صبر

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

The root صبر (ṣ-b-r) primarily denotes the concept of holding back, restraining, or confining. This extends to enduring hardship, patience in the face of adversity, and self-control. It also encompasses meanings related to confinement for punishment or death, and in a legal context, being compelled to swear an oath.

Derived headwords

صَبَرَverb

1.
to hold backboth
To restrain, confine, or hold something or someone back.
2.
to endureboth
To exercise patience and self-restraint, especially in the face of hardship or difficulty.
3.
to confine for deathclassical
To hold someone captive and leave them to die, often by being pelted with something.

قلت لها أصبرها جاهدا — I said to her, 'I am holding her back with all my might'

صَبْرًاnoun

1.
patienceboth
The quality of enduring hardship or delay without complaint or distress.
2.
restraintboth
The act of holding back or confining.
3.
confinement for deathclassical
The act of being held captive and left to die.

صَبَرْتُ نَفْسِيverb

1.
I restrained myselfboth
I held myself back or exercised self-control.

صبرت نفسي — I restrained myself

مَصْبُورadjective

1.
confined for deathclassical
One who is held captive and left to die.

نهى عن المصبورة — He forbade the one confined for death

يَمِين الصَّبْرnoun

1.
compelled oathclassical
An oath that a judge or ruler compels someone to take, often by holding them captive until they swear.

يمين الصبر: التي يمسكك الحكم عليها حتى تحلف — The oath of ṣabr: which the judge holds you to until you swear

صَبُورadjective

1.
patientboth
Possessing great patience and endurance.
2.
greatly patientclassical
One who has immense patience, often described as having stronger patience than others.

صَابِرadjective

1.
patientboth
One who exercises patience, especially during hardship.

فهو صابر — so he is patient

صَبَّارadjective

1.
very patientclassical
One who is intensely patient or has great endurance.

صَبِيرadjective

1.
patientclassical
Possessing patience.

تَصَبَّرَverb

1.
to feign patienceclassical
To pretend to be patient or to force oneself to be patient.

أفضل الصبر التصبر — The best patience is feigned patience

اصْطَبَرَverb

1.
to acquire patienceclassical
To gain or cultivate patience, often through effort or trial.

أَصْبَرَverb

1.
to order patienceclassical
To command or instruct someone to be patient.
2.
to provide a guarantorclassical
To arrange for a guarantor or surety.

أصبر الحاكم فلانا على يمين صبرا — The judge compelled so-and-so to take an oath

صَبَّرَverb

1.
to hold backclassical
To restrain or confine someone.
2.
to make patientclassical
To cause someone to be patient or to endure.

صبرته أنا: حبسته — I held him back: I confined him

صَبِيرnoun

1.
guarantorclassical
A surety or guarantor who stands for someone.
2.
leaderclassical
A chief or leader who stands firm for his people.
3.
mountainclassical
A mountain, or a specific mountain.
4.
white cloudclassical
A white or dense cloud, sometimes layered.

من أسلف سلفا فلا يأخذن به رهنا ولا صبيرا — Whoever gives a loan shall not take a pledge or a guarantor for it

صَبْرَةnoun

1.
pile of foodclassical
A quantity of food gathered together without precise measurement.
2.
sifted foodclassical
Food that has been sifted.
3.
heap of stonesclassical
A large, accumulated collection of stones.

اشتريت الشيء صبرة، أي بلا وزن ولا كيل — I bought the thing as a ṣabra, meaning without weighing or measuring

صَبَارnoun

1.
stonesclassical
A collection or heap of stones.

صِبَارnoun

1.
gravelly landclassical
Land characterized by gravel, not rough.

صِبَارَةnoun

1.
stonesclassical
Stones, or smooth stones.
2.
intense coldclassical
The severity of winter cold.

قلتم: هاذه صبارة القر — You said: 'This is the severity of the cold'

صَبْرnoun

1.
sideclassical
The side, edge, or margin of something.
2.
topclassical
The upper part or highest point of something.
3.
white cloudclassical
A white cloud.
4.
tribeclassical
A specific clan or tribe (from Ghassan).

سدرة المنتهى صبر الجنة — The Lote-tree of the utmost boundary is the top of Paradise

صَبْرnoun

1.
frozen massclassical
A frozen mass or piece.

أَصْبَارnoun

1.
topsclassical
The upper parts or rims of containers.

الكأس إلى أصبارها — the cup to its brim

أم صَبَّارname

1.
الحرة (a type of stony ground)classical
A type of stony ground, specifically a lava field.
2.
calamityclassical
A great misfortune or disaster.

تدافع الناس عنها حين يركبها من المظالم يدعى أم صبار — People repel others from it when a calamity called Umm Ṣabbār attacks it

أم صَبُورname

1.
heatclassical
Intense heat.

Parallel reading

قلت لها أصبرها جاهدا

I said to her, 'I am holding her back with all my might'

وقد نهى رسول الله صلى الله تعالى عليه وسلم أن يصبر الروح

And the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, forbade the 'ṣabr al-rūḥ' (holding a soul back for death).

