ضير

Root entry · 10 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concepts of deficiency, injustice, and deviation from what is right or fair. It extends to actions of diminishing, withholding, and acting unjustly, particularly in judgment or division.

Derived headwords

ضَازَverb

1.
to diminish, reduceboth
To decrease something, to make it less than it should be, or to withhold it.
2.
to be unjust, unfairclassical
To act unjustly or unfairly, deviating from the right course.

إذا ضاز عنا حقنا في غنيمة ... تقنع جارانا فلم يترمرما — If our right in spoils was diminished from us... our neighbors were satisfied and did not complain.

ضَيَازٌnoun

1.
diminishment, reductionboth
The act or state of being diminished, reduced, or withheld.
2.
injustice, unfairnessclassical
An act of injustice or unfairness, a deviation from what is right.

ضَازَ في الحكمverb

1.
to be unjust in judgmentboth
To act unfairly or unjustly when making a decision or judgment.

وضاز في الحكم يضيز ضيزا: جار — And he was unjust in judgment, he is unjust, injustice: he acted unjustly.

ضَأَزَverb

1.
to be unjust, unfairclassical
An alternative pronunciation or form of 'ضاز', meaning to act unjustly or unfairly. It is sometimes vocalized with hamza.

وقد يهمز فيقال ضأزه يضأزه ضأزا — And it may be vocalized with a hamza, so one says 'ضأزه يضأزه ضأزا'.

ضَأْزٌnoun

1.
injustice, unfairnessclassical
The masdar (verbal noun) for the verb 'ضأز', signifying injustice or unfairness.

ضِيزَىadjective

1.
unjust, unfairboth
An adjective describing something that is unjust, unfair, or deviates from the right path. It is often used in the context of division or judgment.

تلك إذا قسمة ضيزى — That then is a division [made by] injustice.

ضِيزَىnoun

1.
injusticeclassical
The concept or act of injustice itself, derived from the adjective.

ضِيزَىother

1.
feminine adjective patternclassical
Discussed as a pattern for feminine adjectives, similar to 'بيضاء' and 'حمراء', with specific grammatical considerations regarding its initial vowel.

ضِيزَنnoun

1.
crookedness, deviationclassical
Refers to crookedness or deviation, with its final 'ن' considered by some grammarians to be an addition.

الضِّيزnoun

1.
crookedness, deviationclassical
The state of being crooked, deviating from the straight or correct path.

الضيز، بالفتح: الاعوجاج — Al-ḍīz, with fatḥa: crookedness.

Parallel reading

ضيزا، أي نقصه وبخسه ومنعه

Diminishing it, meaning reducing it, withholding it, and preventing it.

إذا ضاز عنا حقنا في غنيمة ... تقنع جارانا فلم يترمرما

If our right in spoils was diminished from us... our neighbors were satisfied and did not complain.

وضاز في الحكم يضيز ضيزا: جار

And he was unjust in judgment, he is unjust, injustice: he acted unjustly.

وقد يهمز فيقال ضأزه يضأزه ضأزا

And it may be vocalized with a hamza, so one says 'ضأزه يضأزه ضأزا'.

وقد ذكر قريبا.

And it was mentioned nearby.

تلك إذا قسمة ضيزى

That then is a division [made by] injustice.

أي جائرة

Meaning unjust.

والقراء جميعهم على ترك همز ضيزى

And all the reciters refrain from vocalizing 'ضيزى' with a hamza.

ويقولون: ضئزى وضؤزى، بالهمز، ولم يقرأ بهما أحد

And they say: 'ضئزى' and 'ضؤزى', with a hamza, but no one recited them.

وحكي عن أبي زيد أنه سمع العرب تهمز ضيزى نقله الجوهري عن أبي حاتم.

And it is narrated from Abu Zayd that he heard the Arabs vocalize 'ضيزى' with a hamza, as transmitted by Al-Jawhari from Abu Hatim.

وهي مثل بيض وعين

And it is like 'bayḍ' (eggs) and 'ʿayn' (eye).

وكان أولها مضموما، فكرهوا أن يترك على ضمته فيقال بوض وعون

And its beginning was dammah, so they disliked leaving it on its dammah, saying 'buḍ' and 'ʿawn'.

والواحدة بيضاء وعيناء، فكسروا الباء ليكون بالياء، ويتألف الجمع والاثنان والواحدة.

And the singular is 'bayḍāʾ' and 'ʿaynāʾ', so they broke the 'bāʾ' to be with a 'yāʾ', and to form the plural, dual, and singular.

وكذلك كرهوا أن يقولوا ضوزى فتصير بالواو وهي من الياء.

Likewise, they disliked saying 'ḍūzā' so it would become with a 'wāw' while it is from 'yāʾ'.

وإنما قضيت على أولها بالضم لأن النعوت للمؤنث تأتي إما بالفتح وإما بالضم

And I have judged its beginning to be dammah because adjectives for the feminine come either with fatḥa or dammah.

فالمفتوح مثل سكرى وعطشى، والمضموم مثل أنثى وحبلى

The fatha-ed are like 'sakrā' (thirsty) and 'ʿaṭshā' (thirsty), and the dammah-ed are like 'unfā' (female) and 'ḥublā' (pregnant).

وإذا كان اسما ليس بنعت كسر أوله كالذكرى والشعرى

And if it is a noun and not an adjective, its beginning is broken, like 'dhikrā' (remembrance) and 'shiʿrā' (Sirius).

ليس في الكلام فعلى صفة، وإنما هو من بناء الأسماء، كالشعرى والدفلى.

There is no 'faʿlā' pattern for an adjective in speech; rather, it is from the construction of nouns, like 'shiʿrā' and 'diflā' (oleander).

الضيز، بالفتح: الاعوجاج

Al-ḍīz, with fatḥa: crookedness.

ومنه الضيزن، عند يعقوب، فإنه يقول: إن نونه زائدة

And from it is 'al-ḍīzan', according to Ya'qub, for he says its 'nūn' is extra.