نوء

Root entry · 22 derived lemmas

The root نوء primarily relates to the concepts of rising, bearing a heavy load, and falling. It extends to describe the rising or setting of stars, particularly in the context of astronomical observations for weather prediction, and also encompasses the idea of sickness or weakness.

Derived headwords

ناءَverb

1.
to riseboth
To rise up, to stand up, generally.
2.
to rise with difficultyboth
To rise with effort and hardship, especially when carrying a load.
3.
to be heavyboth
To be weighed down by a burden, to be inclined to fall due to heaviness.
4.
to fallclassical
To fall down, often due to being overburdened or weakened.
5.
to be distantclassical
To be far away, used as a variant or inversion of 'na'a' (to be distant).

فقلنا لهم تلكم إذا بعد كرة تغادر صرعى نوؤها متخاذل — And we said to them, 'That is, after a strike, leaving their fallen ones faltering.'

مآ إن مفاتحه لتنوء بالعصبة أولى القوة — 'Its keys would be too heavy for a strong group to carry.'

وقال تعالى: {مآ إن مفاتحه} لتنوء بالعصبة أولى القوة} (القصص: 76) أي تثقلهم — And the Almighty said: 'Its keys would be too heavy for a strong group to carry' (Al-Qasas: 76), meaning they would weigh them down.

وقال الفراء: {- لتنيء العصبة: تثقلها — And Al-Farra' said: 'to make the group heavy', meaning to weigh them down.

وقال: إني وجدك لا أقضي الغريم وإن حان القضاء وما رقت له كبدي إلا عصا أرزن طارت برايتها تنوء ضربتها بالكف والعضد أي تثقل ضربتها الكف والعضد — He said: 'By your life, I do not settle the debt even when it is due, nor does my heart soften for him, except for a staff that I balance, flying with its banner, its strike weighing down the hand and arm.'

وقالوا: له عندي ما ساءه وناءه. أي أثقله — And they said: 'He has with me what displeases him and weighs him down.' Meaning, it weighs him down.

وقالوا: وما يسوءه وما ينوءه. وإنما قال ناءه وهو لا يتعدى لأجل ساءه، وليزدوج الكلام — And they said: 'and what displeases him and weighs him down.' And he said 'na'ahu' (it weighed him down) even though it is intransitive, because of 'sa'ahu' (it displeased him), and for the sake of rhyming.

إذا افتقرت نأى واشتد جانبه وإن رآك غنيا لان واقتربا — If he finds you poor, he distances himself and his side hardens; and if he sees you rich, he softens and approaches.

نوءاًnoun

1.
risingboth
The act of rising, especially of a star.
2.
fallingclassical
The act of falling, specifically of a star from its celestial station.

ناء النجم ينوء نوءا، إذا سقط — The star 'na'a' (fell), meaning it fell.

وقد ناء النجم نوءا — And the star has 'na'a' (fallen).

أنواءnoun

1.
star fallsboth
Plural of 'naw'
2.
rainy periodsclassical
The periods associated with the falling of specific stars, traditionally linked to rainfall.

ج {أنواء} ونوآن — Plural: anwa' and naw'an.

نوءnoun

1.
starboth
A star, particularly one observed for its rising or setting.
2.
star's settingclassical
The setting of a star, especially towards the horizon.
3.
star's risingclassical
The rising of a star, particularly in the east.
4.
plantclassical
Vegetation, herbage, especially fresh growth.

والنوء: النجم إذا مال للغروب — And 'al-naw': the star when it inclines towards setting.

وفي بعض النسخ: للمغيب — And in some versions: for setting.

ج {أنواء} ونوآن — Plural: anwa' and naw'an.

وأنواؤه السماكان الأعزل والرقيب، وما بين السماكين صيف — And its 'anwa' are Al-Simak Al-A'zal and Al-Raqib, and what is between the two Simaks is summer.

جف النوء، أي البقل — The vegetation dried up, meaning the herbage.

كأناءةnoun

1.
making heavyclassical
The act of making something heavy or causing it to be weighed down.

