Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

سَفَاهٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

سَفيِهٌ ذ [ Having the quality termed سَفَهٌ; i. e., accord. to the explanation of the primary signification of the latter, above, Light; and in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation: ] applied to a camel's nose-rein, (S, K,) light: (S:) or quivering; (K, TA;) because of the she-camel's shaking it, and contending in pulling it. (TA: but there said to be, when thus applied, tropical.) Dhu-rRummeh says, عَلَى ظَهْرِ مِقْلَاتٍ سَفِيهٍ جَدِيلُهَا i. e. [ Upon the back of a she-camel that had brought forth but once and not conceived after, ] whose nose-rein was light. (S. In the TA, زِمَامُهَا is here put in the place of جَدِيلُهَا.) And one says also نَاقَةٌ سَفِيهَةُ الزِمَامِ, (K, TA,) meaning [ A she-camel whose nose-rein is light, or quivering: or] light, or agile, in pace or going. (TA: in which this, also, is said to be tropical.) ― -b2- Also Lightwitted; light of intellect or understanding; (TA;) deficient in intellect or understanding; (Msb;) ignorant; (Mujáhid, K, TA;) weak; foolish, stupid, unsound in intellect or understanding, dull therein, or having little, or no, intellect, or understanding; (Mujáhid, TA;) and ↓ سَافِهٌ, also, [which is syn. with سَفِيهٌ in all the senses mentioned above,] is expl. by IAar as having this last meaning of foolish, stupid, &c.: (TA:) the fem. is سَفِيهَةٌ: (Msb, K:) and the pl. of the masc., (K,) or of the masc. and fem., (Msb, TA,) is سُفَهَاآءُ, (Msb, K, TA,) and of both, سِفَاهٌ, and of the fem., سَفِيهَاتٌ also and سَفَائِهُ and سُفَّهٌ. (K, TA.) In the Kur ii. 282, سَفِيهًا means, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, Ignorant of the ordinances, or statutes; one who does not dictate well, and knows not what dictation is; for he who is ignorant in all his circumstances may not deal with another upon credit: accord. to ISd, ignorant or صَغِير [meaning under the age of puberty ]; not ignorant of dictating, as Lh asserts it to mean, because it is added, “ or not able to dictate, himself: ” this, says Er-Rághib, denotes سَفَه in respect of worldly matters: in the Kur lxxii. 4, سَفِيهُنَا denotes سَفَه in religion. (TA.) In the Kur iv. 4, the pl. السُّفَهَاآء is said to mean Women, and young children; because they are ignorant of the proper object of expense: and I'Ab is related to have said that women are termed السُّفَّهُ and السُّفَهَاآءُ: (Lh, TA:) Az, also, says that a woman is termed سَفِيهَةٌ because of the weakness of her intellect, and because she does not manage well her property; and in like manner are termed children as long as they are not known to be characterized by maturity of intellect, and rectitude of actions, and good management of affairs. (TA.) ― -b3- ثَوْبٌ سَفِيهٌ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, badly woven; thin, flimsy, unsubstantial, or scanty in the yarn. (K, * TA.)

سَفَاهَةٌ ذ : see سَفَهٌ.

سَافِهٌ ذ : see سَفيهٌ. ― -b2- Also, applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Vehemently thirsty: and so سَاهِفٌ. (Az, TA.)

وَادٍ مُسْفَهٌ ذ (tropical:) A valley filled [ with water ]: (K, TA:) as though it exceeded the due bounds, and became such as is termed سَفِيه: imagined to be from أسْفَهْتُهُ signifying “ I found him to be سَفِيه. ” (TA.)

طَعَامٌ مَسْفَهَةٌ ذ , (K, TA, in the CK [erroneously] مُسْفِهٌ,) as also مَسْهَفَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Food that incites [in the CK يُتْعِبُ is erroneously put for يَبْعَتُ] to the drinking of much water. (IAar, * K, TA.)

مُسَافِهٌ ذ act. part. n. of 3, q. v.

