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ف ت ر

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of abatement, slackening, or cooling down after a period of intensity. It applies to physical states like heat, strength, and sharpness, as well as abstract concepts like the intensity of a gaze or the time between prophets.

Derived headwords

فَتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to cool downboth

    To become less hot, to cool down from a state of being hot.

  2. 2.
    to slackenboth

    To become less intense, to calm down after a period of intensity or severity.

  3. 3.
    to weakenboth

    To become weak, to lose strength or vigor.

فتر الماء سكن حره — The water cooled down, its heat subsided.
فُتُورٌnoun
  1. 1.
    slackeningboth

    A state of abatement, cooling down, or becoming less intense after a period of heat or severity.

  2. 2.
    weaknessboth

    A state of weakness or lack of vigor.

سكن بعد حدة ولان بعد شدة — it calmed down after intensity and softened after severity.
فَتَّرَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to make coolboth

    To cause something to become less hot, to make it lukewarm.

  2. 2.
    to make slackboth

    To cause something or someone to become less intense or vigorous.

فتره الله تعالى تفتيرا — Allah made it cool/slack.
تَفْتِيرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    making coolboth

    The act of causing something to become less hot or less intense.

فتره الله تعالى تفتيرا — Allah made it cool/slack.
فَاتِرٌadjective
  1. 1.
    lukewarmboth

    Describing water or other liquids that are neither hot nor cold, but in between.

  2. 2.
    mildboth

    Describing something that has lost its intensity or sharpness, such as a gaze.

  3. 3.
    weakboth

    Describing a person or thing that is weak or lacking vigor.

فهو فاتر بين الحار والبارد — so it is lukewarm between hot and cold.
فَاتُورٌadjective
  1. 1.
    lukewarmclassical

    Similar to 'fātur', describing something that is neither hot nor cold.

فَتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to measureclassical

    To measure or estimate something by a certain measure, similar to measuring with a span.

فتر الشيء: كاله وقدره بفتره — The thing was measured: it was weighed and estimated by its 'fetr'.
فَتَرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    weaknessboth

    A state of weakness or debility, often associated with aging.

  2. 2.
    measureclassical

    A specific, known quantity of food.

أجد في نفسي فترة — I feel a weakness in myself.
فَتْرَةٌnoun
  1. 1.
    period of timeclassical

    The interval of time between two prophets or messengers.

  2. 2.
    weaknessboth

    A state of weakness or debility.

ما بين كل نبيين من الزمان الذي انقطعت فيه الرسالة — the time between two prophets during which the message was interrupted.
أَفْتَرَهُverb
  1. 1.
    to weakenboth

    To cause someone or something to become weak or debilitated, often due to illness or intoxication.

أفتره الداء: أضعفه — The illness weakened him: it made him feeble.
فَتَّارٌnoun
  1. 1.
    beginning of intoxicationclassical

    The initial stage of intoxication or exhilaration from drinking.

ابتداء النشوة — the beginning of exhilaration.
فَاتِرٌadjective
  1. 1.
    weak-eyedboth

    Describing an eye or gaze that is not sharp or intense, often implying a gentle or attractive quality.

وطرف فاتر: فيه فتور، ليس بحد النظر — and a languid eye: it has a slackness, not a sharpness of vision.
فَتْرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    spanboth

    The distance between the tip of the thumb and the tip of the index finger when spread apart.

ما بين طرف الإبهام وطرف المشيرة — the distance between the tip of the thumb and the tip of the index finger.
فَتْرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    sieveclassical

    A type of sieve made from palm leaves, used for sifting flour.

فَتْرَةٌnoun
  1. 1.
    fishclassical

    A type of fish that causes trembling when stepped on.

مُفْتَرٌadjective
  1. 1.
    weakenedboth

    Describing someone who has become weak or debilitated.

أفتر الرجل فهو مفتر — The man became weak, so he is weakened.
أَفْتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to weakenboth

    To cause a drinker to feel a weakening or calming effect from a beverage.

أفتر الشراب: فتر شاربه — The drink had a weakening effect: its drinker felt weak.
تَفْتِيرٌverb
  1. 1.
    to hoverclassical

    Describing clouds that are stationary, hesitant, or preparing to rain.

فتر السحاب تفتيرا: تحير لا يسير وتهيأ للمطر — The clouds hovered: they were confused, not moving, and preparing for rain.
اِسْتَفْتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to gather strengthclassical

    To regain strength or composure, to rest and recuperate.