وكأناءة مثل أناعه، كما يقال: ذهب به وأذهبه بمعنى — And 'ka'a'ah' like 'ana'ahu' (he made it heavy), as it is said: 'dhahaba bihi' (he went with it) and 'adhhabahu' (he made it go) with the same meaning.

تنوءverb

1.
weighs downboth
To be heavy, to weigh down, used for a woman's hips or for inanimate objects.

والمرأة تنوء بها عجيزتها، أي تثقلها — And the woman's hip 'tanu'u' (weighs down) her, meaning it makes her heavy.

وهي تنوء بعجيزتها، أي تنهض بها مثقلة — And she 'tanu'u' (rises) with her hip, meaning she rises with it, burdened.

لتنيءverb

1.
to weigh downclassical
To make heavy, to weigh down.

وقال الفراء: {- لتنيء العصبة: تثقلها — And Al-Farra' said: 'to make the group heavy', meaning to weigh them down.

ناءكverb

1.
weighed you downclassical
It weighed you down; used as a parallel to 'sa'ak' (it displeased you).

وقد تقدم في س وأ قولهم ما ساءك} وناءك بإلقاء الألف لأنه متبع لساءك — And we have previously mentioned in 'Saa' and 'Naa' their saying 'ma sa'ak' (what displeased you) and 'na'ak' (what weighed you down) by dropping the alif because it follows 'sa'ak'.

ينوءهverb

1.
weighs him downclassical
It weighs him down; used transitively, often following 'sa'ahu' (it displeased him).

وما يسوءه وما ينوءه — And what displeases him and what weighs him down.

استناءverb

1.
to observe the starsclassical
To look for or observe the stars, particularly for astrological or meteorological purposes.

وقد ناء النجم نوءا واستناء واستنأى — And the star 'na'a' (fell) and 'istan'a' (was observed) and 'istan'a' (was observed, inverted).

وقال أبو حنيفة: استناءوا الوسمي: نظرواا ليه — And Abu Hanifa said: 'istanu'u al-wasmi': they looked at it.

استنأىverb

1.
to observe the starsclassical
To look for or observe the stars, particularly for astrological or meteorological purposes (inverted form).

وقد ناء النجم نوءا واستناء واستنأى الأخيرة على القلب — And the star 'na'a' (fell) and 'istan'a' (was observed) and 'istan'a' (was observed, inverted).

نيءadjective

1.
rawboth
Raw, uncooked meat that has not been touched by fire.

فهو نيء بالكسر مثل نيع — It is 'nayi'' (raw) with a kasra, like 'nayyi''.

نيوءnoun

1.
raw meatclassical
Plural of 'nayi'', referring to raw meat.

بين النيوء والنيوأة — Between 'al-nuyu'' (raw meats) and 'al-naw'ah'.

نيوأةnoun

1.
raw meatclassical
Raw meat, uncooked.

بين النيوء والنيوأة — Between 'al-nuyu'' (raw meats) and 'al-naw'ah'.

نهيءadjective

1.
rawclassical
Raw, uncooked meat.

وكذلك نهيء اللحم وهو بين النهوء — And likewise 'nahii'' (raw) meat, and it is between 'al-nuhu'' (raw states).

النهوءnoun

1.
raw stateclassical
The state of being raw or uncooked.

وكذلك نهيء اللحم وهو بين النهوء — And likewise 'nahii'' (raw) meat, and it is between 'al-nuhu'' (raw states).

استناءهverb

1.
to seek its giftclassical
To seek its gift or bounty, used metaphorically.

واستناءه: طلب نوأه — And 'istan'a'ahu': to seek its 'naw'' (gift).

المستناءnoun

1.
one who is asked for giftsclassical
One who is asked for gifts or favors; a beggar.

والمستناء بمعنى المستعطى الذي يطلب عطاؤه — And 'al-mustan'a'' meaning 'al-musta'ta'' (one who is asked for gifts), who seeks his giving.

ناوأهverb

1.
to rival himboth
To rival him, to compete with him, to oppose him.
2.
to fight himboth
To fight him, to contend with him.

