جور

Root entry · 19 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of proximity, dwelling near, and neighboring. It extends to seeking protection, granting refuge, and the act of sheltering. Additionally, it encompasses meanings related to deviation, injustice, and physical inclination or collapse.

Derived headwords

جَاوَرَverb

1.
to neighborboth
To live or be situated next to or near someone or something.
2.
to dwellclassical
To reside in a place, especially for a prolonged period, often with a connotation of religious devotion.

يجاور بحراء — he used to dwell in Hira

مُجَاوَرَةnoun

1.
neighboringboth
The state or fact of being neighbors; proximity.
2.
seclusionclassical
The act of staying in a mosque for religious devotion, especially during the last ten days of Ramadan.
3.
cohabitationboth
Living together in close proximity.

المجاورة الاعتكاف في المسجد — seclusion is staying in the mosque

المجاورة بمكة والمدينة — residing in Mecca and Medina

جَارnoun

1.
neighborboth
A person living next door or very near to the speaker.
2.
protected personclassical
Someone under the protection or guarantee of another.

جَارَةnoun

1.
female neighborboth
A woman who lives next door or very near.
2.
rival wifeclassical
A co-wife, especially one perceived as a rival.

غيظ جارتها — the jealousy of her rival wife

جُؤَارnoun

1.
roarclassical
A loud, deep, prolonged cry, typically that of a lion or other large animal.

جَارَverb

1.
to deviateboth
To depart from an established course or standard; to act unjustly or inequitably.
2.
to inclineboth
To lean or bend; to be tilted.

جَوْرnoun

1.
injusticeboth
Unfairness or violation of rights; iniquity.
2.
deviationboth
The act of deviating from a standard or norm.
3.
abundanceclassical
A large quantity of something, exceeding the usual.

نسبه إلى الجور في الحكم — attributed to him injustice in judgment

جَائِرadjective

1.
unjustboth
Acting unfairly or violating rights.
2.
deviatingboth
Departing from the correct or accepted way.
3.
largeclassical
Of considerable size or extent.

جائر: العظيم من الدلاء — Jā'ir: the large of buckets

أَجَارَverb

1.
to grant refugeboth
To give shelter or protection from danger or distress.
2.
to protectboth
To keep safe from harm or injury.
3.
to put awayclassical
To place something in a container to prevent loss or damage.

أجاره الله من العذاب: أنقذه — Allah saved him from punishment: rescued him

أجار المتاع: جعله في الوعاء — he put away the goods: placed them in the container

إِجَارَةnoun

1.
protectionclassical
The act of safeguarding or shielding someone.
2.
guaranteeclassical
A formal assurance or promise, especially one made to a person.

اِسْتَجَارَverb

1.
to seek protectionboth
To ask for shelter or safety from someone.
2.
to seek refugeboth
To ask for safety or asylum.

وإن أحد من المشركين استجارك فأجره — And if any of the idolaters seek asylum with you, then grant them asylum

تَجَاوَرَverb

1.
to be neighborsboth
To live or be situated next to each other.
2.
to dwell togetherboth
To reside in close proximity.

جاور بعضهم بعضا — they were neighbors to each other

اِجْتَوَرَverb

1.
to be neighborsboth
To live or be situated next to each other.
2.
to dwell togetherboth
To reside in close proximity.

اجتوروا، إذا كانت في معنى تجاوروا — they became neighbors, if it was in the meaning of 'they were neighbors'

تَجَوَّرَverb

1.
to fallboth
To drop or descend from a higher to a lower level.
2.
to lie downboth
To assume a horizontal position on a surface.
3.
to collapseboth
To fall down or inward suddenly and dramatically.

ضربته ضربة تجور منها، أي سقط — I struck him a blow from which he fell

تجاور البناء: تهدم — the building collapsed: it was demolished

جَوَّرَverb

1.
to tiltboth
To cause to lean or slant.
2.
to overturnboth
To cause to be upside down or on its side.

جوره: صرعه — he knocked him down

جور البناء والخباء وغيرهما: صرعه وقلبه — the building and tent, etc., were overturned: knocked down and inverted

مُجَوَّرadjective

1.
overturnedboth
Having been knocked down or inverted.
2.
inclinedboth
Leaning or slanting.

إذا هو أضحى كالعريش المجور — when he became like a tilted awning

جِيْرَةnoun

1.
neighborsclassical
People living nearby.

إنه لحسن الجيرة — he is good in terms of neighbors

جَائِرnoun

1.
large bucketclassical
A big bucket, often used for drawing water.

بجائر ضخم — with huge buckets

جُورِيّadjective

1.
rose-coloredclassical
Having the color of a red rose.

