كود

Root entry · 25 derived lemmas

The root كود primarily relates to the concept of nearing or almost doing something, often implying failure to complete the action. It also extends to meanings of intending, desiring, or being close to a state, and in some contexts, can imply being prevented or destined for something.

Derived headwords

الكودnoun

1.
preventionclassical
The meaning of prevention, as in something being blocked or stopped.

كادverb

1.
to be on the verge ofboth
Used to indicate that an action was very close to happening but did not.
2.
to intendclassical
To have the intention or desire to do something.
3.
to be close toboth
To be near a particular state or condition.

كادها خالقها — its creator prevented it

يكودverb

1.
to be on the verge ofboth
The present tense form indicating nearing an action.
2.
to intendclassical
The present tense form indicating intention.

كيدverb

1.
to be on the verge ofclassical
A dialectal variation of 'kāda' meaning to be close to doing something.

وكيد ضياع القف يأكلن جثتي — And the jackals of the wilderness will eat my carcass

كوداnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
The state of being close to doing something; a masdar of 'kāda'.

كاداnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
A variant masdar of 'kāda', indicating the state of being close to an action.

كيداnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
Another variant masdar of 'kāda', signifying the proximity to an action.

مكاداnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
A masdar indicating the state of being close to doing something, often implying worry or effort.

مكادةnoun

1.
nearnessclassical
A masdar denoting the state of being close to an action, sometimes associated with worry or difficulty.

كدتُverb

1.
I was on the verge ofboth
The first-person singular past tense of 'kāda', indicating the speaker was close to an action.

كدْتُverb

1.
I was on the verge ofclassical
A variant pronunciation of the first-person singular past tense of 'kāda'.

يكادverb

1.
he is on the verge ofboth
The third-person singular present tense of 'kāda'.

أكادverb

1.
I am on the verge ofboth
The first-person singular present tense of 'kāda'.
2.
I intendclassical
The first-person singular present tense of 'kāda' used to mean 'I intend'.

أكاد اخفيها — I almost hide it

يكيدverb

1.
to be on the verge ofclassical
A dialectal variant of 'yakūdu', meaning to be close to doing something.

كادواverb

1.
they were on the verge ofboth
The third-person plural past tense of 'kāda'.

وكادوا يقتلوننى — and they almost killed me

كدناverb

1.
we were on the verge ofboth
The first-person plural past tense of 'kāda'.
2.
we intendedclassical
The first-person plural past tense of 'kāda' used to mean 'we intended'.

كدنا ليوسف — We planned for Joseph

يكادونverb

1.
they are on the verge ofboth
The third-person plural present tense of 'kāda'.

تكادverb

1.
she is on the verge ofboth
The third-person feminine singular present tense of 'kāda'.
2.
you are on the verge ofboth
The second-person masculine singular present tense of 'kāda'.

يكادنverb

1.
they (fem. pl.) are on the verge ofclassical
The third-person feminine plural present tense of 'kāda'.

مكادnoun

1.
worryclassical
A state of worry or distress, related to the effort of nearing something.

مكادةnoun

1.
worryclassical
A state of worry or distress, related to the effort of nearing something.

مكاد منهphrase

1.
what is intended from himclassical
A phrase meaning what is desired or intended from a person.

عرف فلان ما يكاد منه — So-and-so knew what was intended from him

كوداnoun

1.
effortclassical
Effort or exertion, related to the concept of nearing or striving.

لا مهمة ولا مكادةphrase

1.
no effort or worryclassical
An expression indicating a lack of effort, worry, or intention.

لا و لا مهمة ولا مكادة — No, not with effort or worry

يكود بنفسهverb phrase

1.
he is on the verge ofclassical
A variant expression for being close to an action, possibly with a sense of self-propulsion.

Parallel reading

الكود: المنع

Al-kūdu: prevention.

ولكن ما قولك في عقول كادها خالقها

But what is your opinion about minds that their creator prevented?

أي منعها

meaning, prevented them.

كاد زيد يفعل كذا

Zayd was on the verge of doing such-and-such.

كيد زيد يفعل كذا

Kayda Zayd is doing such-and-such.

وما زيل يفعل كذا

and Mazayala is doing such-and-such.

وكيد ضياع القف يأكلن جثتي

And the jackals of the wilderness will eat my carcass

وكيد خراش يوم ذالك ييتم

And Khurash's jackals on that day will be orphaned

كودا بالواو، وكادا، بالألف، وكيدا بالياء

kūdan with a waw, kādan with an alif, and kaydan with a ya.