1 سَفَا ذ , (S, M,) aor. يَسْفُو, inf. n. سُفُوُّ, (S, TA,) like عُلُوُّ, (TA,) or سَفْوٌ, (so accord. to a copy of the M,) He was quick, or swift, in walking, or going, and in flying. (S, M.) -A2- سَفَتِ الرِّيحُ التُّرابَ, (S, M, Mgh, K,) aor. تَسْفِي, (S, K,) inf. n. سَفْيٌ, (S, M,) The wind raised the dust, or made it to fly, and carried it away, or dispersed it; (S, Mgh, K;) and cast it: (Mgh:) or bore it, carried it, or carried it away; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَسْفَتْهُ, (K,) a dial. var. of weak authority, mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Fr; (TA;) [or it may be thus expl. by a mistake originating from the fact that] IAar mentions سَفَتِ الرِّيحُ and أسْفَتْ, [as syn.,] but [in a sense to be expl. hereafter,] not making either of them trans.: (M:) [and ↓ سَافَتِ الرِّيحُ التُّرَابَ occurs in the M and L in art. سنف:] and تَسْفِي بِهِ, relating to the wind and the dust, also occurs; the ب being redundant, or added because the verb implies the meaning of رَمَت [which is trans. by means of بِ]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And سَفَتِ الرِيحُ The wind blew; as also ↓ أسْفَت. (IAar, TA.) And سَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ الرِيَاحُ [ The winds blew upon him, or it ]. (Z, TA.) ― -b3- And سَفَى التُّرَابُ, aor. يَسْفِى, [ The dust, or earth, poured down, ] the verb being intrans. as well as trans. (Ham p. 454. [It is there indicated that the meaning is اِنْهَالَ.]) -A3- سَفِىَ: see سَفًا, below. -A4- سَفِيَتْ يَدُهُ His hand became much cracked, or chapped, (K, TA,) in consequence of. work. (TA.) -A5- And سَفِىَ, [aor. يَسْفَى,] inf. n. سَفًا and سَفَاآءٌ, He was, or became, lightwitted; or unwise, witless, or destitute of wisdom or understanding; i. q. سَفِهَ, inf. n. سَفَهٌ and سَفَاهٌ; (M, K;) as also ↓ اسفى. (Az, K.)

3 سافت الرِيحُ التُّرَابَ ذ : see 1. -A2- سافاهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُسَافَاةٌ and سِفَاآءٌ, i. q. سَافَهَهُ [ He acted in a lightwitted manner, foolishly, or ignorantly, with him ]. (S, K.) -A3- And He treated him medically, or curatively: (K:) from سَفَاآءٌ. (TA. [But see سِفَاآءٌ, below.])

4 اسِفى ذ He took for himself a mule such as is termed سَفْوَاآء, i. e. quick [&c.]. (K.) -A2- أسْفَتْ said of the wind, intrans. and trans.: see 1, in two places. -A3- اسفى said of corn, It became rough, or coarse, in the extremities [or awn ] of its ears. (S, K.) ― -b2- اسفت said of بُهْمَى [or barley-grass], It let fall its سَفَا [or prickles, or awn, or extremities ]. (M, K.) ― -b3- And اسفى said of a man, He took the prickles [or awn or extremities ] of the بُهْمَى [or barley-grass ]. (TA.) -A4- Also, said of a man, He removed dust, or earth, (سَفًا, TA) from one place to another. (Az, K.) -A5- And اسفت said of a she-camel, (tropical:) She became lean, or emaciated, (K,) so that she was like the سَفا [or prickles of barley-grass ]. (TA.) -A6- See also 1, last sentence. -A7- اسفاهُ It (an affair, or event, M) incited him (a man, K) to unsteadiness, and levity. (M, K.) ― -b2- And hence, perhaps, (M,) اسفى بِهِ He did evil or ill, or acted ill, to him, or with him, (M, K,) i. e., his companion. (M.)

8 استفى وَجْهَهُ ذ i. q. اِصْطَرَفَهُ, (Sgh, K,) i. e. He turned away his face. (TK.)

سَفًا ذ Lightness, thinness, or scantiness, in the hair of the forelock, (S, M, Mgh, K,) of the horse, in which it is discommended, (S, * Z, Mgh,) and of the mule and ass, in both of which it is commended: (Z, Mgh:) or shortness, and scantiness, of the forelock: accord. to Th, it is ↓ سَفَاآءٌ, with medd: which is metaphorically used by a poet as meaning scantiness in milk. (M.) [Accord. to the TK, the former is an inf. n., of which the verb is ↓ سَفِىَ, said of a horse, as meaning He was, or became, light, thin, or scanty, in the forelock. ] ― -b2- And, accord. to IAar, A whiteness [or a tinge thereof ] in the hair [of a horse]: particularly said by him in one place to be such as is termed أَدْهَم, and such as is أَشْقَر. (M, in art. سفو.) -A2- Also, [but more properly written سَفًى, the last radical in this case being ىِ,] Dust, or earth; (S, M, K;) and so ↓ سَافٍ: (TA:) or this is applied to earth, or dust, [as meaning pouring down, ] from سَفَى التُّرَابُ [expl. above]: (Ham p. 454:) the former signifies dust, or earth, though not raised and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind: or, accord. to the T, whatever is raised and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind: (TA:) accord. to IAar, dust, or earth, taken forth from a grave or a well: (M:) سَفَاةٌ is a more special term, (S,) the n. un., (M,) سَفَاةٌ مِنْ تُرَابٍ signifying a collection (كُبَّةٌ) of dust, or earth. (Ham p. 810.) -A3- Also Any kind of tree having prickles, or thorns: (K: [but this seems to have been erroneously taken from what here follows:]) the prickles [or awn or beard ] of بُهْمَى [or barley-grass ], (S, M,) and of the ears of corn, [ of wheat or barley, (TA in art. خدش,)] and of anything having prickles: accord. to Th, the extremities of بُهْمَى: n. un. سَفَاةٌ, as above. (M.) -A4- Also Leanness, or emaciation, (K, TA,) in consequence of disease. (TA.) -A5- It is also an inf. n. of سَفِىَ as syn. with سَفِهَ, expl. above. (M, K.)