Parallel reading

وجاوره مجاورة

and he lived next to him, a neighboring

على القياس

according to the standard

على مقتضى اصطلاحه

according to his convention

وإنما اقتصر المصنف على واحد؛ بناء على طريقته التي هي الاختصار

The author limited himself to one, based on his method of brevity

فإن قوله: (وقد يكسر) لا يدل إلا على أنه بالفتح على مقتضى اصطلاحه

For his saying: (and it may be with kasr) only indicates that it is with fatḥ according to his convention

وما عداه هو الراجح الافصح

and what is other than it is the preferred and most eloquent

صار جاره وساكنه

he became his neighbor and dweller

والصحيح الظهر الذي لا يعدل عنه أن أفصحية الكسر إنما هو في الجوار بمعنى المساكنة

The correct and evident view, from which one should not deviate, is that the eloquence of kasr is specifically in al-jiwār meaning cohabitation

وتجاوروا واجتوروا بمعنى واحد: جاور بعضهم بعضا

and they were neighbors and they became neighbors, meaning one: they were neighbors to each other

فجعلوا ترك الإعلال دليلا على أنه في معنى ما لا بد من صحته، وهو تجاوروا

so they made the omission of vowel change evidence that it is in the meaning of what must be sound, which is tajāwarū

وضعوا كل واحد من المصدرين في موضع صاحبه؛ لتساوي الفعلين في المعنى، وكثرة دخول كل واحد من البناءين على صاحبه

they placed each of the two masdars in the place of the other; due to the equality of the two verbs in meaning, and the frequent use of each of the two patterns with the other

وإنما صحت الواو في اجتوروا؛ لأنه في معنى ما لا بد له من أن يخرج على الأصل؛ لسكون ما قبله وهو تجاوروا فبني عليه

The wāw remained sound in ijtawarū because it is in a meaning that must come out according to the original form; due to the preceding sukūn, which is tajāwarū, so it was built upon it

والمجاورة: الاعتكاف في المسجد

And al-mujāwarah: seclusion in the mosque

أنه كان يجاور بحراء

that he used to dwell in Hira

وسئل عن المجاور يذهب للخلاء

and he was asked about the one in seclusion going to relieve himself

فأما المجاورة بمكة والمدينة فيراد بها المقام مطلقا غير ملتزم بشرائط الاعتكاف الشرعي

As for residing in Mecca and Medina, it means staying absolutely, without adhering to the conditions of legal seclusion

وجار واستجار: طلب أن يجار

And jāra and istajāra: to seek to be granted refuge

أو سأله أن يجيره

or he asked him to grant him refuge

وإن أحد من المشركين استجارك فأجره حتى يسمع كلام الله

And if any of the idolaters seek asylum with you, then grant them asylum until they hear the word of Allah

المعنى: إن طلب منك أحد من أهل الحرب أن تجيره من القتل إلى أن يسمع كلام الله فأمنه وعرفه ما يجب عليه أن يعرفه من أمر الله تعالى الذي يتبين به الإسلام ثم أبلغه مأمن؛ لئلا يصاب بسوء قبل انتهائه إلى مأمنه

The meaning is: if any of the people of war asks you for protection from killing until they hear the word of Allah, then grant them safety and inform them of what they must know of the command of Allah Almighty, by which Islam becomes clear, then escort them to their place of safety; so that they are not harmed before reaching their safety

وأجاره الله من العذاب: أنقذه

And Allah saved him from punishment: rescued him

اللهم أجرني من عذابك

O Allah, save me from Your punishment

وأجاره: أعاذه

And he protected him: he sheltered him

ومن عاذ بالله، أي استجار به أجاره الله، ومن أجاره الله لم يوصل إليه

And whoever seeks refuge in Allah, meaning seeks protection from Him, Allah protects him, and whoever Allah protects, no harm can reach him

وهو سبحانه وتعالى يجير ولا يجار عليه

And He, Glorified and Exalted is He, protects and is not protected against

قل إنى لن يجيرنى من الله أحد

Say, 'Indeed, I will never find protection from Allah

أي لن يمنعني

meaning, He will not protect me

كما يجير بين البحور

as He separates between the seas

أي يفصل بينها، ويمنع أحدها من الاختلاط بالآخر والبغي عليه

meaning, He separates them, and prevents one from mixing with the other and encroaching upon it

