جهد

Root entry · 20 derived lemmas

The root جهد (j-h-d) primarily relates to effort, exertion, and striving. It encompasses concepts of energy, capacity, hardship, and the utmost limit of one's ability. Derived meanings extend to intense desire, exhaustion, and even specific geographical or martial contexts.

Derived headwords

الجَهْدnoun

1.
effort, energyboth
The capacity, power, or ability to exert oneself.
2.
hardship, difficultyboth
Suffering, distress, or a state of extreme difficulty.
3.
utmost limit, extremeboth
The peak of one's capability or the furthest extent of something.

الجُهْدnoun

1.
capacity, abilityboth
The extent of one's power or capability.
2.
hardshipclassical
Difficulty or distress.

جَهَدَverb

1.
to strive, to exert oneselfboth
To make a great effort, to do one's utmost.
2.
to exhaust (an animal)both
To push an animal beyond its capacity, especially in travel.
3.
to test, to examineboth
To put someone to the test, to try them.
4.
to make lean, to weakenboth
To cause someone or something to become thin or weak, often through hardship or illness.
5.
to extract (butter)both
To remove all or most of the butter from milk.
6.
to desire intenselyboth
To crave food or drink strongly.
7.
to live a hard lifeboth
To experience a difficult or miserable existence.

اجتهدverb

1.
to strive hard, to endeavorboth
To exert maximum effort and capacity in pursuit of something.

أجهدverb

1.
to exhaust (an animal)both
To make an animal work beyond its strength.
2.
to appear, to become evidentboth
For something like gray hair or truth to become visible and prominent.
3.
to be possible, to present itselfboth
For an opportunity or matter to become available or clear.
4.
to be diligent, to be cautiousboth
To take great care and precaution in a matter.
5.
to mix, to become confusedclassical
For something to become mixed or muddled.
6.
to spend, to depleteboth
To use up or spend one's wealth.
7.
to intensify enmityboth
For an enemy to become more severe in their hostility.
8.
to approach, to loomclassical
For people to draw near or appear.

مجهودnoun

1.
exhausted (milk)both
Milk from which butter has been extracted, or which is watered down.
2.
desired (food/drink)both
Highly desired food or drink, especially due to its taste.
3.
difficult, hardboth
Describing a life or situation that is full of hardship.
4.
cautious, carefulclassical
One who is diligent and takes precautions.
5.
poor, indigentclassical
Someone experiencing financial hardship or poverty.

مُجَاهِدَةnoun

1.
struggle, fightingboth
The act of fighting against an enemy or striving intensely.

جِهَادnoun

1.
struggle, strivingboth
Exerting one's utmost effort and capacity in a cause.
2.
fighting, combatboth
Engaging in warfare or armed conflict with an enemy.
3.
hard ground, barren landclassical
A type of land that is solid, flat, and often infertile.
4.
fruit of the Arak treeclassical
The berries or fruit produced by the Arak plant.

جَهْدَاءadjective

1.
barren, infertileclassical
Describing land that is hard and lacks vegetation.

جَهْدَانnoun

1.
hardship, distressclassical
A state of suffering or difficulty.

جَهْدَةnoun

1.
hardship, difficultyclassical
A state of distress or struggle.

جَاهِدadjective

1.
eager, desirousclassical
Strongly wanting or craving something, especially food.

جِهَادِيّadjective

1.
related to struggle/combatmodern
Pertaining to jihad, fighting, or intense effort.

المُجْتَهِدnoun

1.
the diligent oneclassical
A person who exerts great effort and strives diligently.

التَّجَاهُدnoun

1.
exertion of effortclassical
The act of expending one's capacity and effort.

الاجْتِهَادnoun

1.
endeavor, diligenceboth
The act of making the utmost effort and applying oneself fully.

الجُهَيْدَىnoun

1.
utmost effortclassical
The peak of one's capacity or effort, similar to 'al-juhd'.