ونأوَاهُ مناوأة ونواء ككتاب: فاخره وعاداه — And 'nawa'ahu' (he rivaled him) 'munawa'ah' and 'nawa'' (like kitāb): to boast against him and to be hostile to him.

إذا أنت نا وأت الرجال فلم تنؤ بقرنين غرتك القرون الكوامل — If you rival men and do not rise to the challenge with two horns, the complete generations will deceive you.

مناوأةnoun

1.
rivalryboth
Rivalry, competition, opposition.
2.
hostilityboth
Hostility, enmity.

ونأوَاهُ مناوأة ونواء ككتاب: فاخره وعاداه — And 'nawa'ahu' (he rivaled him) 'munawa'ah' and 'nawa'' (like kitāb): to boast against him and to be hostile to him.

نواءnoun

1.
rivalryboth
Rivalry, competition, opposition.
2.
hostilityboth
Hostility, enmity.

ونأوَاهُ مناوأة ونواء ككتاب: فاخره وعاداه — And 'nawa'ahu' (he rivaled him) 'munawa'ah' and 'nawa'' (like kitāb): to boast against him and to be hostile to him.

ورجل ربطها فخرا ورياء ونواء لأهل الإسلام — And a man tied it up for pride, ostentation, and 'nawa'' (hostility) towards the Muslims.

أنوأadjective

1.
more knowledgeable about star-omensclassical
More knowledgeable about the 'anwa'' (star-omens), used in a comparative sense.

ما بالبادية أنوأ منه، أي أعلم بالأنواء منه — 'Ma bil-badiyah anwa' minhu', meaning more knowledgeable about the 'anwa'' (star-omens) than him.

Parallel reading

فقلنا لهم تلكم إذا بعد كرة تغادر صرعى} نوؤها متخاذل

And we said to them, 'That is, after a strike, leaving their fallen ones faltering.'

وقال تعالى: {مآ إن مفاتحه} لتنوء بالعصبة أولى القوة} (القصص: 76) أي تثقلهم

And the Almighty said: 'Its keys would be too heavy for a strong group to carry' (Al-Qasas: 76), meaning they would weigh them down.

والمعنى أن مفاتحه تنوء بالعصبة، أي تميلهم من ثقلها، فإذا أدخلت الباء قلت تنوء بهم

And the meaning is that its keys 'tanu'u' (weigh down) the group, meaning they incline them due to their heaviness, so if you add the preposition 'bi', you say 'tanu'u bihim' (they weigh them down).

وقال الفراء: {- لتنيء العصبة: تثقلها

And Al-Farra' said: 'to make the group heavy', meaning to weigh them down.

وقال: إني وجدك لا أقضي الغريم وإن حان القضاء وما رقت له كبدي إلا عصا أرزن طارت برايتها تنوء ضربتها بالكف والعضد أي تثقل ضربتها الكف والعضد

He said: 'By your life, I do not settle the debt even when it is due, nor does my heart soften for him, except for a staff that I balance, flying with its banner, its strike weighing down the hand and arm.'

وقالوا: له عندي ما ساءه وناءه. أي أثقله

And they said: 'He has with me what displeases him and weighs him down.' Meaning, it weighs him down.

وما يسوءه وما ينوءه. وإنما قال ناءه وهو لا يتعدى لأجل ساءه، وليزدوج الكلام

And what displeases him and what weighs him down. And he said 'na'ahu' (it weighed him down) even though it is intransitive, because of 'sa'ahu' (it displeased him), and for the sake of rhyming.

والنوء: النجم إذا مال للغروب

And 'al-naw': the star when it inclines towards setting.

وفي بعض النسخ: للمغيب

And in some versions: for setting.

ج {أنواء} ونوآن مثل عبد وعبدان وبطن وبطنان

Plural: anwa' and naw'an, like 'abd and 'abdan, and baṭn and baṭnan.

قال حسان بن ثابت رضي الله عنه: ويثرب تعلم أنا بها إذا أقحط الغيث نوآنها

Hassan bin Thabit, may God be pleased with him, said: 'And Yathrib knows that we are there when the rain is scarce, its 'naw'an' (stars).