سَفَاآءٌ ذ : see the first sentence of the next preceding paragraph: it is expl. in the K [and also in the M] as signifying A stopping, stopping short, or ceasing, of the she-camel's milk: and ISd cites [in the M, after Th], from a poet, the phrase فَى أَلْبَانِهِنَّ سَفَاآءُ [ending a verse,] referring to [she-camels such as are termed] قَلَائِص: but Az relates it differently, فِى أَلْبابِهِنَّ with ب [in the place of ن]; saying that سَفَاآءٌ means lightness, or levity, in anything; and ignorance; and that the phrase, as he cites it, means in whose faculties of understanding is lightness. (TA.) [See 1, last sentence: and] see also what next follows.

سِفَاآءٌ ذ , accord. to the K, signifies A medicine, or remedy: [see 3, last signification:] but this requires consideration; for it is said in the M, [↓ السَّفَاآءُ signifies unsteadiness, and levity; and IAar says,] السَّفَاآءُ from السَّفِىُّ is like الشَّقَاآءُ from الشَّقِىُّ. (TA.)

سَفِىُّّ ذ Dust raised, or made to fly, and carried away, or dispersed, by the wind; (S, K;) and (K) so ↓ سَافٍ, (M, K,) i. q. ↓ مَسْفِىٌّ; a possessive epithet, or of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (M. [See another explanation of سَاف voce سَفًا, from the Hamáseh. Freytag explains both سَفِىٌّ and سَافٍ, as on the authority of the K, as epithets applied to the wind, not to the dust.]) ― -b2- Also Clouds; [app. as being driven by the wind;] syn. سَحَابٌ. (S.) -A2- And i. q. سَفِيهٌ [ Lightwitted, &c.: see 1, last sentence]. (M, K.) [And it seems to be indicated in the S that ↓ سَافٍ is syn. with سَافِهٌ, which is syn. with سَفِيهٌ.]

سَفَّاآءٌ ذ : see مُسْفٍ.

سَافٍ ذ : fem. سَافِيَةٌ, pl. سَوَافٍ: see this last in the next paragraph: ― -b2- and for the first, see سَفًا: and سَفِىٌّ, first sentence. -A2- See also سَفِىٌّ again, last sentence.

سَافِيَاآءُ ذ Dust, syn. غُبَارٌ: (M, K:) or dust (تُرَابٌ) and dry herbage or the like: (Ham p. 445:) or dust (تُرَابٌ) with the wind: (M:) or wind that bears, or carries, or carries away, dust, (M, K, TA,) much, upon the surface of the earth, impelling it against men: (TA, and in like manner in the Ham ubi suprà:) and ↓ رِيَاحٌ سَوَافٍ, (TA,) pl. of رِيحٌ سَافِيَةٌ, (Ham ubi suprà,) winds that raise the dust, or make it to fly, and carry it away, or disperse it: you say, لَعِبَتْ بِهِ السَّوَافَى [ The winds raising the dust, &c., made sport with him, or it ]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also Tracks, or streaks, upon a pool put in motion by the wind: so says Freytag; but he names not any authority for this.]

أسْفَى ذ applied to a horse, (As, S, M, Mgh,) Light, thin, or scanty, in the hair of the forelock: (As, S, M, Mgh, K:) or short and scanty therein: fem. سَفْوَاآءُ: (M:) [and accord. to some, it seems to be in like manner applied to a mule and an ass: (see سَفًا:)] one says فَرَسٌ أَسْفَى and بَغْلَةٌ سَفْوَاآءُ: (Mgh:) [or,] accord. to As, أَسْفَى in the sense first expl. above is not applied to anything but a horse: applied to a mule, it means (assumed tropical:) quick, or swift: (S:) or بَغْلَةٌ سَفْوَاآءُ signifies (tropical:) a she-mule that is quick, or swift, (S, M, A, K, TA,) like the wind, (A, TA,) active, or light, (S,) of middling make, compact and strong in the back; (M, TA;) and in like manner سَفْوَاآءُ is applied to a wild she-ass. (M.) ― -b2- Accord. to IAar, الأَسْفَى applied to the horse signifies اَلَّذِي تَنْزِعُهُ شَعَرَةٌ بَيْضَاآءُ [app. meaning Distinguished by some white hairs, though I find no authority for thus rendering the verb here used] whether he be bay or of some other colour: or having that whiteness of the hair which is termed سَفًا [expl. above], which is particularly said by him in one place to be in such as is termed أَدْهَم, and such as is أَشْقَر: and the fem. in this sense also is as above. (M.) ― -b3- One says also رِيحٌ هَوْجَاآءُ, meaning (tropical:) A swift wind; like as one says مُسْفٍ. (TA.)

