ثلث

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

This root primarily deals with the concept of 'three' and 'one-third'. It extends to terms related to division into three parts, things that are third in sequence, and actions involving three entities. It also encompasses specific idiomatic and technical uses, including a negative characterization and terms for textiles and land preparation.

Derived headwords

المثلثnoun

1.
one who incitesclassical
Refers to someone who causes trouble or incites conflict, specifically by reporting to a ruler, thereby harming himself, his brother, and the ruler.
2.
a three-part objectclassical
Something composed of three parts or elements.

يخففverb

1.
to be lightenedclassical
The passive form of 'to lighten', used here in the context of pronunciation or a less severe form.

تثليثnoun

1.
watering a crop a third timeclassical
The act of watering crops for a third time, following an initial watering (ثنيا).
2.
making something threefoldboth
The act of making something consist of three parts or elements.

ثلاثةnoun

1.
threeboth
The cardinal number three, used for masculine nouns.

ثلاثnoun

1.
threeboth
The cardinal number three, used for feminine nouns.

ثالثadjective

1.
thirdboth
Ordinal number indicating the position after the second.

الثاليadjective

1.
thirdclassical
A poetic substitution for 'third', where the 'th' sound is replaced by 'y'.

أثلاثاnoun

1.
in thirdsclassical
Used to describe the distribution of the blood money (diyah) in three parts.

الثلاثونnoun

1.
thirtyboth
The cardinal number thirty.

اللاثيadjective

1.
related to threeclassical
An irregularly formed adjective meaning 'related to three'.

الثلاثيadjective

1.
threefoldboth
Relating to three things, or having a length of three cubits.
2.
triliteralboth
Describing roots or words composed of three letters.

المثلاثnoun

1.
a third partclassical
A portion equivalent to one-third, analogous to 'a quarter' from the root for four.

أثلثverb

1.
to consume two-thirdsclassical
To eat or use two-thirds of something, leaving one-third.

ثلثانnoun

1.
one-third fullboth
An adjective describing a container that has reached one-third of its capacity, whether for liquids or other contents.

مثلوثadjective

1.
made of three materialsclassical
A garment woven from three types of material, such as wool, camel hair, and goat hair.

مثلوثةadjective

1.
plowed three timesclassical
Land that has been plowed or tilled three times.

ثلثتهاverb

1.
to plow it three timesboth
The past tense verb form meaning 'I plowed it three times'.

يثلثverb

1.
to count as threeclassical
To include or count something as the third in a sequence or group.

يثنيهverb

1.
to count as twoclassical
To include or count something as the second in a sequence or group.

يثنهيverb

1.
to be able to riseclassical
To be capable of standing or rising, often used in the negative to describe weakness.

ذو ثلاثnoun

1.
garment of three woolsclassical
A cloak or garment made from three types of sheep's wool.

ثليثname

1.
Thulaythclassical
A place name, a diminutive form of 'Thulath', located on the road from Tayy to Syria.

Parallel reading

أنبئني ما (المثلث) ؟

Inform me, what is (al-muthallath)?

أي كمحدث (ويخفف)

Meaning, like a narrator (and it is pronounced with a lightened 'th').

المثلث لا أبالك، هو (الساعي بأخيه عند السلطان، لأنه يهلك ثلاثة: نفسه وأخاه والسلطان)

Al-muthallath, may you not be harmed, is the one who incites his brother against the ruler, because he destroys three: himself, his brother, and the ruler.

هو الرجل يمحل بأخيه إلى إمامه، فيبدأ بنفسه فيعنتها، ثم بأخيه ثم بإمامه، فذلك المثلث، وهو شر الناس.

He is the man who incites his brother against his leader, starting with himself, bringing hardship upon himself, then his brother, then his leader. That is the 'muthallath', and he is the worst of people.

الثلاثة من العدد: في عدد المذكر معروف، والمؤنث ثلاث.

The number three: for masculine nouns it is known as 'thalatha', and for feminine nouns, 'thulath'.

يقال: هو ثالث ثلاثة، مضاف إلى العشرة، ولا ينون، فإن اختلفا: فإن شئت نونت، وإن شئت أضفت، قلت: هو رابع ثلاثة، ورابع ثلاثة، كما تقول: ضارب زيد، وضارب زيدا؛ لأن معناه الوقوع، أي كملهم بنفسه أربعة.