وإنما سمي} نوءا لأنه إذا سقط الغارب ناء الطالع، وذلك الطلوع هو! النوء

It is called 'naw'' because when the setting star 'na'a' (rose), that rising is the 'naw''.

وكانت العرب تضيف الأمطار والرياح والحر والبرد إلى الساقط منها.

And the Arabs used to attribute the rains, winds, heat, and cold to the falling star.

فقال: كم بقي من نوء الثريا؟ فقال: إن العلماء بها يزعمون أنها تعترض في الأفق سبعا بعد وقوعها.

So he said: 'How much of the Thuraiya's 'naw'' (period) remains?' He replied: 'The scholars of it claim that it appears on the horizon seven days after its setting.'

فإنما أراد عمر: كم بقي من الوقت الذي جرت به العادة أنه إذا تم أتى الله بالمطر؟

So Umar meant: 'How much of the time remains, which by custom, when it is complete, God brings the rain?'

وقرأ ابن عامر {1. 033 17 أعرض وناء بجانبه} (الإسراء: 83) على القلب.

And Ibn 'Amir recited: 'and he turned aside and 'na'a' (leaned) to his side' (Al-Isra: 83), with inversion.

وأنشد هذا البيت، واستشهد الجوهري في هذا الموضع بقول سهم بن حنظلة: من إن رآك غنيا لان جانبه وإن رآك فقيرا ناء واغتربا

And he recited this verse, and Al-Jawhari cited in this place the saying of Sahm bin Hanzalah: 'If he sees you rich, his side softens; and if he sees you poor, he 'na'a' (distances himself) and becomes a stranger.'

إذا افتقرت نأى واشتد جانبه وإن رآك غنيا لان واقتربا

If he finds you poor, he distances himself and his side hardens; and if he sees you rich, he softens and approaches.

واللحم يناء أي كيخاف، والذي في (النهاية) و (الصحاح) و (المصباح) و (لسان العرب) - ينيء مثل يبيع، نيئا مثل بيع (فهو - نيء) بالكسر مثل نيع

And meat 'yanu'' (is raw), meaning it is close to being spoiled. And what is in (Al-Nihayah), (Al-Sihah), (Al-Misbah), and (Lisan al-Arab) - 'yanii'' like 'yabee'', 'nay'an' like 'bay'', (so it is) 'nayi'' with a kasra like 'nayyi''.

عقار كماء الني ليست بخمطة ولا خلة يكوي الشروب شهابها شهابها: نارها وحدتها

A liquor like the water of 'al-nayi'' (raw), not from a thorny tree nor a sweet one, whose heat burns it; its heat: its fire and intensity.

إذا أنت نا وأت الرجال فلم تنؤ بقرنين غرتك القرون الكوامل

If you rival men and do not rise to the challenge with two horns, the complete generations will deceive you.

ولا يستوي قرن النطاح الذي به تنوء وقرن كلما نؤت مائل

And the horn of the ram that 'tanu'' (rises) is not equal to a horn that, whenever it rises, is leaning.

وفي الحديث في الخيل (ورجل ربطها فخرا ورياء ونواء لأهل الإسلام) : أي معاداة لهم

And in the Hadith about horses (And a man tied them up for pride, ostentation, and 'nawa'' (hostility) towards the Muslims): meaning hostility towards them.

وفي حديث آخر: (لا تزال طائفة من أمتي ظاهرين على من ناوأهم) : أي ناهضهم وعاداهم.

And in another Hadith: 'A group from my Ummah will continue to be victorious over those who 'nawa'ahum' (oppose them, fight them)': meaning those who confront and oppose them.

جف النوء، أي البقل، نقله ابن قتيبة في مشكل القرآن وقال: هو مستعار، لأنه من النوء يكون.

The vegetation dried up, meaning the herbage, as narrated by Ibn Qutaybah in 'Mushkil al-Qur'an', and he said: 'It is metaphorical, because it comes from 'al-naw'' (rising/growth).

ما بالبادية أنوأ منه، أي أعلم بالأنواء منه

'Ma bil-badiyah anwa' minhu', meaning more knowledgeable about the 'anwa'' (star-omens) than him.