مُسْفٍ ذ [and, accord. to Golius, ↓ سَفَّاآءٌ, mentioned by him as on the authority of the K, in which, however, I do not find it, nor did Freytag,] A calumniator, or slanderer. (K.)

مَسْفِىٌّ ذ : see سَفِىٌّ.

1 سَقِبَ ذ , aor. سَقَبَ , inf. n. سَقَبٌ, He, or it, was, or became, near. (Msb.) سَقَبٌ is syn. with قُرْبٌ. (S, A, K.) You say, سَقِبَتْ دَارُهُ, (S, and so in the K accord. to the TA,) with kesr [to the ق], (S,) [inf. n. as above;] or سَقَبَت, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K and in my copy of the Mgh,) inf. n. سَقْبٌ, (so in my copy of the Mgh,) or سُقُوبٌ; (K;) [but I believe the verb to be correctly سَقِبَت, like its syn. صَقِبَت, and the inf. n. to be correctly سَقَبٌ, and perhaps سُقُوبٌ also;] His house was near; (S, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ أَسْقَبَت. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., الجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ, meaning [ The neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to pre-emption] by reason of his being near: (S, * A, Msb:) or the ب is a connective of احقّ with its complement, (Mgh, Msb,) not to denote a cause, (Mgh,) and بِسَقَبِهِ is expl. as meaning بِالشُّفْعَةِ; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. the neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to الشُّفْعَة [or pre-emption ], when his house is contiguous: (Mgh:) IAth says that it is adduced as an evidence that الشُّفْعَة belongs to the neighbour though not a sharer; i. e., that he has a better claim thereto than one who is not a neighbour: but some explain الجار as meaning the partner, or sharer: or the meaning of the trad. may be, the neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to kindness and assistance because of his being near. (L, TA. [See also another reading (بِصَقَبِهِ), and explanations thereof, in art. صقب.])

4 اسقبهُ ذ He made him, or it, to be near: (K:) or اسقب دَارَهُ he made his house to be near. (S.) [And so with ص.] -A2- See also the paragraph above. -A3- أَسْقَبَتْ is also said of a she-camel, meaning She brought forth mostly males. (A, * TA.) [And اسقب He got, or got mostly, male offspring. ] In the following saying, (S, TA,) of Ru-beh, describing the two parents of a man eulogized [by him], (TA,) وَكَانَتِ العِرْسُ الَّّتِى تَنَخَّبَا لِفَحْلٍ أَسْقَبَا ↓ غَرَّاآءَ مِسْقَابًا [ And the wife whom he chose was generous, or noble, or fair, one that brought forth, or brought forth mostly, male offspring, to a male that begot, or begot mostly, such offspring, ] the last word is a verb, in the pret. tense, not an epithet applied to فحل. (S, * TA. [In the former, only the second hemistich is cited.])

6 تساقبت أَبْيَاتُهُمْ ذ was probably used as meaning Their tents, or houses, were near together: see the part. n. of this verb below.]

سَقْبٌ ذ The young one of a camel: or, when just brought forth: (K:) or only the male young one of a camel: (S, K:) [see also صَقْبٌ:] when a she-camel has brought forth her young one, the latter, when just born, is called سَلِيلٌ, before it is known whether it is a male or a female; but when it is known, if it is a male, it is called سَقْبٌ: (As, TA:) the female is not called سَقْبَةٌ, (S, K,) but حَائِلٌ: (S:) or it is [sometimes] called by the former of these appellations: (K:) [see De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., ii. 358: and see سَقْبَةٌ below:] the pl. is أَسْقُبٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and سِقَابٌ and سُقُوبٌ and سُقْبَانٌ. (K.) أَذَلُّ مِنَ السُّقْبَانِ بَيْنَ الحَلَائِبِ [ More vile than the male young ones of camels among the milch camels ] is a prov. [from a verse of Keys Ibn-El-Khateem]. (TA.) ― -b2- Tall: (K: [see also سَكْبٌ:]) or anything tall, together with plumpness; or fatness, softness, thinness of the skin, and plumpness. (S. [See also صَقْبٌ.]) Applied to a branch, Juicy, thick, and long: (Az, TA: [and so صَقْبٌ:]) or anything of the like kind full and complete. (ADk, TA.) In the following verse, cited by Sb, وَسَاقِيَيْنِ مِثْلَ زَيْدٍ وَجُعَلْ سَقْبَانِ مَمْشُوقَانِ مَكْنُوزَا العَضَلْ سَقْبَانِ signifies طَوِيلَانِ [ tall ], and is also written صَقْبَانِ: (Sh, TA:) [so that the meaning may be, And two waterers, or givers of drink, like Zeyd and Jo'al: they being two tall persons, light of flesh, compact in the muscles: I suppose هُمَا to be understood before the latter hemistich; because of the ns. in the nom. case: and I have substituted مَكْنُوزَا for مَنْكُوزَا, the reading in the TA, doubtless a mistranscription:] or it is for مِثْلَ سَقْبَيْنِ [meaning like two male young ones of camels ]. (L, TA.) ― -b3- And The pole of a [ tent such as is called ] خِبَاآء; (S, K;) as also ↓ سَقِيبَهٌ: and so صَقَبٌ: (S:) pl. of the first سِقْبَانٌ. (K.)

