ع ف س

Root entry · 15 derived lemmas

The root ع ف س (ʿ-f-s) primarily relates to concepts of confinement, holding back, and forceful restraint. It extends to meanings of degradation, rough handling, and intense physical exertion or struggle, including wrestling and striking.

Derived headwords

العَفْسnoun

1.
confinementclassical
The act of holding back or confining an animal, such as livestock, preventing them from grazing or feeding.
2.
degradationclassical
The act of debasing or degrading something, treating it with contempt or disrespect, like wearing out a garment.
3.
driving hardclassical
The act of driving camels or livestock with great force and speed.
4.
tanningclassical
Rubbing leather with one's hand during the tanning process.
5.
strikingclassical
Hitting someone on the buttocks with the leg.
6.
pulling downclassical
Pulling someone forcefully to the ground with intense pressure.

عَفَسَverb

1.
to confineclassical
To confine an animal, such as a horse or livestock, preventing it from grazing or feeding.
2.
to degradeclassical
To debase or degrade something, to wear it out through use.
3.
to drive hardclassical
To drive camels or livestock forcefully.
4.
to strikeclassical
To strike a woman on her buttocks with the leg.
5.
to pull downclassical
To pull someone down to the ground with great force and pressure.
6.
to be confinedclassical
To be confined or held back.

عفس الدابة والماشية عفسا: حبسها على غير مرعى ولا علف — He confined the horse and livestock, holding them back from pasture and fodder.

عفست ثوبي، أي ابتذلته — I degraded my garment, meaning I wore it out.

عفسها الراعي عفسا: ساقها سوقا شديدا — The shepherd drove her forcefully.

وقد عفس الرجل المرأة برجله، يعفسها: ضربها على عجيزتها — And the man struck the woman on her buttocks with his leg, he strikes her.

وقد عفسه عفسا: جذبه إلى الأرض، وضغطه فضرب به — And he pulled him down to the ground, pressing him until he struck it.

وقد عفس كعني — And he was confined.

المَعْفُوسadjective

1.
confinedclassical
Being confined or held back, especially an animal prevented from grazing.

المِعْفَسnoun

1.
jointclassical
A joint in the body, though its application here is questioned.

العَيْفَسadjective

1.
shortclassical
Short in stature, a term whose pronunciation and form are debated.

انْعَفَسَverb

1.
to fall intoclassical
To fall or be immersed in something, such as dirt or water.

انعفس في التراب: انعفر — He fell into the dirt, meaning he became covered in it.

انعفس في الماء: انغمس — He immersed himself in the water.

تَعَافَسُواverb

1.
to wrestleclassical
To engage in wrestling or a similar physical struggle.
2.
to treat each otherclassical
To treat or handle matters, implying a process of dealing with them.

تعافسوا: تعالجوا في الصراع — They wrestled with each other, meaning they struggled in combat.

تعافسوا: تعالجوا في الصراع ونحوه، وقد عفسه، إذا صرعه — They wrestled with each other, meaning they treated each other in a struggle and the like, and he threw him down, if he felled him.

المُعَافَسَةnoun

1.
treatmentclassical
The act of treating or handling matters, involving practice and engagement.

بات فلان يعافس الأمور — So-and-so spent the night dealing with matters.

العَفَاسnoun

1.
corruptionclassical
Corruption, ruin, or depravity.
2.
she-camel's nameclassical
The name of a specific she-camel belonging to the poet Al-Ra'i Al-Numairi.
3.
playfulnessclassical
Playfulness or lighthearted interaction, especially with family.
4.
treatmentclassical
Treatment or practice, similar to المعافسة.
5.
birdclassical
A type of bird that immerses itself in water.

يهجو الراعي النميري: (فأولع بالعفاس بني نمير ... كما أولعت بالدبر الغرابا) يدعو عليهم، أراد: بالفساد — He satirizes Al-Ra'i Al-Numairi: (And he became obsessed with corruption for the sons of Numayr... as the crows became obsessed with dung) calling for their ruin, meaning: with corruption.