بَنُو جَهَادَةname

1.
Banu Jahadaclassical
A specific Arab tribe or lineage.

مَرْعَى جَهِيدnoun phrase

1.
pasture depleted by livestockclassical
Grazing land that has been heavily consumed by animals.

أَرْض جِهَادnoun phrase

1.
barren landclassical
A description of land that is solid, flat, and lacks vegetation.

Parallel reading

وقيل: هما لغتان في الوسع والطاقة، فأما في المشقة والغاية فالفح لا غير

And it is said: they are two linguistic variants for 'capacity' and 'energy', but for 'hardship' and 'utmost limit', it is only with the fath (a).

والذين لا يجدون الا جهدهم

And those who find not except their capacity.

قال الفراء: الجهد في هاذه الآية الطاقة

Al-Farra' said: 'Al-juhd' in this verse means capacity.

اجهد جهدك في هذا الأمر، أي ابلغ غايتك

Exert your utmost effort in this matter, meaning reach your goal.

وجهد (دابته) جهدا: بلغ جهدها، وحمل عليها في السير فوق طاقتها

And he exerted (his animal) with exertion: he reached its limit, and burdened it in travel beyond its capacity.

جهدته وأجهدته بمعنى

I exerted it and I made it exert itself, meaning the same.

وجهد (بزيد: امتحنه) عن الخير وغيره

And he tested (Zayd): he examined him regarding good and other things.

وجهد (المعرض فلانا) وكذا التعب والحب يجهده جهدا: هزله

And (a turning away) weakened so-and-so, and likewise fatigue and love weaken him with exertion: they make him lean.

يقال: سقاه لبنا مجهودا، أي منزوع الزبد أو أكثره ماء

It is said: He gave him to drink exhausted milk, meaning milk from which butter had been removed or which was mostly water.

لا تجهد لبنك ومرقتك

Do not exhaust your milk and your broth.

والمجهود: المشتهى من الطعام واللبن

And 'al-majhūd': the desired thing from food and milk.

فمن رواه هاكذا أراد بالمجهود المشتهى الذي يلح عليه في شربه لطيبه وحلاوته

So whoever narrated it thus intended by 'al-majhūd' the desired thing that one insists on drinking due to its pleasantness and sweetness.

ومن رواه (حلو غير مجهود) فمعناه أنها غزار لا يجهدها الحلب فينهك لبنها

And whoever narrated it (sweet, not exhausted) then its meaning is that she is abundant, and milking does not exhaust her such that her milk is depleted.

وجهد الطعام: أكثر من أكله

And he exerted himself with food: he ate excessively.

وجهد عيشه، كفرح: نكد واشتد

And his life became difficult, like 'faraha': it became miserable and severe.

أعوذ بالله من جهد البلاء ودرك الشقاء

I seek refuge in Allah from the hardship of affliction and the attainment of misery.

قيل إنها هي الحالة الشاقة التي تأتي على الرجل يختار عليها الموت

It was said that it is the difficult state that befalls a person, for which they would choose death.

نزل بأرض جهاد

He encamped in a land of hard ground.

الجهاد: الأرض الصلبة

Al-jihād: The solid land.

والصحراء جهاد

And the desert is 'jihād' (hard ground).

يعود ثرى الأرض الجهاد وينبت ال جهاد بها والعود ريان أخضر

The soil of the hard land returns, and the hard land grows plants, and the branch is moist and green.

والجهاد: ثمر الأراك

And 'al-jihād': the fruit of the Arak tree.

الجهاد، بالكسر: القتال مع العدو، كالمجاهدة

Al-jihād, with kasr: Fighting with the enemy, like 'al-mujāhadah'.

وجاهدوا في الله حق جهاده

And strive in Allah the striving due to Him.

أجهد فيه الشيب إجهادا، إذا بدا وكثر وأسرع

Gray hair became prominent in it with prominence, when it appeared, increased, and hastened.

أجهدت لك الأرض: برزت

I made the land apparent for you: it became evident.