استفتر الفرس: استجم — The horse gathered strength: it rested.
تَفْتَرٌnoun
  1. 1.
    notebookclassical

    A notebook, a variant pronunciation used by the Banu Asad tribe.

فَتْرٌname
  1. 1.
    Fatrclassical

    A proper name of a woman.

أصرمت حبل الوصل من فتر — You severed the bond of connection from Fatr.
فَتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to ceaseclassical

    To stop or cease, often used in the context of rain or effort.

فتر: مطر وفرغ ماؤه وكف وتحير — it rained, its water ran out, it stopped, and it hesitated.
فَتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to stayclassical

    To remain in a place, to stay put.

فتر، أي أقام وسكن — 'fatar', meaning he stayed and settled.
فَتَرَverb
  1. 1.
    to slackenclassical

    To become less intense or active in one's work.

فتر العامل عن عمله: قصر فيه — The worker slackened from his work: he fell short in it.

Parallel reading

فتر الشيء، والحر، وفلان يفتر ويفتر، من حد نصر وضرب فتورا كقعود، وفتارا كغراب: سكن بعد حدة ولان بعد شدة.
Something cooled down, and the heat, and so-and-so slackened and slackened, from the pattern of naṣara and ḍaraba, with futūran like quʿūd and futāran like ghurāb: it calmed down after intensity and softened after severity.
لا يفترون.
They do not slacken.
فتره الله تعالى تفتيرا، وفتر هو.
Allah made it cool/slack, and it became cool/slack.
فتر الماء: سكن حره، فهو فاتر بين الحار والبارد، وفاتور، كذلك.
The water cooled down: its heat subsided, so it is lukewarm between hot and cold, and fātūr, likewise.
فتر الشيء: كاله وقدره بفتره كما يقال: شبره، إذا كاله وقدرة بشبره.
The thing was measured: it was weighed and estimated by its 'fetr' as it is said: 'he spanned it', if he weighed and estimated it by his span.
فتر جسمه يفتر: فتورا: لانت مفاصله وضعف.
His body weakened, it slackened: with futūran: his joints became soft and weak.
أجد في نفسي فترة، وهي كالضعفة.
I feel a weakness in myself, and it is like feebleness.
ويقال للشيخ: قد علته كبرة. وعرته فترة.
And it is said of an old man: old age has overcome him. And a weakness has afflicted him.
أفتره الداء: أضعفه، وكذلك أفتره السكر.
The illness weakened him: it made him feeble, and likewise intoxication weakened him.
وطرف فاتر: فيه فتور، ليس بحد النظر، وقال الجوهري: إذا لم يكن حديدا.
And a languid eye: it has a slackness, not a sharpness of vision, and al-Jawharī said: if it is not sharp.
والفتر، بالكسر: ما بين طرف الإبهام وطرف المشيرة، والجمع أفتار.
And al-fetr, with kasra: the distance between the tip of the thumb and the tip of the index finger, and the plural is aftār.
والفتر، بالضم: كالسفرة تعمل من الخوص ينخل عليها الدقيق، نقله الصاغاني ولم يغره، وهو قول أبي زيد.
And al-fitr, with ḍamma: like a sieve made from palm leaves on which flour is sifted, narrated by al-Ṣāghānī and he did not consider it reliable, and it is the saying of Abū Zayd.
والفترة، بالفتح: ما بين كل نبيين، وفي الصحاح: ما بين كل رسولين من رسل الله عز وجل، من الزمان الذي انقطعت فيه الرسالة.
And al-fatrah, with fatḥ: the interval between two prophets, and in al-Ṣiḥāḥ: the interval between two messengers of Allah Almighty, from the time when the message was interrupted.
والفترة: سمكة، إذا وطئتها أخذتك الرعدة في الرجلين حتى تعرق، كالفتر، كقنب، هكذا نقله الصاغاني.
And al-fatrah: a fish, if you step on it, you will be seized by trembling in the legs until you sweat, like al-fitr, like qanab, thus narrated al-Ṣāghānī.
أفتر الرجل فهو مفتر، إذا ضعف، هكذا في النسخ، والصواب: ضعفت جفونه فانكسر طرفه.
The man became weak, so he is weakened, if he became weak, thus in the manuscripts, and the correct is: his eyelids weakened so his gaze broke.