وهو أن يحبس حيا ويرمى بشيء حتى يموت

Which is to hold someone alive and pelt them with something until they die.

وأصل الصبر: الحبس

And the origin of ṣabr is: confinement.

اقتلوا القاتل واصبروا الصابر

Kill the killer and confine the one who confined (him).

وقد قتله صبرا

And he was killed by confinement.

صبرت نفسي

I restrained myself.

فصبرت عارفة لذالك حرة ترسو إذا نفس الجبان تطلع

So I restrained a knowing, free soul, which stands firm when the coward's spirit falters.

وكل من قتل في غير معركة ولا حرب ولا خطإ فإنه مقتول صبرا

And whoever is killed not in battle, war, or by mistake, is killed by confinement.

نهى عن المصبورة

He forbade the one confined for death.

يمين الصبر: التي يمسكك الحكم عليها حتى تحلف

The oath of ṣabr: which the judge holds you to until you swear.

بأن يحبسه السلطان عليها حتى يحلف بها

By the ruler imprisoning him for it until he swears by it.

فلو حلف إنسان من غير إحلاف ما قيل: حلف صبرا

If a person swore without being compelled, it would not be said: 'he swore ṣabr'.

أصبر الحاكم فلانا على يمين صبرا

The judge compelled so-and-so to take an oath of ṣabr.

وصبر الرجل يصبره: لزمه

And 'ṣabara al-rajul' (the man) means: he adhered to him.

والمصبورة: اليمين

And 'al-maṣbūra': the oath.

والصبر: نقيض الجزع

And patience: is the opposite of impatience.

واصبر نفسك مع الذين يدعون ربهم

And restrain yourself with those who call upon their Lord.

الصبر في اللغة: الحبس والكف في ضيق

Patience in language: is confinement and restraint in hardship.

فالصبر: حبس النفس عن الجزع، وحبس اللسان عن الشكوى، وحبس الجوارح عن التشويش

So patience is: restraining the self from impatience, restraining the tongue from complaining, and restraining the limbs from causing disturbance.

أفضل الصبر التصبر

The best patience is feigned patience.

والصابر: أعمها، والمصطبر المكتسب للصبر المبتلي به

And the patient (ṣābir): is the most general, and the one who acquires patience (mustaṣbir) is one tested by it.

والمتصبر: متكلف الصبر حامل نفسه عليه

And the one who feigns patience (mutasabbir): is one who forces himself to be patient, carrying himself upon it.

والصبور: العظيم الصبر الذي صبره أشد من صبر غيره

And the greatly patient one (ṣabūr): is one of great patience whose patience is stronger than others' patience.

والصبار: الشديد الصبر

And the intensely patient one (ṣabbār): is one of severe patience.

أصبره: أمره بالصبر، كصبره تصبيرا

He made him patient (aṣbarahu): he ordered him to be patient, like ṣabbara (he made him patient) taṣbīran.

صبرته تصبيرا: طلبت منه أن يصبر

I made him patient (ṣabbartuhu) taṣbīran: I asked him to be patient.

اصبرني يا رجل، كانصرني

Be my guarantor, O man, like (i.e., as if you said) 'help me'.

من أسلف سلفا فلا يأخذن به رهنا ولا صبيرا

Whoever gives a loan shall not take a pledge or a guarantor for it.

الصبير: مقدم القوم، وزعيمهم، الذي يصبر لهم ومعهم في أمورهم

Al-ṣabīr: the leader of the people, their chief, who stands firm for them and with them in their affairs.

ككرفئة الغيث ذات الصبير

Like the white cloud with the layered clouds.

تراها كأنها مصبورة، أي محبوسة

You see it as if it were confined, meaning held back.

السحاب يثبت يوما وليلة، ولا يبرح، كأنه يصبر، أي يحبس

The cloud stays for a day and a night, and does not move, as if it were patient, meaning confined.

والصبر صبير الخوان، وهو الرقاقة العريضة تبسط تحت ما يؤكل من الطعام

And the ṣabīr of the dining cloth, which is the wide mat spread under what is eaten of food.

لها بالصيف أصبرة وجل وست من كرائمها غزار

They have in summer herds that come and go, and are abundant among their noble ones.

سدرة المنتهى صبر الجنة، أي أعلاها

The Lote-tree of the utmost boundary is the top of Paradise, meaning its highest part.

ملأ المكيال إلى أصباره، وأدهق الكأس إلى أصبارها، أي إلى أعاليها ورأسها

He filled the measure to its brim, and he filled the cup to its brim, meaning to its heights and its top.

أخذه بأصباره، أي تاما بجميعه

He took it with all its parts, meaning completely, all of it.

اشتريت الشيء صبرة، أي بلا وزن ولا كيل

I bought the thing as a ṣabra, meaning without weighing or measuring.

وقد صبروا طعامهم: جعلوه صبرة

And they made their food into a ṣabra: they made it into a pile.

الحجارة الغليظة المجتمعة

The thick, accumulated stones.

أم صبار ككتان، ووقعوا في أم صبور، كتنور، أي الحر

They took refuge in Umm Ṣabbār (a type of stony ground), and they fell into Umm Ṣabūr (heat).