أجهد لك الحق، أي برز وظهر ووضح

The truth became apparent for you, meaning it emerged, appeared, and became clear.

أجهد في الأمر: احتاط

He was cautious in the matter: he took precautions.

وهو مجهد لك: محتاط

And he is cautious for you: he is careful.

أجهد الشيء: اختلط

The thing became mixed.

أجهد ماله: أفناه وفرقه

He depleted his wealth: he spent it and distributed it.

لا يجهد الرجل ماله ثم يقعد يسأل الناس

A man should not deplete his wealth and then sit asking people.

أجهد علينا العدو، إذ جد في العداوة

The enemy intensified against us, when he became severe in enmity.

أجهد لي القوم: أشرفوا

The people approached me: they appeared.

أجهد لك الأمر فاركبه، أي أمكنك وأعرض لك

The matter became easy for you, so undertake it, meaning it became possible for you and presented itself.

وجهاداك، بالضم، أن تفعل: أي قصاراك وغاية أمرك

And your 'jihādak', with damma: is to do; meaning your utmost and the limit of your affair.

الجهيدى، بالضم: الجهد

Al-juhaydā, with damma: The effort.

مرعى جهيد: جهده المال

Exhausted pasture: the livestock consumed it.

هاذه بقلة لا يجهدها المال، أي لا يكثر منها

This is a herb that the livestock do not consume much of, meaning they do not eat a lot of it.

وهاذا كلأ يجهده المال، إذا كان يلح على رعيته

And this is fodder that the livestock consume heavily, if they are persistent in grazing it.

قوله تعالى: {جهد اءيمانهم} أي بالغوا في اليمين واجتهدوا فيها

His saying, the Almighty: {their utmost oaths}, meaning they exaggerated in their oaths and strove in them.

والتجاهد: بذل الوسع والمجهود، كالاجتهاد

And 'al-tajāhud': expending capacity and effort, like 'al-ijtihād'.

بلغ جهده، وقيل غم

He reached his limit, and it was said: distress.

جهدت جهدي وأجهدت رأيي ونفسي حتى بلغت مجهودي

I exerted my utmost effort and I strained my opinion and myself until I reached my limit.

جهدت فلانا، إذا بلغت مشقته

I exerted so-and-so, when I reached his hardship.

إذا جلس بين شعبها الأربع ثم جهدها

When he sat between her four limbs, then he exerted himself with her.

الجهد الشيء القليل يعيش به المقل على جهد العيش

Al-juhd: The small amount by which the poor person lives on with the hardship of life.

حلف بالله فأجهد، وسار فأجهد، ولا يكون فجهد

He swore by Allah and exerted himself, and he traveled and exerted himself, but it is not 'fajhada'.

والمجهد كمحسن: المعسر

And 'al-mujhadd' like 'muhsin': the indigent.

وجهد الناس فهم مجهودون، إذا أجدبوا

And the people suffered hardship, so they are 'majhūdūn', when they faced drought.

أما أجهد فهو مجهد فمعناه ذو جهد ومشقة

As for 'ajhada', he is 'mujhad', meaning one with effort and hardship.

ورجل مجهد، إذا كان ذا دابة ضعيفة من التعب، فاستعاره للحال في قلة المال

And a 'mujhadd' man, if he had a weak animal due to fatigue, so it was metaphorically used for the state of financial scarcity.

واجهد فهو مجهد، كمكرم، أي أنه أوقع في الجهد، أي المشقة

And he exerted himself, so he is 'mujhad', like 'mukram', meaning he fell into hardship, i.e., distress.

أجتهد رأيي

I exerted my opinion.

الاجتهاد: بذل الوسع في طلب الأمر

Al-ijtihād: Expending capacity in seeking the matter.

والجهدان، كسحبان: من أصابه الجهد، أي المشقة

And 'al-juhdān', like 'suḥbān': one who is afflicted by hardship, i.e., distress.

وسموا مجاهدا

And they named him Mujahid.