سَقَبٌ ذ inf. n. of سَقِبَ [q. v.]. (Msb.) -A2- See also سَاقِبٌ, in three places.

سَقْبَةٌ ذ The female foal of a wild ass. (S, K, * TA.) ― -b2- [See also سَقْبٌ, of which, in the first of the senses assigned to it above, it is said by some to be the fem.]

سِقَابٌ ذ A bit of cotton which a woman afflicted (K, TA) by the death of her husband, in the Time of Ignorance, after shaving her head, and scratching her face, (TA,) used to make red with her blood, (K, TA,) i. e. her own blood, (TA,) and put upon her head, making its extremity to protrude from a hole, or rent, of her قِنَاعِ [or head-covering ], in order that people might know her to be so afflicted. (K, * TA.)

سُقُوبٌ ذ a pl. of سَقْبٌ [q. v.]. (K.) ― -b2- Also The hind legs of camels: (IAar, K:) pronounced also with ص. (IAar, TA in art. صقب.)

سَقِيبٌ ذ : see سَاقِبٌ.

سَقِيبَةٌ ذ : see سَقْبٌ, last sentence. ― -b2- Also A baker's kneading-board: or his rolling-pin. (MA.)

سَاقِبٌ ذ [in the CK ثاقب] Near; (A, Msb, K;) and likewise with ص; (A;) as also ↓ سَقيتٌ (Msb) and ↓ سَقَبٌ, [likewise pronounced with ص,] (Mgh, K, * TA,) for ذُو سَقَبٍ, or it may be an inf. n. used as a subst. or an epithet, (Mgh,) and ↓ مُسْقِبٌ. (K, * TA.) You say مَكَانٌ سَاقِبٌ A near place: (A:) and ↓ مَنْزِلٌ سَقَبٌ and ↓ مُسْقِبٌ a near place of alighting or abode: (K, * TA:) and مِنْ دَارِهِ ↓ دَارِىسَقَبٌ My house is near his house. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also Distant: (Msb, K:) this meaning is mentioned by some, as well as the former: (Msb:) thus it has two contr. meanings: (K:) the latter of these is mentioned in the Mj; and the following verse is cited as a proof thereof; تَرَكْتَ أَبَاكَ بِأَرْضِ الحِجَازِ وَرُحْتَ اـِلَى بَلَدٍ سَاقِبِ [ Thou leftest thy father in the land of El-Hijáz, and wentest to a distant country ]. (MF, TA.)

سَوْقَبٌ ذ A man tall and slender. (Suh, TA.)

أَسْقَبُ ذ or أَصْقَبُ, occurring in a trad., accord. to different relaters, Nearer [and nearest ]. (TA in art. صقب.)

مُسْقِبٌ ذ : see سَاقِبٌ, in two places.

مِسْقَبٌ ذ The dam of a سَقْب [q. v.]; as also ↓ مَسْقَابٌ: (K:) [or] the latter signifies a she-camel that usually brings forth males. (S.)

مِسْقَابٌ ذ : see what next precedes: and see a verse cited above, conj. 4.

أَبْيَاتُهُمْ مُتَسَاقِبَةٌ ذ Their tents, or houses, are near together. (K.)

1 سَقَرَ الشَّمْسُ ذ , (S,) aor. سَقُرَ , inf. n. سَقْرٌ, (TA,) The sun scorched, or burned, him, altering the colour of his complexion and shin, (S, * TA,) and pained him, or pained his brain by its heat: (TA:) melted and heated him, or it. (TA.) And سَقَرَتْهُ النَّارُ The fire altered the colour of his skin; or scorched his skin, and altered its colour; as also صَقَرَتْهُ. (Bd in liv. 48.)

سَقْرٌ ذ The heat, and hurtful action, of the sun. (K.)

سَقَرُ ذ Hell: (S, K:) one of the [proper] names thereof: (S:) Aboo-Bekr says, There are two opinions respecting this word: some say, that the fire of the world to come is thus called, and that the derivation of the word is unknown, and that it is imperfectly decl. because it is determinate and a foreign word: others say that it is from سَقَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ, because it melts the bodies and souls, and that it is an Arabic word; and he who holds it to be such says that it is imperfectly decl. because it is determinate and of the fem. gender. (TA.)