كما رواه عمارة هكذا أيضا، وقيل: بل أراد ناقته المسماة بالعفاس، بدليل البيت الذي قبل هذا: (تحن له العفاس إذا أفاقت ... وتعرفه الفصال إذا أهابا) — As narrated by Ammarah, also thus, and it was said: rather, he meant his she-camel named Al-Afas, as evidenced by the verse before this: (Al-Afas yearns for him when she recovers... and the young camels recognize him when he approaches).

العفاس: اسم ناقة للراعي النميري، وكذلك بروع — Al-Afas: the name of a she-camel belonging to Al-Ra'i Al-Numairi, as is also Buroo'.

اعْتَفَسَverb

1.
to struggleclassical
To become agitated or to struggle, particularly in a wrestling context.

اعتفس القوم: اضطربوا، هكذا في سائر النسخ، وصوابه: اصطرعوا — The people struggled, meaning they became agitated, as in all manuscripts, and the correct reading is: they wrestled.

المُعَفِّسadjective

1.
enduringclassical
A garment that is durable and can withstand rough handling or scrubbing.

وثوب معفس، كمعظم: صبور على الدعك — And a garment that is enduring, like 'mu'azzam', meaning patient under scrubbing.

العَفْسnoun

1.
returnclassical
The act of turning back, repeated effort, exhaustion, degradation, use, or firm grip in a struggle.
2.
herdingclassical
A shepherd repeatedly herding his flock, turning them back and not letting them go their own way.
3.
pressing downclassical
To press someone down into the dirt and tread upon them.

وأن يردد الراعي غنمه يثنيها ولا يدعها تمضي على جهاتها — And for the shepherd to repeatedly herd his sheep, turning them back and not letting them go their own way.

وعفسه: ألزقه بالتراب ووطئه — And he pressed him down into the dirt and trod upon him.

العَفَاسnoun

1.
playfulnessclassical
Playfulness or lighthearted interaction with family.

انْعَفَسَverb

1.
to immerseclassical
To immerse oneself in water.

العَفَاسnoun

1.
birdclassical
A bird that immerses itself in water.

Parallel reading

العفس، كالضرب: الحبس

Al-'afs, like al-darb: confinement.

عفس الدابة والماشية عفسا: حبسها على غير مرعى ولا علف

He confined the horse and livestock with 'afsan: he held them back from pasture and fodder.

والمعفوس: المحبوس، وقد عفس كعني

And al-mafūs: the confined one, and he was confined as in 'unī.

والعفس: الابتذال للشيء والامتهان

And al-'afs: the debasing of a thing and its degradation.

يقال: عفست ثوبي، أي ابتذلته

It is said: I degraded my garment, meaning I wore it out.

والعفس: شدة سوق الإبل، وقد عفسها الراعي عفسا: ساقها سوقا شديدا

And al-'afs: the forceful driving of camels, and the shepherd drove her forcefully with 'afsan: he drove her with great force.

قال:، يعفسها السواق كل معفس

He said: the drivers drive her forcefully with every forceful driver.

والعفس: دلك الأديم بيده في الدباغ

And al-'afs: rubbing the leather with one's hand in tanning.

والعفس: الضرب على العجز بالرجل

And al-'afs: hitting the buttocks with the leg.

وقد عفس الرجل المرأة برجله، يعفسها: ضربها على عجيزتها، يعافسها وتعافسه

And the man struck the woman on her buttocks with his leg, he strikes her: he hit her on her backside, he wrestles with her and she wrestles with him.

والعفس: الجذب إلى الأرض في ضغط شديد، عن ابن الأعرابي

And al-'afs: pulling to the ground with intense pressure, from Ibn al-A'rabi.