ومكادا ومكادة، هاكذا سرعد ابن سيد مصادر، أي هم و قارب ولم يفعل

and makādan and makādah, thus did Ibn Sayyid al-Nās list the masdars, meaning he was concerned and came close but did not do it.

الكود مصدر كاد يكود كودا ومكادا ومكادة

Al-kūdu is the masdar of kāda yakūdu, kūdan, makādan, and makādah.

وكدت أفعل كذا، أي هممت

And I was on the verge of doing such-and-such, meaning I intended to.

لغة بني عدي بالضم

The dialect of Banu Adi is with a dammah.

كاد يكاد كادا وكودا، هم وأكثر العرب على كدت، أي بالكسر

kāda yakādu, kādan, and kūdan; most Arabs use kadtu, meaning with a kasrah.

ومنهم من يقول كدت، أي بالضم

And some of them say kadtu, meaning with a dammah.

وأجمعوا على يكاد، في المستقبل

And they all agree on yakādu for the future tense.

قد جاء فيه فعلع أي بالضم يفعل بالفتح، على لغة من قال كدت تكاد، بضم الكاف في الماضي

It has come in the form 'fa'la' (with dammah) 'yaf'alu' (with fatha), according to the dialect of those who say 'kadtu takādu' (with a dammah on the kaf in the past tense).

فإن مضارعه لا يكون إلا يفعل بالضم

For its present tense verb form is only 'yaf'alu' (with dammah).

قد حولوا عند اتصال ضمير الفاعل فعل من الواو إلى فعل، ومن الياء إلى فعل، ثم نقلت الضمة والكسرة إلى الفاء، فيقال قلت وقلن، وبعث وبعن ولم يحولوا في غير الضمير إلا ما جاء في قول ناس من العرب كيد يفعل وما زهيل

They changed the verb form when a pronoun is attached to the subject from 'fawala' to 'fa'ala', and from 'fayala' to 'fa'ala', then the dammah and kasrah were transferred to the fa'. So they say 'qultu' and 'qunna', and 'ba'athu' and 'ba'na', and they did not change it in other than pronouns except what came in the speech of some Arabs: 'kayda yaf'alu' and 'mazuhaylu'.

كاد وضعت لمقاربة الشيء فعل أو لم يفعل (مجردة تنبىء عن نفي الفعل، ومقرونة بالجحد تنبىء عن وقوعه)

Kāda is used for nearing an action, whether it happened or not (when used alone, it indicates the action did not happen; when conjoined with negation, it indicates it did happen).

كاد فعل ناقص أتى منه الماضي والمضارع فقط، له اسم مرفوع وخبر مضارع مجرد من أن، ومعناها: قارب، فنفيها نفي للمقاربة، وإثباتها إثبات للمقاربة

Kāda is a defective verb from which only the past and present tenses come. It has a subject (ism marfū') and a predicate (khabar) in the present tense, devoid of 'an'. Its meaning is 'to be close to'. So its negation is a negation of proximity, and its affirmation is an affirmation of proximity.

فكقولك: كاد زيد يفعل، معناه لم يفعل، بدليل وإن كادوا يفتنونك

So your saying: 'Kāda Zayd yaf'alu' means he did not do it, as evidenced by 'And they almost tempted you'.

وما كاد يفعل، معناه فعل، بدليل وما كادوا يفعلون

And 'mā kāda yaf'alu' means he did it, as evidenced by 'And they did not almost do it'.

كل شيء في القرآن كاد! وأكاد ويكاد، فإنه لا يكون أبدا

Everything in the Quran with 'kāda', 'akādu', and 'yakādu', it never happens.

وقيل: إنها تفيد الدلالة على وقوع الفعل بعسر

And it is said that it indicates the occurrence of the action with difficulty.

والصحيح الأول، أنها كغيرها، نفيها نفي وإثباتها إثبات، فمعنى كاد يفعل: قارب الفعل ولم يفعل

The first opinion is correct, that like other verbs, its negation is negation and its affirmation is affirmation. So the meaning of 'kāda yaf'alu' is: he approached the action and did not do it.

وأما آية فذبحوها وما كادوا يفعلون، فهو إخبار عن حالهم في أول الأمر، فإنهم كانوا أولا بعداء من ذبحها، وإثبات الفعل إنما فهم من دليل آخر، وهو قوله تعالى: فذبحوها

As for the verse 'So they slaughtered it, and they almost did not do it', it is a report about their state in the beginning. For they were initially far from slaughtering it, and the affirmation of the action is understood from another evidence, which is God's saying: 'So they slaughtered it'.