سَقَرَاتٌ ذ The vehemence of the stroke of the sun. (S.)

مُسْمَقِرُّ ذ A day vehemently hot. (S in this art., and K in art. سمقر.) This is its proper place. (TA.)

سُقُرْقَعٌ ذ , an arabicized word from سُكُرْكَه, (S, K,) [or سُكُرْGَهْ, so written in Persian,] A certain beverage, (O, K,) the wine of the Abyssinians, (S,) made from ذُرَة [or millet ]: (S, K:) or a certain beverage of the people of El-Hijáz, from barley and [ other ] grains; to which they have become addicted: (Lth, K:) Lth says, (TA,) it is an Abyssinian word, (K, TA,) not of the language of the Arabs, because (TA) there is not in the language a quinqueliteral-radical word having damm to the first syllable and fet-h to the last, (K, TA,) except such as is reduplicative, like ذُرَحْرَحٌ. (TA.) [See also سُكُرْكَةٌ, and مِزْرٌ, and غُبَيْرَاآءُ.]

1 سَقَطَ ذ , (S, M, &c.,) aor. سَقُطَ , (M, MS,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَسْقَطٌ, (S, K,) It fell; fell down; dropped; dropped down; tumbled down; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place; (Msb;) namely, a thing from the hand; (S;) or from a high place, as a roof of a house; and from a low place, as when said of a person in an erect posture; (B;) also said of a building; (TA in art. هور;) and of a جُرْف [q. v.]: (Msb and TA in that art.:) [and often used by anatomists and physicians, as meaning it delapsed; it slipped, or fell, down: ] and ↓ اِسَّاقَطَ [originally تَسَاقَطَ] signifies the same; (K;) as in the phrase in the Kur [xix. 25], تَسَّاقَطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَبًا جَنِيًّا, or يَسَّاقَطْ, accord. to different readings, It, namely the palm-tree (نَخْلَة) accord. to the former reading, and the trunk (جِذْع) accord. to the latter reading, shall drop upon thee with fresh ripe dates, plucked; رطبا جنيّا being transferred from its proper place, and used as a specificative; the meaning being, يَسَّاقَطْ رُطَبُ الجِذْعِ: so says Fr. (Az, TA.) [This phrase of the Kur, with the above-mentioned explanation, but less fully given, occurs in a copy of the S which, throughout this art., differs much from other copies.] You say also, سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مَغْشِيًّا عَلَيْهِ [ Such a one fell down in a swoon ]. (TA.) And مَنْ نَازَعَ أَطْوَلَ مِنْهُ سَقَطَ الشَّغْزَبِيَّةَ [ He who contends with one taller than himself falls by the trick which consists in one's twisting his leg with the leg of the other ]. (TA.) ― -b2- سَقَطَ الوَلَدُ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِهِ, (Kh, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, (Msb,) The child, or fœtus, came forth [or fell ] from the belly of its mother (Msb, K) abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (Msb,) or dead, (A,) but having the form developed, or manifest: (Msb:) you do not say وَقَعَ (Kh, S, Msb, K) unless the child is born alive. (A, TA.) ― -b3- سُقِطَ فِىيَدِهِ, and فى ↓ أُسْقِطَ يده, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) but the former is more common, and better, (Fr,) the latter allowed by Akh, but disallowed by AA and by Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà [i. e. Th], (S,) [lit. There was a falling, and there was a making to fall, upon his hand; i. e., of his hand upon his hand, or of his teeth upon his hand, by reason of repentance, and grief, or regret; meaning] (tropical:) he repented, (Fr, Zj, S, M, K,) of what he had done; and grieved for, or regretted, an act of inadvertence; (Zj, M;) or, and became confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course: (O, K:) or both signify, (TA,) or signify also, (K,) or the former signifies also, (M,) he slipped; fell into an error, or a fault; committed a mistake. (M, K.) Hence the saying in the Kur [vii. 148], وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِى أَيْدِيهِمْ (tropical:) And when they repented: (S:) or struck their hands upon their hands, by reason of repentance; accord. to AAF: (M:) or repented greatly; because he who repents, and grieves, or regrets, bites his hand in sorrow, so that his hand is fallen upon [by his teeth]: (Bd:) the phrase was not known to the Arabs before the time of the Kur-án: (O:) it has also been read سَقَطَ فى ايديهم, (Akh, S, M,) as though النَّدَمُ were understood; (Akh, S;) i. e. سَقَطَ النَّدَمُ; like as you say, قَدْ حَصَلَ فِى يَدِهِ مِنْ هٰذَا مَكْرُوهٌ, likening what comes into the heart, and into the mind, to what comes into the hand, and is seen with the eye: (M, TA:) and this, as well as the former, is tropical. (TA.) ― -b4- سَقَطَ القَمَرُ (tropical:) The moon set: and in like manner النَّجْمُ [ the star, or asterism; generally meaning the Pleiades; and when this is the case, the phrase in most instances means the Pleiades set at dawn: see مَسْقطٌ]. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b5- سَقَطَ الرَّجُلُ (tropical:) The man died. (TA.) ― -b6- [And (assumed tropical:) The man tottered by reason of age.] You say of an old man, سَقَطَ مِنَ الكِبَرِ (assumed tropical:) [ He tottered by reason of age ]. (S in art. درهم.) ― -b7- سَقَطَ اـِلَىَّ القَوْمُ, (M, K,) inf. n. سُقُوطٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The people, or company of men, alighted at my abode: (M, K, TA:) they came to me. (TA.) سَقَطَ اـِلَى جِيرَانٍ لَهُ, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) He came to some neighbours of his, and they gave him refuge, and protected him. (M, TA.) And it is said in a postclassical prov., حَيْثُمَا سَقَطَ لَقَطَ [ Wherever he alights he picks up something]: applied to him who practises evasions, shifts, artifices, or the like. (Meyd, and Har p. 660.) ― -b8- سَقَطَ عَلَى ضَالَّتِهِ (tropical:) He stumbled upon, lighted on, or became acquainted with, the place of his stray, or lost, beast; he lighted on his stray, or lost, beast. (TA.) Mohammad said to El-Hárith Ibn-Hassán, on the latter's asking him respecting a thing, عَلَى الخَبِيرِ سَقَطْتَ (tropical:) On the possessor of knowledge thou hast lighted: and this is a prov. current among the Arabs. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., سَقَطَ العَشَاآءُ بِهِ عَلَى سِرْحَانِ (assumed tropical:) [ The evening-meal, or supper, (i. e. the seeking for it,) made him to fall, or light, upon a wolf: or سرحان, as is said in a copy of the S, is here the name of a certain man: see also art. سرح]: applied to him who seeks an object of desire, and falls into a thing that destroys him. (TA.) ― -b9- سَقَطَ also signifies He descended [ from the place which he occupied ], and his place became vacant. (TA.) And you say, سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ (tropical:) [ Such a one fell from his honourable station ]. (TA.) And سَقَطَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ عَيْنِى (tropical:) [ Such a one fell from the place which he held in my regard ]. (TA.) سَقَاطَةٌ, as an inf. n., meaning (assumed tropical:) The being ignoble in respect of the deeds or qualities of one's ancestors, and of oneself, [as though its verb were سَقُطَ,] is a mistake, although it has been used, for the purpose of assimilation, coupled with وَقَاحَةٌ. (Mgh.) ― -b10- [Also, (assumed tropical:) He dropped off; fell behind: he, or it, remained [...]

