاكِبٌ فَارِسٌ، أي صاحب فرس، على إرادة النسب

And a rider is a 'fāris', meaning the owner of a horse, by way of attribution.

إذا كان الرجل على حافر، برذونا كان أو فرسا أو بغلا أو حمارا، قلت: مر بنا فارس على بغل

If a man is on a hoofed animal, whether a mule, a horse, a donkey, or an ass, you say: a horseman passed by us on a mule.

وهو أحد ما شذ في هذا النوع، فجاء في المذكر على فواعل

And it is one of the exceptions in this category, appearing for the masculine in the form 'fawā'il'.

فأما مذكر ما يعقل فلم يجمع عليه إلا فوارس وهوالك ونواكس

As for rational masculine nouns, they are only pluralized as 'fawāris', 'hawālik', and 'nawākis'.

ولم نسمع امرأة فارسة

And we have not heard of a female horseman ('fārisa').

هما كفرسي رهان، أيهما سبق أخذ به

They are like two racing horses, whichever wins is taken.

والفوارس: حبال رمل بالدهناء

And 'al-fawāris': sand dunes in Al-Dahna.

ويقال: مر فارس على بغل، وكذا على كل ذي حافر

And it is said: a horseman passed on a mule, and likewise on any hoofed animal.

لا أقول لصاحب البغل: فارس، ولكن أقول: بغال

I do not say to the owner of a mule: 'fāris', but rather I say: 'baghāl'.

والفارس والفروس، كصبور، والفراس، ككتان: الأسد

And 'al-fāris', 'al-furūs' (like sabūr), and 'al-firās' (like kittān): the lion.

وفرس فريسته يفرسها، من حد ضرب: دق عنقها

And he broke the neck of his prey, 'yafirsūhā', from the root 'daraba': he crushed its neck.

والفريس، كأمير: القتيل

And 'al-farīs', like 'amīr': the killed person.

ومنهم حديث يأجوج ومأجوج فيصبحون فرسى، أي قتلى

And among them is the hadith of Gog and Magog, where they wake up as 'firas', meaning dead.

وهو الحلقة من العود في رأسه

And it is the ring of wood at its head.

وفريس بن ثعلبة: تابعي، هكذا في سائر النسخ، ومثله في العباب، وهو غلط صوابه: فريس بن صعصعة

And Fares bin Thaalaba: a Tabi'i, thus in all copies, and similarly in Al-'Ubāb, and it is an error, the correct version is: Fares bin Sa'sa'a.

وأبو فراس: كنية الفرزدق بن غالب بن صعصعة بن ناجية بن عقال بن محمد بن سفيان ابن مجاشع بن دارم، الشاعر المشهور

And Abu Firas: the kunya of Al-Farazdaq bin Ghalib bin Sa'sa'a bin Najiyah bin 'Aqqal bin Muhammad bin Sufyan bin Mujashi' bin Darim, the famous poet.

وأبو فراس: كنية الأسد

And Abu Firas: a kunya for the lion.

والفرسة: ريح تأخذ في العنق فتفرسها

And 'al-farsah': a wind that affects the neck and breaks it.

والفرسة: قرحة تكون في العنق

And 'al-farsah': an ulcer that occurs in the neck.

والفرس، بالكسر: نبت

And 'al-firs', with kasra: a plant.

وعن ابن الأعرابي: الفراس، كسحاب: تمر أسود

And from Ibn Al-A'rabi: 'al-firās', like 'sahāb': black dates.

وفرس، كسمع: دام على أكله، أي الفراس

And 'farisa', like 'sami'a': he continued eating it, meaning the 'firas' dates.

والفراسة، بالكسر: اسم من التفرس، وهو التوسم

And 'al-firāsah', with kasra: a noun from 'tafarrus', which is to discern.

اتقوا فراسة المؤمن، فإنه ينظر بنور الله

Beware the insight of the believer, for he sees with the light of God.

والفراسة، بالفتح: الحذق بركوب الخيل وأمرها وركضها والثبات عليها

And 'al-firāsah', with fatha: skill in riding horses, managing them, racing them, and staying on them.

علموا أولادكم العوم والفراسة كالفروسة والفروسية

Teach your children swimming and horsemanship like 'furūsah' and 'furūsiyyah'.

وفرس الخيل فروسة وفروسية: أحكم ركوبها

And 'farasa' the horses 'furūsah' and 'furūsiyyah': he mastered riding them.

والفرسن، بالنون، كزبرج، للبعير: كالحافر للفرس

And 'al-firsan', with noon, like 'zubruj', for a camel: is like the hoof for a horse.

والفرناس: رئيس الدهاقين والقرى

And 'al-farnās': the chief of farmers and villages.

والفرناس أيضا: الأسد الضاري

And 'al-farnās' also: the ferocious lion.

وأفرس الرجل عن بقية مال: أخذه وترك منه بقية

And 'afarsa' the man from the remaining wealth: he took it and left a remainder.

أفرس الراعي: غفل فأخذ الذئب شاة من غنمه

The shepherd 'afarsa': he was negligent and the wolf took a sheep from his flock.

إذا صاب اليآفيخ احتفر في الهام دحلانا يفرسن النعر

When it struck the temples, it dug burrows in the skull that would expose the wild asses.

وكنت شاكيا بفارس، فكنت أصلي قاعدا

And I was ill in Persia, so I prayed sitting down.