وقد عفسه عفسا: جذبه إلى الأرض، وضغطه فضرب به

And he pulled him down with 'afsan: he pulled him to the ground, pressed him, and struck him with it.

والمعفس، كمجلس: المفصل من المفاصل، قال الصاغاني: وفي هذه الكلمة نظر

And al-mi'fas, like majlis: a joint from the joints, Al-Sagani said: there is doubt about this word.

وهو القصير، نقله الصاغاني

And he is short, as narrated by Al-Sagani.

وانعفس في التراب: انعفر، نقله الصاغاني أيضا

And he fell into the dirt: he became covered in it, as narrated by Al-Sagani also.

وتعافسوا: تعالجوا في الصراع

And they wrestled: they treated each other in a struggle.

ونحوه، وقد عفسه، إذا صرعه

And the like, and he felled him, if he threw him down.

والمعافسة: المعالجة بالأمور والممارسة بها

And al-mu'afasah: dealing with matters and practicing them.

يقال: بات فلان يعافس الأمور

It is said: So-and-so spent the night dealing with matters.

والعفاس، ككتاب: الفساد، هكذا في سائر النسخ الموجودة وبه فسر قول جرير

And al-'afas, like kitāb: corruption, as is in all existing manuscripts, and with it the saying of Jarir is explained.

يهجو الراعي النميري: (فأولع بالعفاس بني نمير ... كما أولعت بالدبر الغرابا)

He satirizes Al-Ra'i Al-Numairi: (And he became obsessed with corruption for the sons of Numayr... as the crows became obsessed with dung).

يدعو عليهم، أراد: بالفساد، كما رواه عمارة هكذا أيضا

Calling for their ruin, he meant: with corruption, as narrated by Ammarah, also thus.

وقيل: بل أراد ناقته المسماة بالعفاس، بدليل البيت الذي قبل هذا: (تحن له العفاس إذا أفاقت ... وتعرفه الفصال إذا أهابا)

And it was said: rather, he meant his she-camel named Al-Afas, as evidenced by the verse before this: (Al-Afas yearns for him when she recovers... and the young camels recognize him when he approaches).

والعفاس: اسم ناقة للراعي النميري، وكذلك بروع

And Al-Afas: the name of a she-camel belonging to Al-Ra'i Al-Numairi, as is also Buroo'.

إذا بركت منها عجاساء جلة بمحنية أشلى العفاس وبروعا

When a large, heavy she-camel among them kneels at a bend, Al-Afas and Buroo' are beckoned.

واعتفس القوم: اضطربوا، هكذا في سائر النسخ، وصوابه: اصطرعوا، وهو نص بان فارس في المجمل

And the people struggled, meaning they became agitated, as in all manuscripts, and the correct reading is: they wrestled, and this is the explicit statement of Ibn Faris in Al-Mujmal.

العفس: الرد والكد والإتعاب والإذالة والاستعمال والضباطة في الصراع، والدوس

Al-'afs: the return, toil, exhaustion, degradation, use, firm grip in a struggle, and treading.

وأن يردد الراعي غنمه يثنيها ولا يدعها تمضي على جهاتها

And for the shepherd to repeatedly herd his sheep, turning them back and not letting them go their own way.

وعفسه: ألزقه بالتراب ووطئه

And he pressed him down: he stuck him to the dirt and trod upon him.

وثوب معفس، كمعظم: صبور على الدعك

And a garment that is enduring, like 'mu'azzam', meaning patient under scrubbing.

والعفاس: المداعبة مع الأهل، وقد تقدمت الإشارة إيه في ع ف ز

And al-'afas: playfulness with family, and it was previously alluded to in 'ayn-fa-zay.

والعفاس: العلاج والممارسة

And al-'afas: treatment and practice.

وانعفس في الماء: انغمس

And he immersed himself in the water: he plunged in.

والعفاس، ككتاب: طائر ينعفس، في الماء

And al-'afas, like kitāb: a bird that immerses itself in water.