3 ساقطهُ ذ , (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُسَاقَطَةٌ and سِقَاطٌ, (M, K,) i. q. ↓ أَسْقَطَهُ [q. v.]: (K:) or he made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down, in consecutive portions or quantities; syn. تَابَعَ اـِسْقَاطَهُ [in the CK اَسْقاطَهُ]: (M, K:) or it has both of these significations. (So in the L, and in some copies of the S; but in one copy of the S, the former only is mentioned.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely Dábi Ibn-El-Hárith ElBurjumee, (TA,) describing a [wild] bull and the dogs, (S,) يُسَاقِطُ عَنْهُ رَوْقُهُ ضَارِ يَاتِهَا سِقَاطَ حَدِيدِ القَيْنِ أَخْوَلَ أَخْوَلَا [ His horn makes to fall consecutively from him those of them that were trained for hunting, as the iron of the blacksmith makes sparks to fall consecutively, scattered about ]. (S, M.) ― -b2- ساقط الخَيْلَ (tropical:) He (a horse) outstripped the [other] horses: (TA:) [as though he made them to drop behind him, one after another.] ― -b3- ساقطهُ الحَدِيثَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِقَاطٌ (S, M, A) and مُسَاقَطَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [ He discoursed with him alternately; ] discourse fell (سَقَطَ) from each of them to the other, (M, K,) so as that one discoursed, and the other listened to him, and when he became silent, he who had been silent discoursed: (S, K:) or he discoursed to him telling him thing after thing. (A, TA.) ― -b4- كَانَ يُسَاقِطُ ذٰلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ ا@للّٰهِ (assumed tropical:) He used to relate that from the Apostle of God amid his discourse; as though he mixed his discourse therewith. (TA, from a trad.) -A2- ساقط الفَرَسُ العَدْوَ, (M, K,) inf. n. سِقَاطٌ, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The horse came [ running ] in a slack, or languid, manner: (S, * M, K, TA:) or سِقَاطٌ in a horse is the incessantly having the foot wounded and made to bleed by stones, or hurt thereby. (A, TA.) You say also فَرَسٌ رَيّثُ السِقَاطِ (assumed tropical:) A horse slow in running. (TA.) ― -b2- ساقط الرَّجُلُ, inf. n. سِقَاطٌ, (tropical:) The man failed of attaining to the condition of the generous, or noble. (TA.)