وأجاره: جعله في الوعاء

And he protected the goods: he put them in the container

فمنعه من الضياع

preventing them from being lost

وأجاره: خفره

And he protected him: he guaranteed his safety

ويجير عليهم أدناهم

and their lowest among them grants protection to them

أي إذا أجار واحد من المسلمين، حر أو عبد، أو امرأة، واحدا أو جماعة من الكفار، وخفرهم وأمنهم، جاز ذالك على جميع المسلمين، لا ينقض عليه جواره، وأمانه

meaning, if one of the Muslims, free or slave, or a woman, grants protection to one or a group of disbelievers, and guarantees their safety and security, then that is permissible for all Muslims, and his protection and guarantee are not to be revoked

ضربته فجوره: صرعه

I struck him and he fell: he was knocked down

ككوره، فتجور

like his kowarah, and it falls

فقلما طارد حتى أغدرا وسط الغبار خربا مجورا

So he did not pursue for long until he knocked down in the midst of dust, a ruined, fallen one

جوره تجويرا: نسبه إلى الجور في الحكم

He accused him of injustice: attributed to him injustice in judgment

جور البناء والخباء وغيرهما: صرعه و قلبه

The building and tent, etc., were overturned: knocked down and inverted

إذا هو أضحى كالعريش المجور

when he became like a tilted awning

ضربته ضربة تجور منها، أي سقط

I struck him a blow from which he fell, meaning he fell

وتجور الرجل على فراشه: اضطجع

And the man lay down on his bed: he reclined

وتجور البناء: تهدم

And the building collapsed: it was demolished

والرجل: انصرع

And the man: he was knocked down

يوم بيوم الحفض المجور

A day for a day of the overturned tent

وهو مثل يضرب عند الشماتة بالنكبة تصيب الرجل

It is a proverb used when gloating over a misfortune that befalls a man

أي هاذا با فعلت أنا بعمي

Meaning, this is a consequence of what I did to my uncle

وإنه لحسن الجيرة

And indeed, he is good in terms of neighbors

ملء كسائها وغيظ جارتها

filling her garment and the jealousy of her rival wife

الجارة: الضرة، من المجاورة بينهما؛ أي أنها ترى حخسنها فت 2 غيظها بلك

Al-jārah: the rival wife, from the proximity between them; meaning she sees her beauty and becomes jealous of her

كنت بين جارتين لي

I was between two rival wives of mine

لا يغرك أن كانت جارتك هي أوسم، وأحب إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم منك

Do not let it deceive you that your rival wife is more beautiful and more beloved to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, than you

والجائر: العظيم من الدلاء

And al-jā'ir: the large of buckets

متغضف كالجفر باكره ورد الجميع بجائر ضخم

Thick like a cistern, its early part, and all of them came with huge buckets

وحش جيران بين القف والضفر

wild animals of Jiran between al-Qaff and al-Dhafr

من تصغير جيران على أجيار بالضم ففتح مع تشديد التحتية

from the diminutive of Jiran to Ajyār with dammah then fatḥ with a shaddah on the yā'

وطعنه فجوره، وهو من الجور بمعنى السيل

and he stabbed him and it flowed, which is from al-jawr meaning a flood

عنده من المال الجور، أي الكثير المجاوز للعادة

He has an abundance of wealth, meaning a lot exceeding the usual

وغرب جائر، وقربة جائرة: واسعة ضخمة

And a wide western direction, and a large waterskin: wide and huge

وجارت الأرض: طل نبتها وارتفع

And the land sprouted: its plants grew tall and rose

وسيل جور: مفرط؛ وهو من الجوار كسحاب: الماء الكثير، وقد تقدم

And a torrential flood: excessive; and it is from al-jawār like saḥāb: abundant water, as previously mentioned

وجورويه، بالضم: جد أبي بكر محمد بن عبد الله بن جورويه، الرازي

And Jūrawayh, with dammah: the grandfather of Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Jūrawayh, the Razi

وأبو عمر محمد بن يحيى بن الحسين بن أحمد بن علي بن عاصم الجوري، محدث، وولده أبو عبد الله محمد، سمع الخفاف وغيره، توفي سنة 453 ه

And Abu Omar Muhammad bin Yahya bin Al-Hussein bin Ahmed bin Ali bin Asim Al-Jūrī, a traditionist, and his son Abu Abdullah Muhammad, heard Al-Khuffaf and others, died in the year 453 AH

والجورية بطن من بني جعفر الصادق، ينتسبون إلى محمد الجور، قيل: لقب به لحمرة خدوده؛ تشبيها بالورد الجوري؛ وقيل: غير ذالك

And Al-Jūriyyah is a branch of the descendants of Ja'far Al-Sadiq, they trace their lineage to Muhammad Al-Jawr, it is said: he was nicknamed so due to the redness of his cheeks; resembling the rose Al-Jūrī; and it is said otherwise