It is said: 'He is the third of three', added to ten, and not inflected for tanwin. If they differ: if you wish, inflect with tanwin, and if you wish, add. You say: 'He is the fourth of three', and 'the fourth of three', just as you say 'Zayd's striker' and 'striking Zayd'; because its meaning is occurrence, i.e., they completed four with themselves.

يفديك يا زرع أبي وخالي قد مر يومان وهاذا الثالي وأنت بالهجران لا تبالي

May I be sacrificed for you, O crop of my father and uncle! Two days have passed, and this is the third, and you are indifferent to abandonment.

دية شبه العمد أثلاثا

The blood money for unintentional homicide (shibh al-'amd) is in thirds.

أي ثلاث وثلاثون حقة، وثلاث وثلاثون جذعة، وأربع وثلاثون ثنية.

Meaning, thirty-three female camels of the 'huqqa' stage, thirty-three of the 'jadh'a' stage, and thirty-four of the 'thaniyya' stage.

فما حلبت إلا الثلاثة والثنى ولا قيلت إلا قريبا مقالها

And I did not milk except the three and the second, and her words were not spoken except recently.

والثلاثون من العدد ليس على تضعيف الثلاثة، ولكن على تضعيف العشرة، قاله سيبويه.

And 'thirty' in number is not based on doubling 'three', but on doubling 'ten', according to Sibawayh.

والتثليث: أن تسقي الزرع سقية أخرى بعد الثنيا.

And 'tathleeth' is to water the crop a third time after the second watering.

واللاثي: منسوب إلى الثلاثة، على غير قياس.

And 'al-lathi' is attributed to 'three', irregularly.

الثلاثي: ينسب إلى ثلاثة أشياء، أو كان طوله ثلاثة أذرع: ثوب ثلاثي ورباعي، وكذلك الغلام، يقال: غلام خماسي ولا يقال: سداسي؛ لأنه إذا تمت له خمس صار رجلا.

Al-thulathi: is attributed to three things, or its length was three cubits: a threefold garment and a fourfold one. Likewise for a boy; it is said 'a five-year-old boy' and not 'a six-year-old boy', because when he completes five, he becomes a man.

أثلث الكرم: فضل ثلثه وأكل ثلثاه.

To 'athalatha' the vineyard: to leave one-third and eat two-thirds.

وإناء ثلثان: بلغ الكيل ثلثه وكذالك هو في الشراب وغيره.

And a container 'thulthān': its measure reached one-third, and so it is for drink and other things.

كساء مثلوث: منسوج من صوف ووبر وشعر، وأنشد: مدرعة كساؤها مثلوث

A 'mathlooth' garment: woven from wool, camel hair, and goat hair, and he recited: 'A coat whose garment is 'mathlooth'.

أرض مثلوثة: كربت ثلاث مرات، ومثنية: كربت مرتين.

A 'mathlootha' land: plowed three times, and 'mathniyya': plowed twice.

قد ثنيتها وثلثتها.

I have plowed it twice and thrice.

فلان يثني ولا يثلث، أي يعد من الخلفاء اثنين، وهما الشيخان، ويبطل غيرهما.

So-and-so counts as two but not three, meaning he counts two of the caliphs, namely the two Sheikhs, and invalidates others.

وفلان يثلث ولا يربع، أي يعد منهم ثلاثة، ويبطل الرابع.

And so-and-so counts as three but not four, meaning he counts three of them and invalidates the fourth.

وشيخ لا يثنهي ولا يثلث، أي لا يقدر في المرة الثانية ولا الثالثة أن ينهض.

And an old man who cannot rise on the second or third attempt, meaning he is unable to get up on the second or third try.

عليه ذو ثلاث، أي كساء عمل من صوف ثلاثغ من الغنم.

He wears 'dhu thulath', meaning a garment made from the wool of three types of sheep.

تثنية الثلاثاءان، عن الفراء، ذهب إلى تذكير الاسم.

The dual of 'al-thulathā'ān', according to Al-Farra', who opted for masculine gender for the noun.

وثليث مصغرا مشددا موضع على طريق طيىء إلى الشام.

And 'Thulayth', in its diminutive and geminated form, is a place on the road of Tayy towards Syria.