4 اسقطهُ ذ He made it to fall, fall down, drop, drop down, or tumble down; threw it down; dropped it; let it fall; (S, * M, Mgh, Msb;) upon the ground; (Mgh;) or from a higher to a lower place. (Msb.) See also 3, first sentence. ― -b2- أَسْقَطَتٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or اسقطت وَلَدَهَا, (M, K,) or the latter is wrong, (MF,) for the Arabs disused, as some say, the objective complement after this verb, scarcely, or never, saying أَسْقَطَتْ سِقْطًا, nor do they say, أُسْقِطَ الوَلَدُ, (Msb, MF,) or the lawyers use these last two phrases, but they are not Arabic, (Mgh,) or a phrase like the last, i. e. أُسْقِطَتِ الأَجِنَّةُ, occurs in an Arabic verse, (TA,) She (a pregnant female, Mgh, Msb, or a woman, M, B, and so in a copy of the S, or a camel or other animal, as in some copies of the S and in the O, or, accord. to El- Kálee, only said of a woman, like as اجهضت is only said of a she-camel, TA,) cast her young one, or fœtus or her young; brought forth her young one, or fœtus, or her young, abortively, or in an immature, or imperfect, state, (S, * M, Msb, K, B,) or dead, (Mgh,) but having the form developed, or manifest. (Mgh, Msb.) ― -b3- أُسْقِطِ فِى يَدِهِ: see 1. ― -b4- اسقطهُ السُّلْطَانُ (tropical:) [ The Sultán made him to fall, or degraded him, مِنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ from his honourable station ]. (TA.) ― -b5- [اسقط also signifies (assumed tropical:) He dropped, left out, or omitted, a letter of a word, a word of a phrase, &c.] You say, اسقط حَرْفًا, and كَلِمَةٍ, and فِى كَلِمَةٍ, and فِىكَلَامِهِ: see 1. And اسقط الفَارِضُ ا@سْمَهُ (tropical:) The appointer, or registrar, of the stipends of soldiers or pensioners dropped, left out, or omitted, his name. (TA.) ― -b6- [Also (assumed tropical:) He, or it, annulled; made, or rendered, null, void, of no force, or of no account; he rejected; said in relation to a claim or demand, a due, an argument or a plea, a condition, a law, a command or prohibition, a gift, a reward, a punishment, a good action, a sin, &c.; of any of these you say, اسقطهُ, and اسقط حُكْمَهُ: see an ex. voce هَدَرَ: and see 1, near the end of the paragraph. Hence,] اسقط مِنَ الثَّمَنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He abated of the price so much; syn. حَطَّ. (Mgh and Msb in art. حط.) ― -b7- اسقطهُ is erroneously put in the K, in one instance, for استسقطهُ. (TA.) See 5. -A2- أَسْقَطُوا لَهُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) They reviled him with evil speech. (TA.)

5 تسقّطهُ ذ (tropical:) He sought his mistake, or error: (S, K, TA:) (tropical:) he strove, or laboured, to make him commit a mistake, or an error; or to make him lie; or to make him reveal what he had to tell; (M, K, TA;) as also ↓ استسقطهُ; (M, TA;) in the copies of the K, ↓ أَسْقَطَهُ, which is a mistake. (TA.) ― -b2- تسقّط الخَبَرَ (tropical:) He took, or received, the news, or information, by little and little; (K, TA;) thing after thing: mentioned by Aboo-Turáb, on the authority of Abu-l-Mikdám EsSulamee. (TA.)

6 تساقط ذ : see its variation اِسَّاقَطَ in 1; first sentence. ― -b2- It fell in consecutive portions or quantities [like the leaves of a tree, &c.; by degrees; gradually ]. (M, K.) A poet says, كَنَجْمِ الثُّرَيَّا وَأَمْطَارِهَا وَيَوْمٍ تَسَاقَطُ لَذَّاتُهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [ Many a day ] of which the pleasures come one thing after another; [such a day being like the asterism of the Pleiades, and the pleasures thereof like its rains; ] meaning the abounding of its pleasures. (TA.) And you say, تَسَاقَطَ اـِلَىَّ خَيْرُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [ The wealth of such a one fell, or came, to me, one thing after another ]. (TA.) ― -b3- تساقط عَلَى الشَّىٌءِ He threw himself upon the thing. (S.) You say, تساقط عَلَى الرَّجُلِ يَقِيه بِنَفْسِهِ [ He threw himself upon the man, protecting him with his own person ]. (TA.)

10 اـِسْتَسْقَطَ see 5.