أفتر الشراب: فتر شاربه، كما يقال: أقطف الرجل، إذا قطفت دابته، وعليه يحمل الحديث: نهى عن كل مسكر ومفتر، فالمسكر: الذي يزيل العقل، والمفتر: الذي يفتر الجسد إذا شرب، أي يحمي الجسد ويصير فيه فتورا.
The drink had a weakening effect: its drinker felt weak, as it is said: 'the man's mount was led astray', if his mount was led astray, and upon this is based the hadith: 'He forbade every intoxicant and every weakening agent', so the intoxicant is that which removes reason, and the weakening agent is that which weakens the body when drunk, meaning it warms the body and causes a slackening in it.
ومنهم من قال: أفتره: بمعنى فتره، أي جعله فاترا.
And some of them said: 'afṭarahu': meaning 'fatarahu', meaning he made it lukewarm.
فتر السحاب تفتيرا: تحير لا يسير وتهيأ للمطر، وهو مجاز.
The clouds hovered with tiftīran: they were confused, not moving, and preparing for rain, and it is metaphorical.
وقال الأصمعي: فتر: مطر وفرغ ماؤه وكف وتحير.
And al-Aṣmaʿī said: 'fatar': it rained, its water ran out, it stopped, and it hesitated.
وبه فسر قول ابن مقبل يصف سحابا: (نأمل خليلي هل ترى ضوء بارق ... يمان مرته ريح نجد ففترا)
And with this he interpreted the saying of Ibn Muqbil describing clouds: (We hope, my friend, do you see the flash of lightning... Yemenite, the wind of Najd passed over it and it stopped).
وقال حماد الراوية: فتر، أي أقام وسكن.
And Ḥammād al-Rāwiyah said: 'fatar', meaning he stayed and settled.
واستفتر الفرس: استجر، هكذا في النسخ، والصواب: استجم، كما في الأساس، وهو مجاز.
And the horse gathered strength: it was drawn, thus in the manuscripts, and the correct is: it rested, as in al-Asās, and it is metaphorical.
والتفتر: الدفتر، لغة بني أسد، كما نقله الفراء هنا، ذكره الصاغاني.
And al-taftir: the notebook, a dialect of Banu Asad, as narrated by al-Farraʾ here, al-Ṣāghānī mentioned it.
وقد مر للمصنف في التاء مع الراء، وجعله هناك لغة مستقلة.
And the author has already mentioned it under Tāʾ with Rāʾ, and considered it an independent dialect there.
فتر، بالفتح: اسم امرأة، قال شيخنا: ذكر الفتح مستدرك، لأن إطلاقه نص فلا يحتاج إلى ذكره.
Fatr, with fatḥ: a woman's name, our shaykh said: mentioning the fatḥ is redundant, because its explicit mention is sufficient and does not need to be stated.
قلت: إنما ذكره لبيان منشإ الوهم في كونه بالكسر، فذكره مشيرا إلى أن قوله ووهم الجوهري إنما هو ضبطه بالكسر.
I say: He only mentioned it to explain the origin of the error in it being with kasra, so he mentioned it indicating that his statement 'and al-Jawharī erred' is only his notation with kasra.
فلو لم يذكر الفتح كان يظن أن الوهم في كونه اسم امرأة، وليس كذلك، فظهر بذلك أن ذكر الفتح ليس بمستدرك على ما زعمه شيخنا.
So if he had not mentioned the fatḥ, it would be thought that the error was in it being a woman's name, and that is not the case, so it became clear that mentioning the fatḥ is not redundant as our shaykh claimed.
قال المسيب بن علس، ويروى للأعشى: (أصرمت حبل الوصل من فتر ... وهجرتها ولججت في الهجر)
Al-Musayyab ibn ʿAlas said, and it is narrated from al-Aʿshā: (You severed the bond of connection from Fatr... and you abandoned her and persisted in abandonment).
وهو دخيل. ثم ذكر بعده فأر بلد بنواحي أرمينية.
And it is foreign. Then he mentioned after it 'fārun' of a city in the regions of Armenia.
فإيراد المصنف إياهما في ف ت ر وهم لا يكاد ينتبه له كل أحد، فاعلم ذلك، ولا تغتر بآراء المقلدين.
So the author's inclusion of them in F-T-R is an error that hardly anyone notices, so know that, and do not be deceived by the opinions of imitators.
فتر البرد: سكن.
The cold slackened: it subsided.
فتر العامل عن عمله: قصر فيه.
The worker slackened from his work: he fell short in it.
وفتره غيره، وهو مجاز.
And others made him slacken, and it is metaphorical.