ولقوله تعالى: لقد كدت تركن إليهم، مع أنه صلى الله عليه وسلملم يركن لا قليلا ولا كثيرا، فإنه مفهوم من جهة أن لولا الامتناعية تقتضي ذالك

And for God's saying: 'You almost inclined to them', even though the Prophet, peace be upon him, did not incline at all, it is understood from the perspective that the conditional 'lawla' (if not for) implies that.

قد كاد فلان يهلك: معناه: قد قارب الهلاك ولم يهلك

'So-and-so almost perished': meaning: he approached perishing and did not perish.

فإذا قلت ما كاد فلان يقوم، فمعناه: قام بعد إبطاء

And if you say 'So-and-so almost did not stand up', it means: he stood up after a delay.

وكذالك، كاد يقوم معناه قارب القيام ولم يقم

And likewise, 'kāda yaqūmu' means he approached standing up and did not stand up.

وقد تكون كاد صلة للكلام

And kāda can be an auxiliary word for emphasis.

سريع إلى الهيجاء شاك سلاحه فما إن يكاد قرنه يتنفس

Swift to the battle, armed with his spear, so that his adversary can barely breathe.

معناه ما يتنفس قرنه

Meaning, his adversary does not breathe.

وتكاد تكسل أن تجهى فراشها في لين خرعبة وحسن قوام

And she almost gets lazy to prepare her bed, with the softness of a young girl and a good build.

معناه وتكسل

Meaning, and she gets lazy.

لم يكد يراها

He could barely see her.

أي لم يرها ولم يقارب ذالك

Meaning, he did not see her and did not approach that.

حمل على المعنى، وذالك أنه لا يراها، وذلك أنك إذا قلت كاد يفعل إنما تعني قارب الفعل، على صحة الكلام، وهاكذا معنى هاذه الآية، إلا أن اللغة قد أجازت: لم يكد يفعل وقد فعل بعد شدة، وليس هاذا صحة الكلام، لأنه إذا قال: كاد يفعل، فإنما يعني قارب الفعل، وإذا قال، لم يكد يفعل، يقول: لم يقارب الفعل، إلا أن اللغة جاءت على ما فسر

It is interpreted according to the meaning, which is that he does not see her. This is because when you say 'kāda yaf'alu', you mean he approached the action, according to correct speech. And so is the meaning of this verse. However, the language has permitted 'lam yakad yaf'alu' to mean he did it after great difficulty. And this is not the correct usage, because if he says 'kāda yaf'alu', he means he approached the action. And if he says 'lam yakad yaf'alu', he means he did not approach the action. However, the language has come as explained.

كلما أخرج يده لم يكد يراها من شدة الظلمة، لأن أقل من هذه الظلمة لا ترى اليد فيه، وأما لم يكد يقوم، فقد قام، هاذا أكثر اللغة

Whenever he put his hand out, he could barely see it due to the darkness, because in less darkness than this, the hand is not seen. As for 'lam yakad yaqūmu', he stood up; this is the most common usage.

كذالك كدنا ليوسف

Thus, We planned for Joseph.

أكاد اخفيها

I almost hide it.

أي أردنا

Meaning, We intended.

فإن تجمع أوتاد وأعمدة وساكن بلغوا الأمر الذي كادوا

If you gather pegs and pillars and inhabitants, they will reach the matter which they intended.

كادت وكدت وتلك خير إرادة لو كان من لهو الصبابة ما مضى

She intended, and I intended, and that is the best intention, if there had been any of the past passionate love.

معناه أخفيها

Meaning, I hide it.

أكاد أخفيها، معناه أظهرها

'Akādu ukhfīhā' means 'I reveal it'.

وعكسه كقوله تعالى: يريد أن ينقض، أي يكاد

And the opposite is like God's saying: 'He intends to break', meaning 'he is on the verge of breaking'.

كاد زيد أن يموت

Zayd was on the verge of dying.

وكادوا يقتلوننى

And they almost killed me.

قد كاد من طوله البلى أن يمصحا

Due to its length, decay almost erased it.

عرف فلان ما يكاد منه، أي ما يراد

So-and-so knew what was intended from him, meaning what was desired.

ما قولك في عقول كادها بارئها

What is your opinion about minds that their Creator intended harm for?

أي أرادها بسوء

Meaning, He intended evil for them.

لا و لا مهمة ولا مكادة

No, not with effort or worry.

ولا كودا ولا هما، ولا مكادا ولا مهما، (أي لا أهم ولا أكاد)

Nor kūdan nor hamman, nor makādan nor mahamman (meaning, I do not strive nor am I on the verge).

وهو يكود بنفسه كودا، عن الصاغاني، لغة في يكيد

And 'yakūdu bi-nafsihi kūdan', according to Al-Saghani, is a dialectal variant of 'yakīdu'.